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Exam2 230 > Practce for exam 2 > Flashcards

Practce for exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Where does rhyolite form?

A

Extrusively

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2
Q

How can you tell pyroxene from amphibole in thin section?

A

Pyroxene has cleavage at 90 Amphibole has clevage at 60 and 120

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3
Q

Name some minerals with high relief

A

Olivine, pyroxene, amphibole, calcite

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4
Q

Name some minerals with low relief

A

Quartz, feldspars

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5
Q

What is the gas that typically separates from the water deep in a geyser plumbing system causing it to erupt?

A

Water vapor

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6
Q

What is the word used to describe the change in appearance as the microscope stage is rotated?

A

extinction

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7
Q

At what point does graphic granite crystallize that causes the two minerals to crystallize at the same time to produce the unusual texture?

A

The eutectic point

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8
Q

Is topaz an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

Accessory

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9
Q

Is Olivine an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks??

A

Primary

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10
Q

Is quartz an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

Primary

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11
Q

Is albite an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

Primary

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12
Q

Is nepheline an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

Primary

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13
Q

Is ruitle an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

Accessory

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14
Q

How would you tell plagioclase and pyroxene apart in plane polarized light in a thin section?

A

Pyroxene has high relief and a light green color. Plagioclase has low relief and a clear color.

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15
Q

How would you tell plagioclase and pyroxene apart in crossed-nicols?

A

Pyroxene does not show twinning, and shows a wider variety of interference colors, plagioclase is only a grey/yellow.

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16
Q

Where would a basalt form?

A

Hotspots and ocean ridges

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17
Q

Where would a granite form?

A

A pluton.

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18
Q

What parent rock melts to form the magma that erupts at a hotspot?

A

Peridotite

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19
Q

What is the primary mineral in anorthosite?

A

Plagioclase

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20
Q

Where does a rhyolite form?

A

A convergent plate boundary

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21
Q

What are the main minerals in diorite?

A

Plagioclase and pyroxene

22
Q

When polarized light emanating from a light source below the microscope stage passes through a thin section, individual minerals cause the light wave to ___________.

A

refract.

23
Q

With the upper polarizing lens “in” isotropic minerals appear ____________.

A

dark

24
Q

With the upper polarizing lens “in” anisotropic minerals exhibit the property called

A

birefringence

25
Q

What type of lava is more viscous? dacitic or rhyolitic?

A

Rhyolitic

26
Q

In what “environment” is tuff formed?

A

pyroclastic flow

27
Q

An extrusive igneous rock that shows evidence of flow direction?

A

Ignembrite

28
Q

What type of volcanic eruptive process buried the roman city of Pompeii?

A

Pyroclastic flow.

29
Q

Main mineral in basalt?

A

Olivine

30
Q

As temperature increases solubility of a gas ________.

A

decreases

31
Q

As pressure increases solubility of a gas ___________.

A

Increases

32
Q

As pressure decreases solubility of a gas ____________.

A

decreases

33
Q

As temperature decreases solubility of a gas __________.

A

increases

34
Q

poikilitic

A

One large crystal forms around smaller crystals.

35
Q

cumulate

A

Igneous rocks formed by the accumulation of early-formed minerals by the action of gravity.

36
Q

ignimbrite

A

rock formed from welded pyroclastic flow. Explosive eruption.

37
Q

partial melting in the mantle produces

A

andesitic magma

38
Q

partial melting in the crust produces

A

granitic magma

39
Q

Is K-feldspar an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

primary

40
Q

Is feldspathoid an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

Primary

41
Q

Is mica an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

primary

42
Q

Is magnetite an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

accessory

43
Q

Is hematite an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

accessory

44
Q

Is zircon an accessory or primary mineral in igneous rocks?

A

accessory

45
Q

secondary minerals

A

form later from chemical reactions of hot water.

46
Q

Euhedral

A

Looks like a perfect or nearly perfect crystal

47
Q

Subhedral

A

Some sharp, straight edges

48
Q

Anhedral

A

irregular shape, edges not sharp

49
Q

pegmatic

A

> 30 mm crystals

50
Q

What causes relief?

A

Differences in speed of light in different materials

51
Q

pleochroism

A

Light is absorbed differently by different crystal directions.

52
Q

Types of twinning displayed by plagioclase

A

simple
albite
pericline

Exam2 230 (1 decks)

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