Prac Question Flashcards
(140 cards)
1
Q
___ is the actual speed of the CPU is governed by a BIOS setting.
A
Clock speed
2
Q
Processors can be overclocked by manually adjusting the _ _, __ and __ settings.
A
the clock rate, voltage, and memory
3
Q
The __ __ is the portion of the CPU that performs calculations and operations
A
processor core
4
Q
The __ is a temporary storage for the core so that it can “remember” the most recent processes
A
Cache
5
Q
Level one cache (L1 cache) is located in the __ __.
A
CPU core.
6
Q
L2 cache and L3 cache are part of the __ __.
A
CPU die.
7
Q
same time.
A
Hyperthreading
8
Q
on the same computer.
A
Virtualization
9
Q
Intel uses the term ___ to identify processors that support virtualization,
A
VT-x
10
Q
AMD uses the term ___ to identify processors that support virtualization,
A
AMD-V
11
Q
Intel’s Core i3, Core i5, and some Core i7 desktop processors (and all mobile processor in these families) include integrated _____,
A
graphics
12
Q
graphics.
A
Accelerated Processing Unit
13
Q
to make actual contact.
A
Zero Insertion
14
Q
processors that use contact-based rather than pin-based connections to the motherboard.
A
Land Grid Array and Ball Grid Array
15
Q
CPU interface with the motherboard.
A
Pin Grid Array and Staggered Pin Grid Array
16
Q
There are two major types of RAM (random access memory): __ and __.
A
dynamic and static
17
Q
____ (_) loses information in a very short period of time in the absence of power.
A
Dynamic RAM
18
Q
____ (_) retains its data for longer periods without power and is faster than DRAM, but is bulkier and is much more expensive
A
Static RAM
19
Q
In general, _____ is used as system memory, and _____ is used for cache and storage devices.
A
DRAM , SRAM
20
Q
____data transfer is timed to the system clock
A
Synchronous
21
Q
the first type of SDRAM used in PCs had __ pins.
A
168
22
Q
double data rate (DDR) memory has __ pins and is inserted as a ___.
A
184
23
Q
DDR2 and DDR3 both contain __-pin modules.
A
240-pin modules
24
Q
The memory modules used for SDRAM-class memory are known as _____
A
dual inline memory module (DIMM)
25
This module, ___, provides 64-bit-wide memory access.
(DIMM).
26
These processors that have a 64-bit data bus: ___ and ___.
x86 (32-bit) and x86-64 (64-bit)
27
DIMMs have a _____ data bus
64
28
RIMM stands for __ __ Memory Module
The RAMBUS Inline
29
(RIMM) uses a proprietary _____ pin slot
184- or 232
30
RAMBUS often called _____ is found in ___ ___ systems and a limited number of PCs. On such systems, empty RIMM slots must be filled with (CRIMM) _____modules.
RDRAM,game console,Continuity RIMM
31
__ ___ (VRAM)is used for ___ ___ ___ (_)
video RAM for the use of the graphic processing unit (GPU).
32
of what kind of RAM?
SDRAM
33
___ is used when the reliability of the data is more important than the speed at which it is written or read. ___ adds a bit to each byte so that every byte is an even number.
Parity
34
Parity is used in some ___ ___, ___ ___, and RAM,
network communications, hard drives,
35
__ __ ___ (_) detects and fixes corrupt data in RAM.
Error correction code (ECC)
36
CMOS stores the values that you select in the ___.
BIOS
37
the CPU.
Chipsets
38
The___ provides power to the CPU by adjusting the power received from the power supply to the appropriate voltage levels needed for a particular CPU.
motherboard
39
___ is the basis of all modern motherboards,including Micro-___ and ___
ATX , ATX and ITX
40
____ reverses the positions of components versus ATX and is designed for superior cooling of components such as memory and the CPU
BTX
41
____boards and ____ boards plug into the motherboard to expand the number of expansion slots or ports available, or in some cases, add devices.
Daughter and Riser
42
_ _ _ (AMR) and _ _ _ (CNR) riser cards provide I/O port connections
Audio Modem Riser (AMR) and Communications Network Risers
43
Internal hard drives mount in ___-inch or ___-inch bays
3.5-inch or 2.5-inch
44
Optical drives mount in ___-inch bays
5.25
45
External drives connect through many kinds of readers and ports. ___,___, and ____ are common.
