Pr1 Flashcards
is a statement about an area of concern, a condition to be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling question that exists in scholarly literature, in theory, or in practice that points to the need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation.
research problem
is a question that a study or research project aims to answer. This question often addresses an issue or a problem, which, through analysis and interpretation of data, is answered in the study’s conclusion.
research question
questions may concern broad areas of research or more specific areas of study.
Qualitative research
questions seek to describe the nature of what already exists.
Contextual research
questions attempt to describe a phenomenon.
Descriptive research
questions aim to produce knowledge that allows for engagement in social action, especially for the benefit of disadvantaged people.
Emancipatory research
questions are used in research that aims to advance specific ideologies of a position.
Ideological research
questions assess the effectiveness of existing methods or paradigms.
Evaluative research
questions seek to expound on a phenomenon or examine reasons for and associations between what exists.
Explanatory research
questions investigate little-known areas of a particular topic.
Exploratory research
aim to provide new ideas for the development of theories and actions.
Generative research question
contains the fewest possible words that adequately describe the contents and/or purpose of a research paper.
good title
summarizes the main idea or ideas of a study.
research title
define and elaborate using methods of paragraph development like classification and giving examples
TOPIC or subject matter
cite the role that the topic plays in your life and the benefits you derive from it.
IMPORTANCE of the Topic
emphasized what motivated you to choose the topic.
REASONS for Choosing the topic:
discusses the objective of the study.
PURPOSE of the Study
consists of statements on what led the investigator to launch the study.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
is used in research work as claim that outlines the problem addressed by a study.
statement of the problem
is the overall purpose of your research. It is generally written in the infinitive form:
research aim
are the concrete steps you will take to achieve the aim:
Qualitative methods will be used to identify…
This work will use surveys to collect…
Using statistical analysis, the research will measure…
research objectives
is an assumption, or an idea proposed for the sake of argument so that it can be tested.
Hypothesis
is a statement that introduces a research question and proposes an expected result
Research hypothesis
It predicts the relationship between a single dependent variable and a single independent variable.
Simple Hypothesis
It predicts the relationship between two or more independent and dependent variables.
complex hypothesis
It specifies the expected direction to be followed to determine the relationship between variables and is derived from theory. Furthermore, it implies the researcher’s intellectual commitment to a particular outcome.
directional hypothesis
It does not predict the exact direction or nature of the relationship between the two variables. The non-directional hypothesis is used when there is no theory involved or when findings contradict previous research.
non directional hypothesis
defines interdependency between variables. A change in one variable results in the change of the other variable.
associative hypothesis
states a negative statement to support the researcher’s findings that there is no relationship between two variables. There will be no changes in the dependent variable due the manipulation of the independent variable. Furthermore, it states results are due to chance and are not significant in terms of supporting the idea being investigated.
null hypothesis
It states that there is a relationship between the two variables of the study and that the results are significant to the research topic.
alternative hypothesis
sets boundaries and parameters of the problem and narrows down the scope of the inquiry.
The scope and delimitation
concepts and variables you have explored in your study
“Scope”
the “boundaries” of your study’s scope. It sets apart the things included in your analysis from those that are excluded.
“Delimitation”
proposes an effect on the dependent due to manipulation of the independent variable.
causal hypothesis
