PPT's Summary Flashcards
Gen. P6 2
1
Q
- Rubbing transfers charges between
materials. - Ancient Greeks discovered static electricity
through amber and cloth rubbing
A
Static Electricity & Electric Charge
2
Q
- Matter: atoms with electrons, protons, and
neutrons. - Excess electrons = negative charge;
excess protons = positive charge.
A
Structure of Matter
3
Q
- Gain or loss of electrons/protons.
- Encountered in redox reactions (e.g.,
General Biology 1).
A
Ionization
4
Q
- Total electric charge in a closed system
remains constant.
A
Principle of Conservation of Charge
5
Q
- Conductors permit charge transfer;
insulators do not. - Conductors facilitate electrocution.
A
Conductors & Insulators
6
Q
- Charge transfer via direct contact.
- Results in permanent charge distribution
due to electron transfer.
A
Charging by Conduction
7
Q
- Charge induced in a neutral object without
direct contact. - Results in temporary charge distribution.
A
Charging by Induction
8
Q
- Electric force between two point charges
proportional to product of charges, inversely
proportional to square of distance between
them.
A
Coulomb’s Law
9
Q
- Vector quantity acting along the line
between two charges. - Magnitude governed by Coulomb’s Law
A
Electric Force
10
Q
- Area of electrical influence around a
charged object. - Measured in newtons per coulomb (N/C).
- Represented by field lines indicating
direction and strength.
A
Electric Field
11
Q
- Magnitude of electrostatic force between
point charges ( q_1 ) and ( q_2 )
separated by distance ( r ).
A
Coulomb’s Law
12
Q
- Lines represent field direction.
- Spacing indicates field strength.
- Arrows denote direction a positive charge
would move.
A
Drawing Electric Fields
13
Q
- Represents electric field passing through a
surface.
A
Electric Flux
14
Q
- Relates electric flux through a closed
surface to total charge enclosed.
A
Gauss’ Law
15
Q
- Dielectrics function as insulators, e.g., paper or
plastic between capacitor plates. - Capacitance depends on the dielectric
constant, influencing the mathematical
representation of capacitors.
A
Dielectrics
16
Q
- Stored energy is electrical potential energy.
A
Energy Stored in a Capacitor
17
Q
- Capacitors connected in series reduce total
capacitance
A
Capacitors in Series
18
Q
- Capacitors in parallel increase total
capacitance.
A
Capacitors in Parallel
19
Q
- Electricity involves the movement of electrons,
creating charge. - Three key principles: Voltage, Current, and
Resistance.
A
Electricity
20
Q
- Represents potential energy difference
between two points in a circuit. - Unit: Volt (V).
A
Voltage
21
Q
- Amount of charge passing per unit time.
- Unit: Ampere (A).
A
Current
22
Q
- Represents difficulty for current to pass through
a circuit. - Unit: Ohm (Ω).
A
Resistance
23
Q
- Total resistance in series is the sum of
individual resistances.
A
Resistors in Series
24
Q
- Total resistance in parallel is the reciprocal of
the sum of reciprocals of individual resistances.
A
Resistors in Parallel
25
Q
- Circuits can have combinations of series and
parallel resistors.
A
Combining Series and Parallel
26
Q
- Total current entering or leaving a
junction/node is zero, following the conservation
of charge.
A
Kirchhoff’s Current Law
27
Q
- Total voltage around a closed loop equals the
sum of voltage drops within the loop, adhering to
the conservation of energy.
A
Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law