USB, FireWire, and eSATA
46
Solid-state drives (SSD) contain chips that contain ____. This is often called __ __.
NVRAM,flash memory
47
flash memory cards, NVRAM, thumb drives, jump drives, and USB flash memory drives all use ___ memory.
Flash
48
SSDs contain ___ and a ___ controller to enable the drive to emulate a hard disk while providing much faster performanc
NVRAM and a SATA
49
____ ___ (SATA) drives are now the industry standard
Serial ATA
50
SATA hard disks are hot swappable when the host adapter is configured in the __ __ __ __ (AHCI) mode.
Advanced Host Controller Interface
51
A SATA host adapter can be converted into an eSATA port by connecting an eSATA header cable to an unused ___ ___ ____
SATA host adapter
52
Parallel ATA (PATA) has channels:____ and ____.Each channel can contain two drives: master and slave
primary and secondary
53
CS requires the use of an ___-wire PATA cable with a ___ connector at one end, a ___connector at the other end, and a ___connector in the middle.
80, black,blue,gray
54
The blue connector is used for the _ _ _on the motherboard and the __ and __ connectors for hard disks. The black connector is ____ , and the drive connected to the gray connector is ___.
PATA host adapter,
55
Standard ___PATA cables do not support CS
40-wire
56
Note that __-wire cables are also required for use with drives that run at Ultra ATA 66-100-133 speeds
80
57
SCSI is actually a __ __ of __ controlled by an SCSI controller
small network of devices
58
SATA sometimes has __pins if it provides its own power
15
59
SCSI cable will always be the __
widest ,68
60
most narrow _(8-bit bus) SCSI use a __-pin cable. and a wide (16-bit bus) SCSI use a __-pin cable
50
61
External SCSI devices have two connectors to allow the device to pass through SCSI signals intended for __ __
another device
62
An SCSI array requires unique IDs, created using a binary code: __ bits for SCSI, and 4 bits for __ SCSI. This code is set by __ ,__ __ , push button switch, or can be configured with a separate SCSI BIOS. Just like on a network, every device needs a unique ID number from__ to __ .
3 bits, wide,jumper, dip switch, 0-15
63
SCSI arrays also need a __ medium (SCSI cable), at each end a __, and a __ card.
common,termination,controller
64
mentations use __ (__)terminators that plug into the unused SCSI post on the end of the daisy chain.
daisy-chains, HDD active (powered)
65
striping. This increases speed, but does not provide any data protection
RAID 0
66
__ (___), using two disks, simply copies changes from one HDD to the other in real time
RAID 1 (mirroring)
67
Desktop computers with onboard RAID adapters (typically SATA in newer systems, PATA in older systems) support RAID_ RAID _ and some also support RAID 1+0 (RAID 10).
RAID 0, RAID 1,
68
___require at least four disks, because they are either two striped disks that are mirrors to two others, 0+1, or they are two mirrored disks striped to two others, 1+0 (10)
RAID 10
69
____ writes data across at least three HDDs.___ writes data across the drives and also stores information about the contents of each drive on the others. In the event of a drive failure, the data stored on the failed drive can be re-created from the information stored on the other drives. __is commonly used on servers, and typically uses SCSI, __, or __
RAID 5, RAID 5, RAID 5,SATA, or SAS
70
Typical fan sizes range from __mm to __mm
80mm to 140mm
71
Orange:power supply wire
—+3.3V
72
Red:power supply wire
—+5V
73
Yellow:power supply wire
—+12V
74
Black:power supply wire
—Ground
75
Gray:power supply wire
—Power Good
76
Purple:power supply wire
—+5V standby
77
White:power supply wire
5V or no connection
78
Green:power supply wire
—PS-on
79
Blue:power supply wire
PS-on
80
Power Condition:Brownout
Too little voltage
81
Power Condition:Sag
Very brief time (milliseconds) of too little voltage
82
Power Condition:
Too much voltage
83
Power Condition:
Very brief time (milliseconds) of too much voltage
84
A CRT monitor has many manual adjustments that should all be set to __ level
Middle
85
__ __ __ is when a beam sweeps sideways lines down the entire length of the screen 60 to 100 times a second
vertical refresh rate
86
Brightness controls the intensity of the display
overall
87
LOWS.
