PPT.1 Flashcards
1
Q
house fly
A
Musca domestica
2
Q
face fly
A
Musca autumnalis
3
Q
stable fly, biting house fly
A
Stomoxys calcitrans
4
Q
horn fly
A
Haematobia irritans
5
Q
what is used for Identification of Diptera (flies)
A
size of fly
mouthparts
location on animal or host
location of eggs
6
Q
Life cycle of Diptera
A
E-L-P-A ( Egg-Larvae(3)-Puparium-adult)
7
Q
Musca domestica hosts?
A
domestic animals and humans
8
Q
what insect is this? adults 5.5-7.5mm light to dark grey sticky hairs on pads of legs mouthparts fleshy adapted to sponging
A
Musca domestica
9
Q
face fly
A
Musca autumnalis
10
Q
eggs laid in feces or rotting organic material
A
Musca autumnalis
11
Q
site of infestation: animal secretions and wounds
A
Musca autumnalis
12
Q
pathogenesis and lesions:
annoyance
mechanical vector of viruses, bacteria, helminths, protozoa
biological vector of habronema and draschia megastoma
A
musca autumnalis
13
Q
clinical signs:
annoyance can interfere with grazing
annoyance can result in a drop in performance
can result in eye disorders or conjunctivitis
A
Musca autumnalis
14
Q
stable fly, biting house fly
A
stomoxys calcitrans
15
Q
hosts: most animals and humans
A
stomoxys calcitrans
16
Q
adults 5.5-7.5mm
mouthparts rigid, conspicuous and forward projecting
sits on walls head up
A
stomoxys calcitrans
17
Q
life cycle:
feeds on blood
require 3 minutes to finish its blood meal
females lay eggs on decaying matter such as damp hay
A
stomoxys calcitrans
18
Q
pathogenesis and lesions:
attack animals, transmit disease organisms
A
stomoxys calcitrans
19
Q
Clinical signs:
increased head and ear movement
skin twitches and tail swishes
A
stomoxys calcitrans
20
Q
treatment and prevention: screens sanitation; reduce breeding sites various insecticides treat horse and environment Do not treat compost
A
stomoxys calcitrans
musca autumnalis
21
Q
horn fly
A
Haematobia irritans
22
Q
host: cattle identification: adults 4mm smallest of bloodsucking muscids distinguish from stable fly being 1/2 size and shorter proboscis
A
Haematobia irritans
23
Q
Life cycle: remain on host except when females lay eggs in fresh feces
overwinter( diapause, pupa)
A
Haematobia irritans
24
Q
site of infestation:
back in swarm
abdomen when raining
cluster around horns when not feeding
A
Haematobia irritans
25
```
Pathogenesis,lesions,clinical signs:
feed in thousands
causes intense irritation
impair milk production and weight gains
transmit cattle helminths
more than 200 flies leads to economic losses
```
Haematobia irritans
26
Treatment and prevention:
apply to host since fly remains on host most of time
insecticide resistance
Haematobia irritans
27
family ceratopogonidae
Culicoides
28
family muscidae
Musca domestica
Musca autumnalis
Stomoxys calcitrans
Haematobia irritans
29
only females take blood meals
culicoides
30
biting midges, "no-see-ums"
culicoides
31
```
hosts:
all domestic animals and humans
id:
1.5-5.0mm long
mottled wings, short piercing proboscis, antenna long and slender
```
Culicoides
32
site of infestation: general
pathogenesis and lesions:
annoyance
transmits protozoa, helminths(onchocerca) and viruses
culicoides
33
Clinical signs:
pain inflicted outweighs size of fly
allergic reaction in some horses
culicoides
34
```
diagnosis: fly identification
treatment and prevention:
decrease standing water
avoid marshy pastures
treat horses: repellents, insecticides
```
culicoides
35
What do all adult flies have in common?
nuisance
36
where do the larvae of stomoxys calcitrans develop?
damp hay or similar decaying organic matter
37
where does Haematobia irritans lay its eggs?
fresh cattle manure
38
(Diptera) Insects that belong to family Tabanidae ?
Tabanus
| Chrysops
39
horse fly
Tabanus
40
hosts:
| large domestic or wild animals, humans, small mammals, birds
Tabanus
41
Identification:
stout bodied fly 10-25mm
Mouthparts slashing and sponging
Tabanus
42
What fly has a very painful bite where they cut a wound first and then sponge the blood?
Tabanus
43
```
what insect is this?
pathogenesis and lesions:
painful bites
efficient mechanical vectors of several diseases
clinical signs: annoyance
```
Tabanus
44
Deer fly
Chrysops
45
```
identification:
dark bands across wings
elongate antennae
bite horses in shaded areas
horses will stand in sun to avoid
all other aspects like tabanus spp :
{stout bodies fly 10-25mm
mouthparts slashing and sponging}
```
Chrysops
46
what is the difference between the horse fly and deer fly when it comes to Identification?
( chrysops)deer flies have dark bands across wing and they bite horses in shaded areas while (tabanus)horse fly doesn't.
47
Diagnosis:
| which of the tabanids prefer the shade?
Chrysops
48
Treatment and prevention:
cannot control via breeding sites because diffuse and difficult to detect
control in housing and on animals( repellents, insecticides)
Tabanids:
Tabanus(horse fly)
chrysops (deer fly)
49
Diptera(fly) that belongs to family Hippoboscidae?
Melophagus ovinus
50
```
host: sheep
Identification:
Flattened, hairy wingless dipteran
blood sucking mouthparts
site of infestation: wool
```
Melophagus ovinus
51
Life cycle:
| female produces one egg which hatches inside her body
Melophagus ovinus
52
```
Life cycle:
Third instar adheres to fleece.
immobile instars pupate(3-4mm)
and visible on fleece
adults emerge in 3wk in summer, longer in winter
( approx. 6wks)
(whole life cycle on host)
```
Melophagus ovinus
53
The infestation of living animals with larvae of dipteran flies
Myiasis
54
(Myiasis)
| Facultative
optional ( calliphorids)
55
(Myiasis)
| Obligatory
Can not survive without host ( oestrids)
56
another name for cutaneous myiasis?
" fly strike"
57
maggots causing fly strike belong to which family?
Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae
58
Fly strike is caused by the larvae or adults?
LARVAE
59
Fly worry is caused by the larvae or adults?
ADULTS
60
The blow flies
Calliphoridae
61
Calliphoridae include....
the new world screwworm and the old world screwworm
62
Flesh flies
Sarcophagidae
63
what flies belong to the family Oestridae?
Cuterebra
Hypoderma
Oestrus
64
what flies adults are large hairy flies, have nonfunctional mouthparts and are short-lived? from which family are they?
family oestridae
cuterebra
hypoderma
oestrus
65
flies who sole job is to reproduce and lay eggs and then they die? from what family?
Family Oestridae
Cuterebra
hypoderma
oestrus
66
what larvae are obligatory parasites and host specific?
Cuterebra, hypoderma and oestrus from family oestridae?
67
Rodent or rabbit bot fly
| new world skin bot flies
Cuterebra
68
Hosts:
RODENTS, RABBITS,
squirrels, chipmunks,mice,dogs,cats. ZOONOTIC!
Cuterebra
69
what is the diptera or fly that is identified by third stage instar and season, most commonly found in spring and summer?
Cuterebra
70
Adult bot fly(20-30mm) with vestigial mouthparts. 3rd stage instar is dark brown and covered with black spines.
Cuterebra
71
what fly the pupae stage is not found on host and is found on the ground?
Cuterebra
72
what fly life cycle is like this?
the final host ingest the eggs, develop to 1st instar and migrate to subcutis develop to 3rd instar, when it matures it drops to the ground and pupates then the adult emerges.
Cuterebra
73
Site of infestation:
| subcutaneous connective tissue, can locate in nasal and oral regions and migrate to the brain
Cuterebra
74
Pathogenesis and lesions:
| fibrotic cyst forms from instar in subcutaneous tissue. instar in brain of cat can lead to infarction.
Cuterebra
75
Clinical signs:
| Lump in neck, fur constantly wet, hole drips fluid
Cuterebra
76
Diagnosis:
Instar can be removed whole( carefully because if liquid is squished out of mature instar then it will cause a reaction)
Type 1 hypersensitivity type reaction
wound heals slowly
Cuterebra
77
common name-adults:
warble fly, heel fly
ox warble
Hypoderma
78
common name-instar:
| cattle grub
Hypoderma
79
Host: cattle
identification: typical oestrid
Hypoderma
80
in both species of this fly the instar will overwinter inside the animal and will only migrate to subcutaneous in spring after winter has passed. what are the species?
Hypoderma lineatum and hypoderma bovis
81
Life cycle: over winter as 1st instar
| which fly accumulates in submucosa of esophagus?
Hypoderma lineatum
82
Life cycle: over winter as 1st instar
| which fly accumulates in epidural fat of spinal cord?
Hypoderma bovis
83
life cycle:
| which fly is laid in lines of 6 or more on lower limb; active beginning of summer?
Hypoderma lineatum
84
Life cycle:
| which fly their eggs are laid singly, and is active in late summer?
Hypoderma bovis
85
site of infestation:
| 3rd stage instars found in lumps(warbles) on backs of cattle in spring
Hypoderma spp.
86
Pathogenesis and lesions:
| 3rd stage larvae under skin cause damage and downgrade carcass; economic loss
Hypoderma spp.
87
what species of hypoderma causing bloating because of the death of the arrested larvae or instar?
H. lineatum
88
what species of hypoderma cause paraplegia because of the toxins it releases when it dies in its arrested stage in the animal?
H. bovis
89
Clinical signs:
faulty regurgitation, bloat
paraplegia
Hypoderma spp.
90
what is the treatment and prevention for hypoderma spp.?
MCLs kill early stages and timing before they get to their arrested stages in the winter ya sea el esophagus or spinal cord
91
sheep nasal bot
| warble fly of sheep
Oestrus ovis
92
```
what fly is this?
Host: sheep, goats, llamas, humans( generally speaking they don't further develop on humans)
Identification:
adults 1cm long
nasal bots 3 cm long, yellowish white
```
Oestrus ovis
93
it has bee like appearance and lack of mouthparts what fly is it?
Oestrus ovis
94
what fly is it?
Life Cycle:
female deposits 1st stage installs into nostrils of sheep during flight
overwinter stage(2wk-9months)
developing bots feed on mucus, cause irritation
Oestrus ovis
95
In frontal sinuses develop to 2nd and 3rd stage instars what fly is it?
Oestrus ovis
96
```
Life cycle:
Reach 3rd instar stage(3wk-several months) before sneezed out to pupate(4-7wk)
adults emerge, female survive for 2 wk,
depositing 500 instars
what fly is this?
```
oestrus ovis
97
Pathogenesis and lesions/clinical signs:
Instars irritate with hooks an spines and excessive secretion(snotty nose)
bacterial infection common
to avoid attacks animals expend much energy and lose condition and weight
oestrus ovis
98
Copious nasal discharge ( snotty nose)
| what fly?
Oestrus ovis
99
Pathogenesis and lesions/clinical signs:
Aberrant migration through soft pallet may enter brain cavity but is relatively rare
humans can become infected in the eye or lip but does not develop further
what fly is it?
Oestrus ovis
100
What is the treatment for oestrus Ovis?
MCLs at beginning of summer and again midwinter
101
what flies(diptera) are in the family gasterophiliidae?
Gasterophilus spp.
- intestinalis
- nasalis
102
what is gasterophilus app. common name?
Bot fly larvae
| Bot fly
103
fly that is Host specific for horses?
Gasterophilus spp.
104
How can you differentiate G. intestinalis form G. nasalis?
differentiate based on color and spines.
105
what fly is this? be species specific!
Life cycle:
egg hatches to 1st stage instar when licked( this eggs are more laid on the legs); attached to tongue/lips
in oral cavity 1st to 2nd stage instar, swallowed; develop 3rd stage instar ( site specific); live up to 12 months
spring pass in feces, pupate
3-9wk adult fly
Gasterophilus intestinalis
106
which fly is this? be species specific!
Life cycle:
Egg hatches to 1st stage instar spontaneously; crawls into mouth, these eggs are more laid close to mouth.
In oral cavity 1st to 2nd stage instar
swallowed; developed 3rd stage instar (site specific); live up to 12 months
spring pass in feces, pupate
3-9wk adult fly
Gasterophilus nasalis
107
what fly is this?( species specific)
Eggs on forelegs and shoulder
3rd stage instars in non-glandular part of stomach and cardiac region
Gasterophilus intestinalis
108
what fly is this?(species specific)
Eggs on intermandibular space
3rd stage instars attach around pylorus and duodenum
Gasterophilus nasalis
109
Name the bot flies?
Gasterophilus intestinalis
| gasterophilus nasalis
110
what is the color of gasterophilus intestinalis in fresh feces?
Red
111
what is the color of gasterophilus nasalis in fresh feces?
yellow
112
how many rows of spines G. intestinalis have?
2
113
how many rows of spines G. nasalis have?
1
114
site of eggs laid :
forelegs and shoulders
what bot fly is this?
G. intestinalis
115
site of eggs laid:
intermandibular spaces
what bot fly is this?
G. nasalis
116
site of infestation of 3rd instar: stomach
| what type of bot fly is this?
G. intestinalis
117
site of infestation of 3rd instar: small intestine
G.nasalis
118
```
what bot fly is this?
Pathogenesis and lesions:
adult flies an annoyance
attached instars can provoke an inflammatory reaction
clinical signs: fly worry
```
Gasterophilus spp.
119
what bot flies is this?
diagnosis:
differentiate based on color, spines, and location in host
seen during gastroscopy
Gatserophilus spp.
120
what bot fly is this?
treatment and prevention:
manual removal of eggs
endoparasiticides for instar stages
Gasterophilus spp.
121
The larvae of hypoderma lineatum overwinter within the loose connective tissue of the submucosa of the caudal one third of the esophagus. where do the larvae of hypoderma bovis overwinter?
epidural adipose tissue between the dura mater and periosteum, near the first lumbar vertebra.
122
which fly causes snotty nose of sheep and goats?
Oestrus ovis
123
Fly that spends whole life cycle on host and may be mistaken as a tick?
Melophagus ovinus
124
which diptera(fly) belong to the family calliphoridae?
Cochliomyia hominivorax
125
what is the common name of cochliomyia hominivorax?
screwworm
126
```
Which fly is this?
Hosts:livestock
identification:
10mm, bluish green flies
three stripes on thorax
orange brown eyes
```
cochliomyia hominivorax
127
which fly is this?
Life cycle:
larvae feed invasively on living tissue
adult females mate only once in entire life
Cochliomyia hominivorax
128
which fly lay their eggs on fresh uninffected wounds?
Cochliomyia hominivorax
129
```
which fly is this?
pathogenesis, lesions, clinical signs:
wounds attract female flies
causes blowfly strike
foul smelling lesion
rapidly leads to death of host
```
cochliomyia hominivorax
130
```
Diagnosis:
recognition of maggots in lesions
must report to vet authorities immediately
place diptera larvae in alcohol
which fly is this?
```
cochliomyia hominivorax
131
which fly is this?
Treatment and prevention:
treat wounds
releasing sterile males
cochliomyia hominivorax
132
which fly is this?
Recent development:
Date of start of the outbreak: 13 July 2016
affected population: key deer from a wildlife refuge in big pine key, Florida
more than 30 years that the last occurrence of this fly was reported.
cochliomyia homninivorax
133
The common name of sarcophagidae?
flesh flies
134
```
what fly is this?
Host: any animal
identification:
adults 2x the size of houseflies
instars larger than houseflies
```
Flesh flies
135
what fly is this?
Life cycle:
Lay 1st stage instars in sores, wounds, necrotic tissue, wool soiled with feces or urine
develop to 3rd stage instars and leave host to pupate
Pupae overwintering stage
site of infestation:
skin, wool
Sacrophagidae
136
```
what fly is this?
Treatment and prevention:
Prevent situations that attract flies by
-sanitation
-improved husbandry
-tail docking
Treat wounds immediately
```
Sacrophagidae
137
What are the Pthiraptera insects?
Lice
138
what is the life cycle of Pthiraptera(lice)?
E-N-N-N-A
| They spend their whole lifecycle on host and are host specific.
139
what 2 suborders are included in Pthiraptera (lice)?
Ischnocera( Mallophaga)
| Anoplura
140
what suborder are the biting, chewing lice?
Ischnocera
141
what type of lice( suborder) has the mandible mouthpart bigger than the thorax?
Ischnocera
142
what type of lice is this?(suborder)
FEED ON SKIN, HAIR, FEATHERS, OTHER ORGANIC MATERIAL
3MM, YELLOW
Rapid movement to move over skin and covering
often bird lice
Ischnocera ( Mallophaga)
143
what lice are included in the suborder Ischnocera?
Trichodectes canis
felicola subrostratus
damalinia bovis
Damalinia ovis
144
what is the common name of Trichodectes Canis?
Dog biting louse or canine chewing louse
145
what lice is this?
Host: dog
id:
yellowish color, biting/chewing mouthparts, active louse, adults 2mm
Trichodectes canis
146
what lice is this?
Life cycle: female lays eggs. develop to nymphs and adults. Require host to complete life cycle.
if you comb the eggs off they won't be able to finish their life cycle.
Trichodectes canis
