PQ Flashcards
What are the Special commissions?
Code commission
Scientific comission
Laboratories comission
Aquatic animals comission
Duties of the OIE
a) To inform governments about the occurrence & course of diseases of animals throughout the world & ways of controlling these diseases
b) To provide co-ordination at the international level for studies devoted to the surveillance & control of diseases of animals
c) To examine regulations for trade in animals & products of animal origin, with a view to harmonizing such regulation among member countries
d) To give priority to the welfare of animals used in agriculture & aquaculture & to identify animal welfare research e.g. transport
List A?
meant the list of transmissible diseases which have the:
o potential for serious & rapid spread, irrespective of national boarders, which are of
o serious socio-economic or public health consequence & which are of major importance in the international trade of animals & animal products e.g. FMD, CSF, ASF, avian influenza etc.
o Control: Stamp out policy = remove huge no. of animals
List B?
meant the list of transmissible diseases which are considered to be of socio-economic &/or public health importance within countries & which are significant in the international trade of animals & animal products
o Spread of these diseases is not as rapid as list A
o Serious loss in production of animals/zoonosis
o Control: eradication program = obligatory/optional
GATT agreement
- to reduce to a minimum the negative effects of health barriers on international trade
- international animal health measures, guidelines and recommendation will be deemed necessary for the protection of human and animal life and health and considered to be in accordance with the sps agreement
OIE has been chosen by GATT as the reference international organisation for problems of animal health encountered in international trade in animals and animal products
if scientific or technical questions are raised in connection with an animal health dispute, the WTO panel responsible for settling the dispute will be able to consult the OIE
the role of the WHO in public health?
o Providing leadership on matters critical to health & engaging in partnerships where joint action is needed
o Shaping the research agenda & stimulating the generation, translation & dissemination of valuable knowledge
o Settling norms & standards & promoting & monitoring their
implementation
o Articulating ethical & evidence-based policy options
o Providing technical support, catalysing change & building sustainable institutional capacity &
o Monitoring the health situation & assessing health trends
Regulations of the EU
directly applied without the need for national measures to implement them;
Directives of the EU
bind Member States as to the objectives to be achieved while leaving the national authorities the power to choose the form and the means to be used;
Decisions of the EU
are binding in all their aspects upon those to whom they are addressed. A decision may be addressed to any or all Member States, to undertakings or to individuals
Powers of the European Parliament
- Legislative power
- Power over the budget
- Supervision of the executive
European commission tasks?
- 28 commissioners: one from each EU country
- 1) Propose new legislation
- 2) Executive organ
- 3) Treaty guardian
- 4) Represents EU on international stage
Which organisations are active in animal welfare?
Council of Europe
World Organization for Animal Health
World Trade Organization
European Union
What are the five freedoms?
- Freedom from hunger and thirst -access to fresh water and a diet for full health and vigour,
• 2. Freedom from discomfort -an appropriate environment with shelter and comfortable rest area,
• 3. Freedom from pain, injury and disease -prevention or rapid treatment,
• 4. Freedom to express normal behaviour -adequate space and facilities, company of the animal’s own kind,
• 5. Freedom from fear and distress -conditions and treatment which avoid mental sufferings.
What are the three R?
Reduction
Refinement
Replacement
What is a forbidden surgical intervention?
Surgical operations for the purpose of modifying the appearance of a pet animal or for other non-curative purposes shall be prohibited and, in particular:
o The docking of tails (Hungary: until the age of 7 days in certain breeds);
o The cropping of ears;
o Devocalisation;
o Declawing and defanging
Which methods of killing a pet are prohibited?
o Drowning and other methods of suffocation if they do not produce immediate loss of consciousness and death;
o The use of any poisonous substance or drug, the dose and application of which cannot be controlled so as to give the effect mentioned above;
o Electrocution unless preceded by immediate induction of loss of consciousness
When would stunning not be obligatory?
invertebrate animals, to poultry and rabbits slaughtered for home consumption (must be stunned at the slaughter house), and in cases where killing of the animal is necessary due to an emergency situation (e.g. if attacked by ananimal
killing methods for farm animals
Animals shall be spared any avoidable excitement, pain, or suffering during movement ,restraint, stunning, slaughter and killing Methods: • Decapitation • Dislocation of neck • Vacuum chamber • Free bullet • CO2 exposure • Electrocution
What are the rules for the surgical intervention of piglets?
Surgical intervention (should prioritise to prevent behavioural issues): Tail docking or reduction of corner teeth: not routinely, only when there is evidence of injuries; tooth clipping: within 7 days of birth o If practised, the castration of male pigs or tail-docking after 7 days of age: only under anaesthetic and additional prolonged analgesia by a veterinarian
What are the rules for weaning of piglets?
Weaning: not less than 4 weeks of age, unless the welfare or health of the dam or piglets would be otherwise adversely affected
• Max 7 days earlier if specialised housing
What are the rules for feeding of calves?