odd, one-sixtieth
88
___ inside the CRT stores monitors settings for reuse
NVRAM
89
__ __ __ monitors have chips that control the vertical and horizontal sets of wires. When a pixel is charged by both chips, it turns on
Passive matrix LCD
90
__ __ monitors act like one big integrated circuit with a __for each group of three subpixels (red, green, and blue). Each group of subpixels equals a pixel.
Active matrix, transistor
91
Data projectors use one of two technologies: __ or ___ (DLP)
LCD or digital light processing
92
LCD projectors use three separate LCDs, one each for red, green, and blue light, along with a series of __ __ to reflect colors to each LCD
dichroic mirrors
93
DLP uses an array of ___ on a specialized processing chip that reflect light either onto the screen or away, in much the same way optical drives read their media. A __ __spinning at high speed works with the micromirror array to create full-motion color images.
micromirrors, color wheel
94
HDTVs might use LCD with fluorescent backlighting, LCD with LED backlighting (commonly known as LED), DLP, or plasma screen technologies and are interfaced to a computer through __, __-D, HDMI or __ __ __.
VGA, DVI-D, HDMI, or DisplayPort connectors
95
___ ___and ___ are the most common types of video connectors used for monitors or projectors
VGA, DVI-D, and HDMI
96
___ are instructions to teach the OS how to use and communi¬cate with a new piece of hardware.
Drivers
97
The formal name for this port is a mini-DIN___ ___ ___ (TSR) 3.5mm jack.
Tip Sleeve Ring
98
The formal name for this port is a mini-DIN Tip Sleeve Ring (TSR) __mm jack.
3.5
99
The Microphones's ___ moves in response to sound waves. That signal is converted into a digital signal inside the sound card
diaphragm
100
PC99 color-coding for audio uses ___ for the microphone port
pink
101
PC99 color-coding for audio uses ___ for line in like a stereo
blue
102
PC99 color-coding for audio uses ___ color is audio out for speakers and headphones
green
103
Still image, video, and webcams work on the same basic principal. A ___ ___ ___ (CCD) or ___ converts a visual input into a binary stream through an ___ ___ ___ (ADC). A significant difference is the way in which the camera transfers that image to the PC.
charged coupled device ,CMOS,analog-to-digital conversion
104
Older types of video cameras don't stream a digital signal. Instead, it sends an analog signal through RCA, S-video, network interfaces, or proprietary ports. In this case, the ADC takes place in a ___ ___ ___
video capture card.
105
___ devices combine an input device with an application that compares a unique pattern (retina, fingerprint, palm print, and so on) to a password.
Biometric
106
Computers should include powerful processor (high-end, six-core), high-end video (best available GPU from AMD or NVIDIA), and max¬imum RAM (16GB or more, depending on motherboard limitations, with a 64-bit operating system [Windows 7 Professional, Ultimate, and Enterprise support up to 192GB of RAM]).
Graphic/CAD CAM design workstation—
107
Specialized audio and video card. Large (2TB or larger) and fast (10,000-15,000RPM) hard drive, dual monitors (22-inch or larger).
Audio/video editing workstation
108
Maximum RAM (8GB to 16GB or more, depending on moth¬erboard limitations) and CPU cores (six cores or more).
Virtualization workstation
109
processor (high-end AMD or Intel with four cores or more), high- end video/specialized GPU (high-end AMD or Nvidia chipset with 2GB of RAM or more), better sound card with onboard signal processing, high-end cooling on CPU and GPU (add additional fans or consider liquid cooling).
Gaming PC—Powerful
110
audio (5.1, 7.1), HDMI output, HTPC compact form factor, TV tuner , BD drive
Home theater PC—Surround-sound
111
Desktop applications (Microsoft Office or compatible suite), meets recommended requirements for running Windows
Standard thick client
112
Basic applications (browser, Microsoft Office or compatible suite), meets minimum requirements for running Windows.
