PR2 Flashcards
it is an investigation done in a systematic manner to reveal a particular truth about a topic, phenomenon or reality.
quantitative research
systematic empirical investigation of social phenomena using tools of mathematics and statistics .
Quantitative Research
it is useful when we want to measure and looking for numerical answers
Quantitative Research
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
Measurement and Quantitative Research Problem
Empiricism and Positivism
Scientific Method in the Social Sciences
addressing research problems that require quantification. It is suitable for investigating human, social, behavioral, or organizational aspects that can be measured
Measurement and Quantitative Research Problem
aims to acquire scientific and objective knowledge and places value on numerical measures. It starts its investigation with a theory, conducts tests to validate it and performs additional tests.
positivism
believes that what cannot be observed using the five senses cannot be reasonably studied. This promotes objective investigation as it provides a common reference for evaluating data.
empiricism
Quantitative researchers believe that social science phenomena can be studied similarly to natural science phenomena.
Scientific Method in the Social Sciences
types of quantitative research
descriptive
correlational
causal-comparative
experimental
investigating, measuring, and describing one or more aspects of one or more groups, communities or phenomenon. It deals with complex subjects and it requires systematic research. It cant be easily answered by a simple research
descriptive research
this type of research studies the relationship between two or more variables or characteristics of one or more groups.
correlational research
high values of one variable correspond with high values of the other (corresponds to positive values)
positive correlation
high values of one variable correspond with low values of the other (corresponds to negative values)
negative correlation
the action of causing something . reason kung bakit nangyari ang isang bagay
causation
if there is a significant relationship between two variables, it does not follow that one variable causes the other.
Correlation does not mean Causation
This research approach compares one or more measurable characteristics of two or more groups to find their similarities and differences
Causal – Comparative Research
It is known as longitudinal or repeated measures studies. It uses the scientific method to establish the cause-effect relationship among a group of variables that make up a study.
Experimental Research
This design requires two groups of equivalent standing and terms of criterion measure – a control group and an experimental group.
Pre-test/Post-test Control Group Design
It is utilized to a limited number of subjects.
Single Group Pre-test/Post-test Design
These are mental abstractions derived from the combination of concepts, or the mental representation of the world around you.
constructs
These refer to one or more observable and measurable characteristics or attributes of people, groups, or communities that take on different values.
variables
These are variables that cause changes in a phenomenon. t is also called as the treatment, manipulated or predictor variables.
independent variables
these are the variables affected by the independent variables. is also referred to as outcome or response variable.
dependent variables
these variables are usually indicated in an experimental research. They are not included in the study but in one way or another causes effect on the dependent variable. any variable that you’re not investigating that can potentially affect the dependent variable of your research study.
EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES
