PPP147 Flashcards
Importance of Police Legitimacy
- Compliance
- Cooperation
- Responsibility
What is Stereotyping
Are beliefs about people based on their membership in a particular group. Stereotypes can be positive, negative or neutral, and often come in the form of generalizations.
i.e All Canadians are friendly
Police legitimacy is traditionally conceptualised as reflecting four judgements:
Ethical Exercise of Authority
Moral Alignment
Obligation to Obey
Trust and confidence in the police
What are the 4 types of listening
- Active
- Marginal
- Evaluative
- Non listening
What are the barriers to communication
- Interpersonal
- Linguistic
- Physical
- Cultural
- organisational
Areas of concern for conflict of Intrest
1) Interpersonal relationships - You pull over a vehicle for RBT and the driver of the vehicle is a family member or friend.
2) Secondary employment - Have a look at the Secondary Employment Policy attached to this lesson. There are certain occupations and industries that are deemed incompatible with police work or high risk to do both. For example; working behind the bar at a pub and serving alcohol.
3) Declarable associations - Your brother has a history of drug activity. This is obviously a relationship that you cannot terminate as you are related, but you must declare it so that it can be managed.
Barriers to Decision Making
- Confidence bias: do not let overconfidence influence the decision-making process
- Hindsight bias: trying to apportion blame onto someone or something before actually sorting out the situation
- Anchoring bias: making decisions without gathering all the information, seeing only what they want to see
- Escalation of commitment: not being able to see that the plan that they have come up with is not going to
work and persist in implementing it.
Code of Conduct and Ethics
An employee of the NSW Police Force must:
1. behave honestly and in a way that upholds the values and the good reputation of the NSW Police Force
whether on or off duty
2. act with care and diligence when on duty
3. know and comply with all policies, procedures and guidelines that relate to their duties
4. treat everyone with respect, courtesy and fairness
5. comply with any lawful and reasonable direction given by someone in the NSW Police Force who has
authority to give the direction
6. comply with the law whether on or off duty
7. take reasonable steps to avoid conflicts of interest, report those that can not be avoided, and co-operate in
their management
8. only access, use and/or disclose confidential information if required by their duties and allowed by NSW
Police Force policy
9. not make improper use of their position or NSW Police Force information or resources
10. report misconduct of other NSW Police Force employees.
SELF
SCRUTINY Would my decision withstand scrutiny by the community and the NSWPF?
ETHICAL Is my decision ethical and consistent with the Statement of Values, Oath of Office, and the Code of Conduct and Ethics?
LAWFUL Does my decision comply with all laws, regulations, and policies?
FAIR Is my decision fair to my colleagues, community, and family?
STOPAR With POLICE
STOPAR POLICE • Stop - Policy & Procedures • Think - Officer & Public Safety • Observe - Legislation • Plan - Investigation • Act - Customer Service • Review - Ethical Decision
Historic Role of police
- Protection of life and property
- Prevention of crime
- The detection of offenders
- Bringing offenders to justice
- Maintenance of public peace and order
- Free movement of people and traffic
- Protection of citizens’ rights
- Response to criminal and non-criminal emergencies
How do Police Keep the Peace?
Protection of life and property • Prevention of crime • The detection of offenders • Bringing offenders to justice • Maintenance of public peace and order • Free movement of people and traffic • Protection of citizens’ rights • Response to criminal and non-criminal emergencies
Explain how a multicultural community may have different perspectives of police, their functions and the way in which they perform the policing role
Some people from other countries react quite differently when approached by police and may become very nervous, react defensively and/or panic.
• Some religions have strict rules such as Muslims only allow their women to speak to other women and a male will only speak to a male
• Police need to be prepared. They need to keep officer survival in mind at all times and they need to try to understand and appreciate all perspectives.
• police have to act according to their Oath of Office and the beliefs, values and ethics of the NSW Police Force.
What is Policy
Policies and regulations are not Sanctioned by Parliament. They are to be followed by employees
Rule or guideline that is designed to be followed
If it isn’t followed there could be organisational consequences
Within the NSWPF the policy often directly relates to legislation
NSWPF Customers
Victims Witnesses Communities Internal and external experts CRIMINALS AREN'T CUSTOMERS
NSW Customer Service Guidelines Key Actions
Benefits of improved customer service
• Increased public confidence in the NSW Police Force
• Lower complaint rates and lower costs associated with complaint management
• Greater recognition of staff
• More efficient court proceedings and a positive impact on crime rates
• Increase the willingness of victims of crime to seek assistance from police
Explain appropriate action when dealing with victims, witnesses, and the community PPP147 and PPP154
- Victim/Witness follow-up
Ensure victims receive an event number and a victim’s card
Ensure victim follow-up within seven days
Ensure that when matters become cases,
you continue to keep the victims and witnesses informed of developments during the investigation and in the lead-up to the court date (at least every 28 days).