Thin client
113
Media streaming, file sharing, print sharing, gigabit MC connected to gigabit switch/router, SATA RAID array (preferably 10 or 0+1 for speed and data safety).
Home server PC
114
__ __-fiber-optic cable—Has a thin core (between 8 and 10 microns) designed to carry a single light ray long distances.
Single mode
115
___ ___--fiber-optic cable—Has a thicker core (62.5 microns) than single-mode; carries multiple light rays for short distances.
multimode
116
Fiber-optic connector type: __ uses square connectors
SC
117
Fiber-optic connector type: __ Uses round connectors
ST
118
Fiber-optic connector type: __ Uses round connector
FC
119
Category 5e and 6 have more twists compared to Category 5 to improve protection from __ and __ ___and to enable faster transmission.
crosstalk and line noise
120
Ethernet networks based on either type of TP cabling support a maximum distance of __meters. TIA/EIA standards allow for 90 m of horizontal run (in the walls, ceilings, and plenum). This leaves __m for patch cables (outside the walls).
100 ,90, 10
121
A __-__ ___ ____directly maps the pins on both ends of the cable. Pin 1 goes to pin 1, pin 2 to pin 2, and so on.
A straight-through patch cable
122
To create a crossover cable, wire one end to the __-_ standard, and the other end to the __-_ standard.
568-A , 568-B
123
___Mbps Ethernet used coaxial cables and connectors
10
124
Coaxial cabling creates a ___ topology; each end of the bus must be ___ , and if any part of the bus fails, the entire network fails.
bus, terminated
125
10Mbps Ethernet ___ used coaxial cable with a vampire tap (___ ) or ___ with a BNC
RG-8 , Thicknet, RG-58
126
Cable "F-connector" RG-59—Used in older cable TV or satellite TV installations; ___ resistance. Also used by the long-obsolete ___ LAN standard.
75ohm,ARCnet
127
Cable "F-connector" RG-6—Uses same connectors as RG-59, but has a larger ___ with ___ ___ ; used in cable TV/Internet, satellite TV/Internet, and fixed wireless Internet/TV service; 75ohm resistance.
diameter,superior shielding
128
IPv6 uses a ___ bit address, where¬as IPv4 uses only ___ bits,
128,32
129
TCP/IP v6 uses___ addressing,
hexadecimal
130
A ___ ___ is a number that the router uses to determine what part of the address is the name of the network and what part is the name of the host.
subnet mask
131
When a computer or device on a private network needs to connect to the Internet, a router or gateway makes the connection and uses a feature called ___ ___ ___ (__) to convert the private IP address into a public one. The conversion process happens in reverse when the information is relayed back to the requesting device on a private network.
Network Address Translation (NAT)
132
A DHCP server can be a routine running on a ___ or a feature of a router or gateway device.
server
133
___ ___ ___ (__)assigns an IPv4 address in the 169.254.x.x address range.
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA
134
In IPv6, the equivalent to an APIPA address is a ___ ___ ___ . IPv6 can be routed over ___
link-local address, IPv4
135
___ ___ ___ ___(__)is used to access and maintain distributed directo¬ries of information (directory services) such as the kind involved with Microsoft domains
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
136
___ ___ ___ ___(__)is used as the standard for managing and monitoring devices on your network. It manages routers, switches, and computers and is often incorporated in software known as a network management system (NMS).
Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
137
___ ___ ___ (__) protocol provides access to shared items such as files and printers.
The Server Message Blocks (SMB)
138
___ ___ ___ (__) allows data to be exchanged between computers on a secured channel This protocol offers a more secure replacement to FTP and Telnet. The Secure Shell server housing the data you want to access would have port 22 open
Secure Shell (SSH)
139
sessions are known as connection-oriented sessions. This means that every packet that is sent is checked for delivery. If the receiving computer doesn't receive a packet, it cannot assemble the message, and will ask the sending computer to transmit the packet again. No one packet is left behind
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
140
___ ___ ___ (__) sessions are known as ___ sessions. UDP is used in streaming media sessions. In these cases, if a packet is dropped, it is not asked for again.
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ,connectionless
