PPI

Question 1

Omnigenic traits

Answer 1

idea that any regulatory gene variant in a specific tissue is likely to have weak effects on multiple traits or diseases influenced by that tissue.

Question 2

Network Pleiotropy

Answer 2

single genetic variant may affect multiple traits, not because they are directly connected, but because they are mediated through same cell types, or regulated through same networks.

Question 3

Extreme Pleiotropy

Answer 3

Single genetic variance or set, influence multiple, seemingly unrelated traits or processes.

Question 4

Difference between Omnignenic Traits and Network Pleiotropy

Answer 4

OT (equifinality) - many genes influencing one trait; NP (multifinality) interconnected effect of single variant on multiple traits.

Question 5

Extreme Pleiotropy vs. Network

Answer 5

Both (multifinality) - Network highlights pathways, Extreme highlights rage of traits affected.

Question 6

Goals

Answer 6

Cognitive Representations of end states interconnected to means of attainment.

Question 7

Self-Regulation

Answer 7

Process by which people set goals and attempt to attain them

Question 8

Successful self-regulation

Answer 8

acting in accordance with ones goals

Question 9

Goal activation

Answer 9

Selection of actions and resource mobilization towards goal advancement

Question 10

Transfer of affect

Answer 10

Behavior that may initially be neutral/ aversive become desirable in the absence of original motivation

Question 11

Goal-conflict resolution

Answer 11

Goal representations activate at the same time, leading individuals to seek multifinal means of satisfying multiple goals simultaneously

Question 12

Goal shielding

Answer 12

People inhibit weaker alternatives in favor of prioritized goals

Question 13

Motivated Distortion

Answer 13

Result of goal shielding; Active distortion of information relevant to goal pursuit to align with current motivational state.

Question 14

Attentional Bias

Answer 14

momentarily heightened accessibility to drug leads to inhibition of alternative concens.

Question 15

Big 5

Answer 15

Emotional stability; Extraversion; Openness; Agreeableness; Consciousness

Question 16

Rich get richer hypothesis

Answer 16

people who are sociable and have strong relationships, high self esteem and low social anxiety show most benefit of internet use

Question 17

Compulsive Internet Use

Answer 17

Continued use despite intention to stop; internet dominates cognition and behaviors; Withdrawal - unpleasant emotions when internet use is not possible; using internet to escape from negative feelings; conflicts arise due to internet use.

Question 18

Prosocial behavior

Answer 18

Any voluntary act meant to benefit another

Question 19

Behavioral Coherence/ Heterotypic continuity

Answer 19

continuity of an inferred trait that is presumed to underlie diverse phenotypic behaviors