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GEN ANA LEC VALENTIN > ppt > Flashcards

ppt Flashcards

1
Q

toward the TOP
of the brain or the BACK of the spinal cord

A

DORSAL

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2
Q

toward the BOTTOM
of the brain or the FRONT of the spinal cord

A

VENTRAL

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3
Q

toward the FRONT
of the brain or the TOP of the spinal cord

A

ROSTRAL

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4
Q

Towards the BACK of the brain or the BOTTOM of the spinal cord

A

CAUDAL

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5
Q

composed of highly folded collection of gray matter on the surface of the brain

few millimeters of the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres

billions of neurons occupy the cortical areas of the brain

A

cortex

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6
Q

supporting cells specialized neurons

provide structural and metabolic support to the neurons

provide insulation guidance of development of neurons

with only 1type of process

A

glial cells or neuroglia

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7
Q

located in the PNS
surround the nerve cell bodies of ganglia

A

satellite cells

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8
Q

located in the central nervous system responsible for phagocytosis to remove waste

A

microglia

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9
Q

located in the peripheral nervous system responsible for axon myelination in the PNS

A

Schwann cells

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10
Q

enclosed bundles of the long fibers (axons), that connect the CNS to every other part of the body

Types:

Sensory (Afferent) nerves
Motor (Efferent) nerves
Mixed (both Afferent and Efferent in one) nerves

A

nerves

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11
Q

Primary vesicle
Prosencephalon (forebrain)

Secondary vesicle
Telencephalon
Diencephalon

Neural derivatives
Cerebral hernispheres
Thalarnus, hypothalamus, retina, other structures
Midbrain

Cavity
Laferal ventricles
Third ventricle

A

prosencephalon

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12
Q

primary vesicle
mesoncephslon

A

secondary
mesoncephalon

neural derivatives
midbrain

cavity
cerebral aqueduct

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13
Q

primary vesicle
rhombencephalon

A

secondary vesicle
metencephalon
myelencephalon

neural derivatives
pons
cerebellum
medulla

cavity
part of fourth ventricle
part of fourth ventricle, part of central canal

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14
Q

main regions of the brain

A

cerebrum
brainstem
cerebellum

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15
Q

constitutes the major part of the brain.

occupies the anterior and middle cranial fossae and is directly related to the cranial vault.
• consists of two cerebral hemispheres

A

human cerebrum

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16
Q

• largest and most de eloped part of the human brain.
• divided into 2 hermisphere
Theres - Left and Right
• the surface of each hemisphere consist of gyri and sulci grouped into cerebral lobe

with 3 layers of cove i called meninges

A

cerebrum

17
Q

• composed of Gray and White matter

with cortical and athenvilend (diencephalon (thalamus), basal ganglia) regions

• contains the primary motor and sensory cortices

A

cerebmrum

18
Q

cavities spacee within the brain where the CSF circulates

are continous with the subarachnoid space

A

cerebral ventricles

19
Q

the brain is divided into 5 lobes

A

The brain is divided into 5 lobes:
• Frontal-motor movement, motor aspect of speech (Broca’s area), reasoning. emotions, personality, and problem solving
• Parietal-sensory perceptions related to pain, temperature, touch and pressure, orientation and perception, sensory aspect of language (Wernicke’s area)
• Temporal-auditory perceptions, learning, and memory
. Occipital-vision
• Insula-associated with visceral functions including taste

20
Q

are three connective tissue membrane (coverings) of the
brain and the spinal cord

surround, protect, and suspend the brain and spinal cord
within the cranial cavity and vertebral canal, respectively

envelope different parts of the brain and spinal cord

A

meninges

21
Q

layers of meninges

A

dura mater(pachymeninx)
arachnoid mater
pia mater

in between the arachnoid and pia mater is the subarachnoid space, containing the CSF

22
Q

thickest and dense
most external of the meninges

A

dura mater (pachymeninx)

23
Q

is against the internal surface of the dura mater located between the dura mater and pia mater

A

arachnoid mater

24
Q

innermost connective tissue membrane thin, translucent membrane is adherent to the surface of the brain and spinal cord

A

pia mater

25
Q

pia mater and arachnoid mater have a similar structure are collectively called

A

leptomeninges

26
Q

outermost membrane layer of the brain
•tough, dense, thick connective tissue
• give rise to septa (dural partition) in different areas of the brain.
•2 types Cranial and Spinal dura mater

A

dura mater

27
Q

Cranial dura mater consists of two layers, and only one of these is continuous through the foramen magnum

A

bleeding that occur in this layer

extra/ epi dural hemorrhage

subdural hemorrhage- acute, sub acute, chronic

28
Q

are small, leshy-looking elevations, usually collected into clusters of variable size, which are present upon the outer surface of the dura mater, in the vicinity of the superior sagittal sinus

A

arachnoid villi

29
Q

consist of

outer periosteal layer

inner meningeal layer

A

cranial dura mater

30
Q

rich in blood vessels and nerves adherent to the inner surface of the cranium

A

outer periosteal layer

31
Q

lined with flat cells

gives rise to several septa (dural partitions) that divide the cranial cavity Into compartments.

in close contact with the arachnold mater
Is continuous with the spinal dura mater through
the foramen magnum.

A

inner meningeal layer

32
Q

partitions made up of dura mater found in different areas of the cerebrum

A

falx cerebri

falx cerebelli

diaphragma sellae

tentorium cerebelli

33
Q

Largest dural partition
•Strong, crescent shaped dura mater
•Les in the sageital plane, occupies the logitudinal fissure, between the cerebral hemispheres

• Narrow anteriorly and broad posteriorly where It blends with the tentorium cerebelli

•Extends in the midline from the crista galll to the internal occipital protuberance

A

falx cerebri

34
Q

completion of development of brain

A

8 years

GEN ANA LEC VALENTIN (4 decks)

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