PPT 1 Flashcards
It is a type of educational research in which the research decides what to study and ask specific questions
Quantitative Research
What are the characteristics of quantitative research
- Preference for precise hypothesis stated at the beginning of the study
- Preference for precise definitions stated at the beginning of the study
- Data reduce to numerical scores
- Much attention to assessing and improving reliability of scores from instruments
- Assessment of validity though a variety of procedures with reliance to statistics
- Preference for random techniques for obtaining meaningful samples
- Preference for precisely describing procedures
- Preference for design or statistical control of extraneous variables
- Preference for statistical summary of results through figures, tables, or graphs
- Quantitative methods can be repeated to verify finding in another setting, thus reinforcing validity of findings
- Quantitative research puts emphasis on proof rather than discovery
Strengths of Quantitative Research
- Quantitative research is the most reliable and valid way of concluding results, giving way to a new hypothesis or to disproving it
- Because of a bigger number of the sample population, the results or generalizations are more reliable and valid.
- Quantitative experiments filter out external factors, if properly designed, and so the results gained can be seen as real and unbiased.
Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
Quantitative research can be costly, difficult and time-consuming.
Quantitative studies require extensive statistical treatment, requiring stringent standard, more so with confirmation of result. When ambiguities in some findings surface, retesting, and refinement of the design call for another investment in time and resources to polish results.
Quantitative method also tends to turn out only proved or unproven results, leaving little room for uncertainty.
What are the kinds of quantitative research?
Descriptive
Correlational
Quasi-Experimental/Causal-Comparative
Experimental
These research projects are designed to provide systematic information about a phenomenon
Descriptive Research
Seeks to describe the current status of an identified variable according to its degree, level, frequency, and extent
Descriptive Research
The researcher does not usually begin with a hypothesis, but is likely to develop one after collecting data
Descriptive Research
In this type of design, a hypothesis is required at the onset of the study and relationships between and among a number of facts is sought and interpreted
Correlational Research
This type of research will recognize trends and patterns in data, but it does not go so far in its analysis to prove causes for these observed patterns
Correlational Research
This type of research attempts to establish cause-effect relationships among this variables. These types of design are very similar to true experiments, but with some key differences.
Causal-Comparative/Quasi-Experimental
An independent variable is identified but not manipulated by the experimenter, and the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable are measured
Quasi-Experimental/Causal-Comparative
The researcher does not randomly assign groups, meaning in selecting the participants, non-probability sampling is used like purposive sampling those who qualified for the purpose of the study is included
Quasi-Experimental/Causal-Comparative
Often called true experimentation
Experimental
Uses scientific method
Experimental
An independent variable is manipulated
Experimental
Subjects are randomly assigned
Experimental
Used probability sampling
Experimental
