Practical 1

Question 1

Parasitology is:

Answer 1

The science that deals with organisms that take up their abodes, temporarily or permanently, on or within other living organisms

Question 2

Definition of Parasitism

Answer 2

Intimate and obligatory relationship between two heterospecific organisms which the parasite, usually the smaller of the two partners, is metabolically dependent on the host

Question 3

Parasitism implies:

Answer 3

That one of the partners benefits, the other is “harmed”

Question 4

Parasitic relationships may be:

Answer 4

• Permanent (e.g. tapeworms)
• Temporary (e.g. ticks)

Question 5

Obligatory parasite

Answer 5

If an organism is completely dependent on the host during a segment or all of its life cycle

Question 6

Facultative parasite:

Answer 6

An organism that does not absolutely depend on the parasitic way of life, but is capable of adapting to it if placed in such a relationship

Question 7

Permanent parasite:

Answer 7

The parasite lives all life in or on animals (e.g. tapeworms, louse)

Question 8

Temporary parasite:

Answer 8

The parasite lives a part of its life in or on animals
-Often vectors of pathogens (e.g. during feeding like ticks, mosquitoes)

Question 9

Definitive host/Final host:

Answer 9

Harbors the adult or sexual stage of the parasite, where the parasite reaches sexual maturity

Question 10

Intermediate host:

Answer 10

Is a temporary environment for the parasite, but is necessary to complete its life cycle. Usually undergoes morphological or physiological change in it.
!Do NOT reach sexual maturity, but can undergo asexual reproduction in an IH!

Question 11

Paratenic host:

Answer 11

The parasite does not undergo any development, but host keeps it alive and transmits it to another host
-optional transport host, no detectable morphological changes

Question 12

Taxonomy was developed by:

Answer 12

Carolus Linnaeus

Question 13

Binomial nomenclature involves organizing an organisms scientific name into a combination of two terms:

Answer 13

• The first identifies the genus (Capitalized and italicized
• The second the species itself (italicized)

Question 14

What are the 7 different taxa:

Answer 14

1. Kingdom
2. Phylum (+subphylum)
3. Class (+subclass)
4. Order (+superorder and suborder)
5. Family (+superfamily and subfamily)
6. Genus (+subgenus)
7. Species (+subspecies)

Question 15

What is the ending used for Order:

Answer 15

-ida
(Suborder is -ina)

Question 16

What is the ending used for Family:

Answer 16

-idae
(Superfamily -oidae and subfamily -inae)

Question 17

What defines Species:

Answer 17

• They are anatomically/morphologically the same
• They occupy the same space
• They can procreate

Question 18

Disease name vs. Parasite name:

Answer 18

Diseases have the ending -osis added to the stem of the name of the parasite, by dropping the last one or two letters
E.g.
-Parasite name: Fasciola
-Disease name: Fasciosis*

Question 19

What is the most common laboratory procedure:

Answer 19

Fecal examination (Coprological)

Question 20

Collection of fecal samples:

Answer 20

• Fresh
• From rectum or immediately after defication

Question 21

Storage of fecal samples:

Answer 21

Refrigerate do NOT freeze it (can damage the sample)
-Helmiths eggs may be preserved with equal volume of 5-10% buffered formaline (Never for LUNG WORMS)