Appropriate diet with sufficient iron (Hb 4.5 mmol/l) and a minimum of dried feed containing digestible fibre (50-250 g daily: 8-20 weeks of age
Why is the specifi enriched cage important? What are the standards for an enriched cage?
most important words: nest, litter, perches, claw shortening device
At least 750 cm2 of cage area for each laying hens (600 cm2: usable) A4 paper… o Cage: at least 2000 cm2 o Nest o Litter: pecking and scratching o Perches o Feed trough: 12 cm/ laying hen o Drinking system; 2 nipple drinkers or 2 drinking cups: within reach o Aisle: min. width of 90 cm o Claw-shortening device
planning obligations for the transport of animals? / long journey
• No person shall contract or subcontract the transport of animals except to authorised transporters. For long journeys between Member States and with third countries for domestic equids other than registered equids, and domestic animals of bovine, ovine,
caprine and porcine species, transporters and organisers shall comply with the provisions on the journey log
authorised methods of stunning
o Captive bolt pistol
o Percussive blow to the head
o Electronarcosis: pigs and poultry
o Exposure to carbon dioxide
animals for experiments:
• Live non-human vertebrate animals, including: independently feeding larval forms; & foetal forms of mammals as from the last 3rd of their normal development
• Live cephalopods
- animals for experiments (??????)
question was: non-laboratory animals for experiments, ?
When are animal experiments not allowed?
No license may be granted for experiments proposed for the purposes of manufacture of cosmetics, tobacco, other consumer goods, weapons and their components, and ammunition
Which animals are unfit for transport?
They are PIGS of less than 3 weeks, LAMBS of less than 1 week and CALVES of less than 10 days of age, unless they are transported less than 100 km;
o They are DOGS and CATS of less than 8 weeks of age, unless they are accompanied by their mother; if moved for economic activity (check above again) (some restrict
using the rabies vaccine which is first given at 3 months, and wait 3 weeks after)
o They are cervine animals in velvet.
When do the transport conditions not apply to equidae?
if the purpose of the journeys is to IMPROVE the health and welfare conditions of birth, or for newly born foals with their registered mares, provided that in both cases the animals are permanently accompanied by an attendant, dedicated to them during the journey
What is the definition of a long journey?
a journey that exceeds 8 hours starting from when the first animal of the consignment is moved (if the vehicle fits the conditions needed)
What is the maximum non extendible journey time for transport?
eight hours for the transport of animals destined for slaughter, where the transport is carried out exclusively from a place of departure to a place of destination both situated on their own territory
When do we use a journey log
For long journeys between Member states and within third countries for domestic equidae other than registered equidae and domestic bovine, ovine, caprine, and porcine species.
Maximum journey time for farm animals
Journey time shall not exceed 8 hours
The maximum journey time may be expended if special requirements are met:
• Unweaned animals ( foals, piglets, lambs, kids, still on milk diet)= 9 hours, 1 hour rest and another 9 hours
• Pig= Max 24 hours with continuous excess to water
• Equine: Max 24 hours , give water and feed every 8 hours
• Other animals= 14 hours, than stop for 1 hour for feeding and access to water. After that may be transported another 14 hours
The carcass of which species belong to category 1?
- All body parts, including hides and skins, of the following animals:
o a) animals suspected of being infected by a TSE or in which the presence of a TSE has been officially confirmed (in farm/group that was confirmed – same pasture/progeny – no protein of mammalian origin fed to them!)
o b) animals killed in the context of TSE eradication measures,
o c) animals other than farmed animals and wild animals, including in particular pet animals, zoo animals and circus animals,
o d) experimental animals and
o e) wild animals, when suspected of being infected with diseases communicable to humans or animals;
What else belongs into category 1? (other then carcasses)
specified risk material (SRM), and b) where, at the time of disposal, specified risk material has not been removed, entire bodies of dead animals containing specified risk material;
& any products that will contain toxic substances
The carcass of which species belong to category 2?
- Animals and parts of animals, other than those referred to category 1, that die other than by being slaughtered for human consumption, including animals killed to eradicate an epizootic disease
Which products belong to category 2?
Manure, waste water, residues of veterinary drugs
The carcass of which species belong to category 3?
o a) Carcases or bodies and parts of animals which are rejected as unfit for human consumption in accordance with Community legislation, but which did not show any signs of disease communicable to humans or animals
o b) Heads of poultry
o c) Hides and skins, including trimmings and splitting thereof, horns and feet, including the phalanges and the carpus and metacarpus bones, tarsus and metatarsus bones, of animals, other than ruminants requiring TSE testing, and ruminants which have been tested with a negative result
o d) Pig bristles;
o e) Feathers;
Major causes of Desinfection failure
1) Over-dilution of disinfectant during pre-mixing or application (hypochlorite
needs 3%/4%, commercial is 9%)
o 2) Incomplete or inadequate cleaning
o 3) Poor disinfectant penetration or coverage
o 4) Insufficient contact time on surfaces
o 5) Inadequate temperature and humidity while the material is being applied
