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SESSION 1 > PPP112 > Flashcards

PPP112 Flashcards

112

1
Q

What are the 6 First officer responsibilities?

A

Assess hazards to yourself and others, check for signs of life, render or organise first aid, determine the nature and size of the crime scene, determine an entry point for the crime scene which you believe was not used by the suspect and remove all people from the crime scene through the entry point

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2
Q

What does Section 88 relate to

A

Powers to establish a crime scene on a PREMISES restricted by 3 hours, to exercise crime scene powers (under S95) and to stay on the premises for the purposes of the crime scene

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3
Q

What does Section 89 relate to

A

Powers to establish a crime scene on a PUBLIC PLACE, there is no time limit, provisions of LEPRA still apply

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4
Q

What does Section 90 relate to

A

Section 90 MUST HAVE ONE OF THESE TO ESTABLISH A CRIME SCENE
(1) (A) a traffic accident that has resulted in death or serious injury. (1) (B) a serious indictable offence is being or was or may have been committed on the premises. (1) (C) there may be on the premises evidence of a serious indictable offence that may have been committed elsewhere

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5
Q

What does section 91 relate to

A

Specifies how a crime scene may be established

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6
Q

What are good investigator qualities

A

High level motivation, exercise personal initiative, critical thinker

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7
Q

What is the scientific method

A

is a way of observing thinking about and solving problems objectively and systematically

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8
Q

What are the 6 steps of the scientific method

A

State the problem, Form the hypothesis, Collect data, Interpret the data as a test of the hypothesis, If the data supports the hypothesis so far continue to collect additional data and finally draw conclusions

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9
Q

What is inculpatory evidence

A

Evidence that supports a prosecution’s case against a suspect. It is incriminating evidence that supports your case

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10
Q

What is exculpatory evidence

A

Evidence that disproves or negates a conclusion you have reached. It may also assist the suspect and disprove the hypothesis

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11
Q

What is a brief of evidence?

A

A compilation of statements taken from witnesses, victims and police together with other pieces of evidence that may include photographs, weapons, exhibits

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12
Q

What are the three sources of information

A

People Sources (witnesses, suspects or informants) Physical (weapons, blood, clothing) and Records (CCTV, ledgers, bank records, Newspaper articles)

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13
Q

Why do police rely on the three sources of informaton

A

Police rely on these sources because the search for the truth is best achieved through an exhaustive search and analysis of information. Police rarely witness a crime happening and must rely on information to help solve crime

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14
Q

Define a source

A

A source is a person who comes forward with information, either a police informant (person with criminal history or association) or a community-minded member (in good faith)

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15
Q

What are the two types of crime scenes

A

Primary and Secondary

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16
Q

What is a crime scene

A

an area surrounding a site that a criminal act took place where evidence may be found

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17
Q

What do police need to do when dealing with witnesses at crime scenes

A

Record (names, particulars, contact info), Isolate (separate victims and witnesses from each other to avoid contamination of versions) and Detain (where possible and with witness consent, CANNOT ARREST OR DETAIN WITNESSES OR VICTIMS)

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18
Q

What do police need to do when dealing with suspects/offenders at crime scenes

A

Suspects/offenders found at crime scenes should be escorted from the scene and searched, separated and secured. WHETHER ARRESTED OR NOT YOU MUST REMOVE THEM FROM THE CRIME SCENE

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19
Q

How do police conduct interviews

A

Casual interviews, notebook interviews, formal typed interviews and electronically recorded interview with suspected persons

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20
Q

What is the PEACE model

A

Planning & Preparation, Engage & Explain, Account Stage (Interviewee’s version), Closure and Evaluation

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21
Q

What are the core skills of interviewing

A

Ask open questions, active listening and comprehensive note taking

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22
Q

What are contemporaneous notes

A

Written (handwritten or typed written) notes made by a person at the time or shortly after the event took place

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23
Q

What is a primary victim

A

a victim who has suffered physical harm, emotional trauma and or personal or property loss from any criminal activity or emergency

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24
Q

What is a secondary victim

A

someone who has witnessed a crime or is concerned for those who are victims and might be adversely affected by the experience

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25
Q

What is original authority

A

It is your decision to enforce your powers, no one can delegate you to use your powers as you will be accountable

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26
Q

What is the aim of investigations

A

To determine if a crime has been committed, to obtain evidence, to take action, to recover stolen property and present the best case to the prosecutor

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27
Q

What is the equation of intelligence

A

information + analysis = intelligence

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28
Q

What does section 92 relate to

A

Exercising powers at a crime scene

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29
Q

What does section 93 relate to

A

Notifying a supervisor that a crime scene has been established

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30
Q

What does section 94 relate to

A

Crime scene warrants

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31
Q

What does section 95(A) relate to

A

relates to stolen vehicles

32
Q

What does section 95(1) relate to

A

Sets out the functions a police officer can exercise on a crime scene. (a)-(f) relates to protection of the crime scene. (g)-(p) relates to investigatory functions

33
Q

What does section 95(2) relate to

A

(a) Gives police powers to remove the “thing” from the crime scene
(b) Gives police powers to guard the “thing” on the crime scene

34
Q

What is an exhibit

A

It is anything of a tangible nature that assists in establishing in a proof or tends to establish a proof of an offence

35
Q

What is declarative memory

A

It is memory of dates, historical facts and telephone numbers (memory for facts and events)

36
Q

What is procedural memory

A

It is memory of abilities (driving a car, riding a bike, tie a shoe lace) (memory for procedures and abilities)

37
Q

What are the three types of memory

A

Sensory, Short term and long term memory

38
Q

Define sensory memory

A

it is the first level of memory which retains brief impressions of a stimulus after it has ended

39
Q

What are the two issues about sensory memory

A

This kind of memory is closely associated with perception and heavily influenced by attention. Information must go through attention mechanisms of the brain to get from sensory memory to short term memory

40
Q

What are the 4 causes or faulty memory are

A

Medication, Alcohol, Smoking, Caffeine

41
Q

What are the objectives in an interview

A

Interviews are to be conducted ethically and professionally. Statements are to adhere to all the rules of evidence

42
Q

Define the cognitive model

A

The Cognitive model is designed for use with cooperative subjects such as witnesses or victims, to maximise their memory recall.

