PPT #1 Flashcards
WHO
Defines :
Any occurence that causes damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life and deteriotation of health and health services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community.
PAHO
Defines:
An overwhelming ecological disruption which exceeds the capacity of a community to adjust a consequesntly requires assistance from outside.
W. Nick Carter
Defines disaster:
It is an event, natural ot manmade, sudden or progressive, which impacts with such severity that the affected community has to respond by taking exceptional measures.
W.Nick Carter
It is a catastrophe, a calamity or a cataclysm which results in loss of life and property.
Health care providers
They characterize disasters by what they do to people-the consequences on health and health services.
Medical disaster
Is a catastrophic event that results in causalities that overwhelm the health care resources in that community (Al-Madhari & Zeller, 1997)
Noji (1997)
describes disasters quite simply, as “events that require extraordinary efforts beyond those needed to respond to everyday emergencies.
Classification of disaster
Natural and Manmade
Natural Disasters include
Earthquakes, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, ice storms, tsunamis, and other geologic or meteorological phenomena.
Meteorological Disasters
cause by extreme weather various kind of storms, cold spells, drought, heat waves.
Typological Disasters
avalanches (snow), landslides, floods
Telluric and Tectonic Disasters
Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions
Biological Disaster
insect swarms, epidemics of communicable diseases.
disaster that are those in which the principal direct causes are identifiable human actions, deliberate or otherwise (Noji, 1996)
Man made disaster
Include biological and biochemical terrorism, chemical spills, radiological (nuclear) events, fire, explosions, transportation accidents, armed conflicts, and acts of war
Manmade
Human generated disasters can be further divided into three broad categories:
a.) Complex
b.) Technologic disasters
c.) Disasters that are not caused by natural hazards but occur in human settlements.
Involve situations where populations suffer significant casualities as a result of war, civil strife, or other political conflict. Some disasters are the result of a combination of forces such as drought, famine, disease and political unrest that displace millions of people from their homes.
Complex emergencies
large numbers of people, property, community infrastructure, and economic welfare arw directly and adversely affected by major industrial accidents; unplanned release of nuclear energy; and fires or explosions from hazardous substances such as fuel, chemicals, or nuclear materials.
Technologic disaters