Comply with the Charter of Victim’s rights
Front counter enquiries/ First point of contact
Try to resolve the customer’s matter at the first point of contact
Ensure victims receive an event number and a victim’s card
Use interpreter or disability services, where appropriate
Ensure initial victim follow-up occurs within seven days and that all ongoing follow-up complies with the Charter of Victim’s Rights
. Greet the customer at the counter in a professional and courteous manner
Make them feel welcome at your workplace. Introduce yourself and put them at ease.
Explain the importance of keeping victims, witnesses and community members informed concerning their relevant police matters PPP147 and PPP154.
- Improved productivity
- Community is more trusting
- They aren’t kept in the dark
- The greater experience the community has the more likely they will assist police again
- They know what is going on
- They feel safe and supported
Describe the importance of police accessibility in their dealings with the community – PPP147 and PPP154
- Police can minimise the impact of social and economic exclusion
- They can support the Social Exclusion Agenda which aims to address a multitude of linked social problems
that negatively impact on the community and individuals which associate with criminal behaviour - Police can identify members of the community who are affected and work in partnership with other agencies
to engage and support these groups
Explain the relationship between procedural justice and police legitimacy PPP147 and PPP154
Procedural justice is linked to public judgements about the fairness of the process through which police make decisions and exercise authority
Customer service Guidelines & Procedural Justice
- Listening to customers and acknowledging their needs
- Treating customers fairly and with respect
- Maintaining the confidentiality of customers
- When attending a customer’s incident, providing them with information
concerning timelines - If the customer is a victim, explain their rights to them, and provide regular
updates in accordance with the Charter of Victims’ Rights.
Describe the underpinning principles of the NSW Police Force Customer Service Charter and Customer Service Guidelines in terms of procedural justice and police legitimacy PPP147 and PPP154
Neutrality
• Police making decisions based on relevant facts and legal rules rather than opinion and biases
Respect
• Dignified and respectful treatment of citizens during police interaction
Trustworthiness
• Show they act on behalf of the best interests of the people
Voice
• Providing citizens with the option to express their own point of view
What is prejudice
Prejudice is a preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience. As the word indicates, it is literally “pre-judging” someone. A prejudice will always be negative. Eg: All police are corrupt.
Explain the link between discretion and the Rule of Law - PPP147 and PPP154
- While police have discretion available to them, they must be able to justify its
use. - A police officer will be held accountable for their use of discretion. If a police
officer uses discretion appropriately, they will be able to justify their decision. - Laws are made for the people and by the people, and no one is above the law
What is appropriate discretion
Appropriate discretion o Has consistency o Applied in good faith o Based on rationality o Ignores irrelevant facts o Takes account of relevant facts
What is inappropriate discretion
Takes account of irrelevant facts Applied inconsistently (subjectivity as its basis) Based on irrationality, emotion or how you’re feeling Applied in bad faith
What is misconduct
Misconduct is an intentional breach by an officer of NSW Police Force policy, a stringent guideline or a legislatively based duty or requirement.
Explain the different types of Conflict of interest
Actual
This is where a conflict exists between your official duties or responsibilities and your private interests.
Perceived
Where it could be seen by others that your private interests could improperly interfere with or influence you in the performance of your official duties or responsibilities, whether or not this is in fact the case.
Potential
Where your private interests could interfere with or influence your official duties or responsibilities in the future. In other words, there is no conflict of interest at this time, but if not managed appropriately, it has the potential to become one.
What are the three areas of concern for risk of conflict of interest
1) Interpersonal relationships - You pull over a vehicle for RBT and the driver of the vehicle is a family member or friend.
2) Secondary employment - Have a look at the Secondary Employment Policy attached to this lesson. There are certain occupations and industries that are deemed incompatible with police work or high risk to do both. For example; working behind the bar at a pub and serving alcohol.