43
Q

Define the conversation management model

A

The C.M. model is a structured process of planning and questioning designed for potentially uncooperative subjects such as suspects, to maximise the flow of information

44
Q

Explain the charter of victims rights

A

it recognises victims rights, establishes fair treatment, entitles victims to information & assistance. THE CHARTER HAS 18 RIGHTS. This charter MUST BE COMPLIED WITH (statutory obligation)

45
Q

Explain what ADVOKAT is in relation to the cognitive interview wheel

A

Amount of time, distance, visibility, obstructions, known or seen before, any reason to notice, time since observation. ADVOKAT. step 5 of the cognitive interview wheel

46
Q

What are the 5 steps in the cognitive interview wheel

A

Free recall, sketch, probe, description, advokat (FSPDA or fuck suck puck duck advofuck)

46
Q

what is involved in the free recall process in relation to the cognitive interview wheel

A

ask open ended questions (eg can you tell me what happened). do not interrupt the person or ask questions during this stage

47
Q

what is an exhibit

A

anything of tangible nature that assists in establishing or tends to establish a proof of an offence

48
Q

what is involved in the sketch stage in relation to the cognitive interview wheel

A

ask the subject to sketch the scene and put as much detail on it as possible, sign and date at bottom

49
Q

what is involved in the probing questions stage in relation to the cognitive interview wheel

A

use the 5 w’s and h (who what why when where and how)

focus on specific details in questions

50
Q

what is involved in the ADVOKAT questions stage in relation to the cognitive wheel

A

questions to gain responses (how long witness saw the incident for, how far away they were, was it dark or foggy/weather conditions, anything obstructing the view of the incident, if they knew anyone involved, what made them notice the incident and how long ago did the incident happen)

51
Q

what is involved in the ADVOKAT questions stage in relation to the cognitive wheel

A

questions to gain responses (how long witness saw the incident for, how far away they were, was it dark or foggy/weather conditions, anything obstructing the view of the incident, if they knew anyone involved, what made them notice the incident and how long ago did the incident happen)

53
Q

what is an event line

A

sequence of events based on the interviewees free-recall, is broken down into events on a timeline to maximise gain of information

54
Q

What is the aim of the investigator

A

search for the truth

55
Q

How is the office of constable associated with the investigative role of police

A

the investigative role of police is directly linked to the core objective of the office of constable through preventing and detecting crime

56
Q

define critical thinking

A

critical thinking is thinking systematically and objectively, considering all information and linking information together to determine the truth

57
Q

what is direct evidence

A

direct evidence proves or disproves an issue. (example; a victim is direct evidence)

58
Q

what is indirect evidence

A

a person may have witnessed an offender leave and is not directly in the act of the crime

59
Q

what the three types of people sources

A

persons of interest, victim, witness

60
Q

what are the three types of evidence

A
  1. original (people) 2. real (physical 3. documentary (records)
61
Q

What are the 5 senses used when attending a crime scene

A

stop look listen smell think

62
Q

what is section 90 (1), what are the three circumstances in which a crime scene be established

A

(a) serious indictable offence may be committed
(b) serious traffic incident resulting in death or serious injury
(c) there may be evidence on the scene related to a serious indictable offence

63
Q

Under S88 (1) what are three things a police officer may exersise

A

(A) establish a crime scene on premises
(B) exercise crime scene powers in accordance with this part
(C) stay on the crime scene for the above purposes

64
Q

list 5 obligations under the charter of victims rights

A

Show curtsey, respect and compassion, advice on medical and counselling service, information on progress of investigation, bail conditions imposed on the suspect and the outcomes of court proceedings

65
Q

what is a jewrat

A

a jewish rat

66
Q

what is a jurat

A

legally required, it is an an acknowledgement from the person making a statement that it is accurate and true and that they will be liable for prosecution if it is false. it forms the first paragraph of all statements in indictable offences

67
Q

what can you do in the three hour time limit when at a crime

A

exercise functions in accordance with section 95 (1) (a)-(f) (protection of the crime scene)

68
Q

what method of interviewing do you take when you are with an unwilling subject (suspect or offender)

A

the conversation management model. this helps with maximising the flow of information

69
Q

what is miscellaneous property

A

is lost property and is not evidence or an exhibit, must be documented and recorded in the police station and you get a reciept

70
Q

what is S 96 lepra

A

obstruction/hinderance of a crime scene

71
Q

who are the investigative services at a crime scene

A

ballistics, photo-gammatry, forensics, medical officers

72
Q

who can enter a crime scene

A

anyone with a genuine reason, when entering record details on crime scene log and if unsure check with crime scene investigator

73
Q

what is the core objective of police

A

preventing and detective of crime through application of good investigative skills

74
Q

what is an objective of an investigation

A

to search for the truth

75
Q

what is intangible

A

something you cant touch (a statement, words)

SESSION 1 (7 decks)

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