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Physics > PPQ Corrections > Flashcards

PPQ Corrections Flashcards

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1
Q

The peak wavelength of radiation is _______ for hotter objects.

A

shorter

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2
Q

The rate of radiation emitted is _______ for hotter objects.

A

greater

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3
Q

What does the graph that shows the relationship between frequency and wavelength of photons of radiation look like?

A

standard curve with negative gradient

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4
Q

What happens to the speed and the wavelength of a ray of light when it goes from water to air?

A

Both increase

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5
Q

Tension = …

A

Force + FRICTION

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6
Q

What happens to the tension when friction is increased?

A

Tension increases.
Unbalanced force remains the same.

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7
Q

What do airbags do?

A

Increase the time of contact the driver has with the steering wheel.
This reduces the force experienced by the driver.

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8
Q

A light will only turn on when the pn junction is _______ bias.

A

forward

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9
Q

What’s the difference between photons emitted by blue LED and photons emitted by red LED?

A

Blue has a larger band gap.
Photons of blue light have more energy.
Photons emitted by blue light have a shorter wavelength.

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10
Q

What is the fundamental force associated with beta decay.

A

Weak nuclear force.

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11
Q

Why is alternating voltage used in the cyclotron.

A

To ensure the electric field is always in the correct direction.

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12
Q

Hand trick:

A

Thumb: Current
Pointer: Magnetic field
Middle: Force (out of page)

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13
Q

Explain how a line emission spectrum is produced:

A

If an electron is in an excited state it can return to a lower energy level. When it does this, it emits a photon.
Different transitions produce different lines (frequencies of photons).

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14
Q

Why are some lines on the emission spectrum brighter than others?

A

More electrons are making those transitions per second.
Therefore, there are more photons of that specific energy emitted and produce brighter lines.

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15
Q

What is a critical angle?

A

The angle of incidence that produces an angle of refraction of 90°.

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16
Q

What effect does increasing total resistance have on the power dissipated by internal resistance?

A

Increasing total resistance decreases power dissipated by internal resistance.
This is due to the current being decreased by increased resistance.

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17
Q

Absolute uncertainty

A

Take the highest % uncertainty of products.
Times that by the answer.

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18
Q

Suggest an improvement to any experiment…

A

Repeat the measurements and take the mean.

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19
Q

Force parallel to the slope

A

mgsinθ

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20
Q

Fermions

A

Family of particles made up of quarks and leptons

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21
Q

The two types of quark are

A

Baryons (3 quarks)
Mesons (quark and antiquark)

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22
Q

Leptons consist of

A

Electron
Muon
Tau
Neutrinos

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23
Q

Hadrons

A

Held together by the strong force
E.g baryons and mesons

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24
Q

As a capacitor charges the current…

A

Decreases

25
Q

Potential difference across a resistor _________ as capacitor charges

A

Decreases

26
Q

What effect does reducing velocity have on the maximum height reached?

A

Reducing velocity reduces the INITIAL VERTICAL VELOCITY decreasing the maximum height reached.

27
Q

Interaction is elastic when…

A

TOTAL Ek before = TOTAL Ek after

28
Q

Photovoltaic Effect

A

When photons of light are incident on a photodiode (e.g pn junctions) it produces a potential difference.

29
Q

How is a potential difference produced when photons of light are incident on a photodiode?

A

Photons hit pn junction which moves electrons up into conduction band removing the depletion layer, causing a current.

30
Q

Why are protons accelerated in an electric field?

A

Protons are positively charged.
Protons experience a force in the electric field.

31
Q

What happens to the speed of a proton in an electric field when the distance it travels is increased?

A

No effect since work done is the same.

32
Q

Why would a setup not be suitable for investigating inverse square law?

A

Setup is not a point source.

33
Q

Define the term ‘coherent’

A

Waves have a constant phase relationship.

34
Q

What is emf?

A

The energy gained by 1 coulomb of charge passing
through the battery.

35
Q

E=IR+Ir can be rewritten as…

A

emf = t.p.d + lost volts

36
Q

When asked how to take emf reading from a setup say…

A

Reading on the voltmeter before the switch is closed.

37
Q

What is conserved in an elastic collision?

A

Total momentum
Total energy
Total kinetic energy

38
Q

What happens to the wavelength on the screen when timebase is halved.

A

It is doubled.

39
Q

System uncertainties occur when…

A

Measurements are either all smaller or all larger than the true value of the quantity.

40
Q

How does quartering mass affect the gravitational force of attraction?

A

Quarters it.

41
Q

How does halving the distance between objects affect the gravitational force of attraction?

A

Makes it 4x larger.

42
Q

Vertical tension(Tv)=

A

Tcosθ

43
Q

What happens to tension when angle is increased.

A

Decreases since the cosine of the angle decreases.

44
Q

When adding a line to a graph showing how energy emitted per second varies with wavelength for a HOTTER star

A

Make sure the line is always above the cooler stars line.

45
Q

Describe how apparatus can be used to verify inverse square law.

A

Obtain values of irradiance for
different distances.
Determine I × d^2
Values of Id^2 should be constant.

46
Q

Why does light with a shorter wavelength produce a smaller angle between central and first maxima?

A

The path difference is smaller therefore the spots are closer together.

47
Q

What effect does the slit separation have on the angle between central and first maxima?

A

Larger slit separation produces a smaller angle which is more difficult to measure.

48
Q

Greater refractive index causes ____ internal reflection.

A

more

49
Q

Why does voltage decrease when a circuit with a resistor is connected.

A

When the circuit connects a current flows through it causing volts to be lost across the resistor.

50
Q

When a lift accelerates downwards the reading on the scale will be

A

A CONSTANT value less than the true weight.

51
Q

Name the 6 quark types

A

up/down
top/bottom
charm/strange

52
Q

The right hand rule is only for…

A

Negative particles

53
Q

What happens to the frequency of a ray of light when it goes from air to water?

A

Remains unchanged.

54
Q

What effect does reducing irradiance have on the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons ejected from the metal?

A

No change since irradiance does not affect the energy of the photons.

55
Q

Explain why the photoelectric effect provides evidence for the particle nature of light.

A

Each photon removes one electron.

56
Q

Total internal reflection occurs when…

A

The angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.

57
Q

A prism with a lower refractive index will have…

A

A spectrum with less dispersion.

58
Q

2 features of the Bohr model:

A

A positively charged nucleus.
Electrons in shells orbiting the nucleus.

59
Q
A

Physics (4 decks)

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