3) Declarable associations - Your brother has a history of drug activity. This is obviously a relationship that you cannot terminate as you are related, but you must declare it so that it can be managed.
Explain the concept of moral vulnerability - PPP147 and PPP154
Spending large amounts of time in situations that most people do not see and large amounts of time with those who are of questionable morals themselves can over time have an effect on a person.
Examine why police are morally vulnerable
Moral vulnerability is when police officers’ morals erode over time because of the nature of the job.
Dealing with Conflicts of interest
o Identify the conflict
o Avoid the conflict (where practical)
o Report the conflict
o Management of the conflict must have your co-operation
o With your manager or commander monitor the conflict until it is resolved
Examine NSW Police Force corruption avoidance systems and apply them to policing scenarios - PPP147 and PPP154
- Command Management Framework (CMF)
o The CMF is a risk-based self-assessment system. It is designed to prioritise audit and inspections on a risk basis - Corruption Resistance Plans (CRP)
o Each policing area in the State will have its own individual CRP. It is a 7 step process of Identify, Assess, Treatment Strategies, Document, Communicate, Monitor and Review. - Career Management Scheme (CMS)
o The CMS is a computer system where the work performance of each individual is measured against a set of criteria for the position held by that person at least twice per year. - Guidelines for Receipt of Gifts and Benefits
o This is a policy that provides guidance as to what to do in the event of being offered a gift or gratuity of some kind and the kinds of factors that are taken into account when making a decision to accept or reject a gift.
Examine assertiveness and what it means to be assertive - PPP147 and PPP154
Being assertive means find the right balance between passivity (not assertive enough) and aggression (angry or hostile behaviour). It means having a strong sense of yourself and your worth, and acknowledging that you deserve to get what you want. And it means standing up for yourself even in the most difficult situations.
Explain the differences between assertive, passive, submissive and aggressive behaviours - PPP147 and PPP154
- passive behaviour
o Passive behaviour is when a person fails to express their honest feelings, thoughts or beliefs during interactions with others. - Submissive behaviour:
o A submissive person takes passivity a step further. As you can see in the previous paragraph, whilst deferring to others, the passive person will at least express something. - aggressive behaviour
o Aggressive behaviour is when a person is determined to get their own way at all costs. They have an “I win” mentality and don’t care if they infringe upon the rights of others to get their own way. - What is assertive behaviour?
o Being assertive means find the right balance between passivity (not assertive enough) and aggression (angry or hostile behaviour). It means having a strong sense of yourself and your worth, and acknowledging that
DEATH MESSAGE RESPONSES
Anger
Sadness
Denial
Explain the process for prioritising information from the initial report of a crash to the final investigation - PPP145, PPP146, PPP147, PPP155, PPP156 and PPP157
- Location of the crash
- Injuries/persons trapped
- How many vehicles involved
- Time of crash
- Particulars of the caller (at least name and contact details)
Explain the legal requirements of a police statement – PPP146, PPP147, PPP156 and PPP157
Explain the use of professionalism and ethical behaviour in the role of a New South Wales Police Officer - PPP147 and PPP157
- Professionalism and ethical behaviour are at the heart of policing duties. It relates to and reinforces police legitimacy.
- SELF
- STOPAR / Police
Barriers of Communicating with Children
Barriers of communicating with children (PPP147) • Lack of understanding • Vocabulary • Maturity level • Understand the world differently to us • Personal experiences • Understanding of police • Learning levels • Trauma • Environment
Alternatives to arrest for youth in YOA
- Warnings
- Cautions
- Youth justice conferences
- Court
NSW customer service charter (PITA) (PPP147)
Professional and helpful • Listen to needs • Treat fairly and with respect • Maintain confidentiality • Show care Informed throughout • Event number and victim card • Call up within 7 days and informed about process before 28 days Take appropriate action Explain process Attempt to resolve matter Justify when no further action is taken Accessible to everyone 24/7 assistance Accessible to everyone
Benefits of improved customer service
- Increased public confidence in the NSW Police Force
- Lower complaint rates and lower costs associated with complaint management
- Greater recognition of staff
- More efficient court proceedings and a positive impact on crime rates
- Increase the willingness of victims of crime to seek assistance from police
POLICE Muonic
Policy & Procedures Officer and Public Safety Legislation Investigations Customer Ethical Decisions
PEACE MODEL
Planning and Preparation Engage and Explain Account Closure Evaluation
