PR2 Pointers Flashcards
This uses numerical data to represent and explain a phenomenon it may (not) involve hypothesis testing. It involves statistics, probability, and mathematics
Quantitative Research
Which research uses the Retrospective view?
Quantitative Research
- Reality is static
- Not interested in changes
- You don’t have enough time
Retrospective view used in Quantitative Research
- Reality is dynamic
- Interested in changes
- You have plenty of time
Prospective view used in Qualitative Research
Which research uses the Prospective view?
Qualitative Research or Quasi
Types of Quantitative Research
- Descriptive
- Correlational
- Causal-comparative
- Experimental Research Design
Type of research that Aims to define the existing condition of a classified variable
Descriptive Research
Type of research that is designed to give “answers to the questions of who, what, when, where, and how which are linked with a research problem
Descriptive Research
Type of research that is applied only to describe what exists and to gather information about the current status of a certain phenomenon
Descriptive Research
Type of research that seeks to interpret the relationships between and among a number of facts
CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH
Type of research that tries to define the degree of relationship between two or more variables using statistical data
CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH
Type of research that its variables are identified only in a natural setting and not in a manipulated one
CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH
Correlation indicates the
strength and direction of a linear relationship between variables
Type of research that endeavors to ascertain cause-effect relationships among variables
CAUSAL-COMPARATIVE RESEARCH
Type of research that
seeks to interpret the relationships between and among a number of facts
CAUSAL-COMPARATIVE RESEARCH
Type of research that
distinguishes tendencies and patterns in data, but it does not go so far in its analysis to prove causes for these observed patterns
CAUSAL-COMPARATIVE RESEARCH
Experimental research in psychology applies what method
Scientific method
A psychologist can use experimental research to test a specific hypothesis by
measuring and manipulating variables
What type of research is this:
a. The psychologist randomly assigns some children to play a violent video game for 1 hour and other children to play a non-violent video game for 1 hour.
Experimental Research Design
A ____________ is defined as anything that has a quantity or quality that varies.
variable
Four TYPES of Variables
- Nominal
- Ordinal
- Interval;
- Ratio
A type of variable that is used to name, label or categorize attributes that are being measured. It takes qualitative values.
NOMINAL TYPE VARIABLE
This is the case when a person’s phone number, company identification number, postal code, etc. are being collected
NOMINAL TYPE VARIABLE
(Categories of Nominal Type Variable)
All the values of the nominal variable are paired up or group so that each member of a group has similar characteristics except for the variable under investigation
Matched category
(Categories of Nominal Type Variable) is an independent sample of unrelated group of data and unlike in the matched category, the values in a group do not necessarily have similar characteristics
Unmatched category
Type of variable
that represent categories that can be ordered from greatest to smallest. Examples include education level (e.g. Grade 10, Grade 11. Grade 12), income brackets, etc
Ordinal Type Variable
Ordinal variable is a type of measurement variable that takes values with?
an order or rank
Which type of variable is this?
How Satisfied are you?
-Very Satisfied
-Satisfied
-Dissatisfied
ORDINAL WITHOUT NUMERIC VALUE
Type of variable that have values that lie along an evenly dispersed range of numbers
Interval Type Variable
Unlike ordinal variables that take values with no standardized scale, every point in the interval scale is?
Equidistant
Which type of variables are these: Temperature, Mark Grading, Time, IQ Test
interval type variable
Type of variable that have values that lie along an evenly dispersed range of numbers when there is an absolute zero, as opposed to net worth, which can have negative debt-to-income ratio-level variable
Ratio Type variable
Ratio variable already has a _________ value
zero
5 kinds of Variables
- Independent
- Dependent
- Intervening/Mediating
- Control
- Confounding
Kind of variable that cause, influence, or affect outcomes. They are invariably called treatment, manipulated, antecedent or predictor variables
Independent-KIND Variable
Kind of a variable that stands alone and isn’t changed by the other variables you are trying to measure.
Independent-KIND Variable
Kind of variable that refers to the outcomes or results of the influence of the independent variable
Dependent-Kind Variable
Kind of variable that “stand between” the independent and dependent variables
Intervening/Mediating-Type Variable
An intervening variable is a __________ variable used to explain causal links between other variables
hypothetical
Kind of variable. They may be demographic or personal variables that need to be “manipulated” so that the true influence of the independent variable on the dependent can be determined
Control-kind Variable
Amount of light change is an example of what kind of variable
Control-kind Variable
Variables that are not actually measured or observed in a study
Confounding-Kind Variable
Funnel of ideas
- Theme
- Broad Topic
- Narrowing Topic
- Thesis title
Funnel of ideas (ideas generated as the possible research topic)
Theme
Funnel of ideas (where the ideas that you have generated in the theme is considered as current issue or the problem is existing)
BROAD TOPIC
Funnel of ideas (in which you are connecting the broad topic to your context/situation or may be a situation of people in your locality)
NARROWING TOPIC
Funnel of ideas (the proposed title you came up using the ideas from the THEME up to the NARROWING THE TOPIC STAGE).
THESIS TITLE
It is something that nurtures in a researcher’s mind like difficulty or uncertainty, enough to push a researcher to do an empirical study in which they opt to find solutions to a problem and to answer possible gaps they perceived based on curiosity
Research problem
Creswell (2014) Factors to consider
- Measures variables
- Assess the impact of these variables in an outcome
- Test theories or broad explanations
- Apply results to a large number of people
A standard research title should have the following elements
- Aim or purpose of the problem for the investigation.
- The subject matter or topic to be investigated.
- The place or locale where the research is to be conducted.
- Period of time study during which the data are to be gathered
- Population or people from whom the data are to be collected
SOP 1
Demographic profile (descriptive)
SOP 2
Subject Matter
SOP 3
Inferential Statistics - significance
SOP 4
Output
