PPE Flashcards
when is the risk of acquiring a health care associated infections (HAI) higher (6)
more contact with providers
more intense and invasive care
higher comorbid burden
older age
poor immunity status
comprimised nutritional status
what is the definition of an infection
invasion of susceptible host tissue by pathogens or microorganisms that result in disease
what is a communicable disease
infectious process that can be readily transmitted from one person to another
what are the three types of HAI? what are the definitons?
latrogenic
endogenous
exogenous
an infection has _______
symptoms due to failure of bodily defense
what is colonization
presence and growth of micro organisms within a host without tissue invasion or damage
what are the modes of transmission of HAI (6)
droplets
blood / body fluids
feces / urine
vectors
equipement and medical devices
healthcare provider’s hands
of the common modes, which are direct vs indirect?
direct = urine / feces, droplets, healthcare providers hands
indirect - equipment and medical devices
what are the defenses against infections (6)
intact skin
intact mucosa of nose and mouth
limited use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
intact blinking mechanisms of eye
normal urine acidity and flow
nortmal acidity of stomach lining
how long is the lifespan of organisms in droplets?
6 feet
health care professionals are the _____________________
vital link in infection prevention in the chain of infection
what is the best practice policy
hand hygiene
what are the 5 moments of hand hygiene?
before / after patient
during visit after cleaning septic procedure
during visit after body fluid procedure
after touching patient during visit
direct contact with patient’s belongings
what is required in isolation precautions?
standard, airborne, droplet, and contact precautions
who are standard precautions applicable to? what are “standard” precautions?
all patients
hand hygiene before and after
gloves
gown
mask
no artificial nails
who are the airborne precautions applicable to?
patients with airborne infections that are placed in an Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR)
what are the airborne precuations?
respiratory mask
isolation gown
gloves
how does one fit test a respiratory mask?
hood over top, concentrated vapor sprayed
if smelt, not on properly
what size are the nuclei in droplet vs airborne precautions?
droplet = >5 microns
airborne = <5 microns
what is the droplet precaution PPE?
mask
eyeshield
gown
gloves
what are the feet requirements with one who has droplet precautions?
within 5 feet is danger zone
in room with curtain = > 3 feet
no curtain = >6 feet
what is considered to be droplets?
close mucous or respiratroy droplet contact that can be spread via sneezing coughing or talking
when would contact precautions be applicable?
prevention of spread via direct or indirect contact with patient, patient’s belongings or surrounding surfaces
what are the contact precautions?
gloves = must
gown = commonly worn
steps to putting on ppe
identify / gather ppe
perform hand hygiene
isolation gown (tie on)
mask (hold cup of mask and put on attachment strings then seal check)
face shield / goggles
hand hygeine
gloves wrapped over wrists of gown
what is latrogenic
during a procedure
what is endogenous
overgrowth of a patient’s flora
what is exogeneous
resulting from an organism outside of the patient
