PPDAC

Question 1

What is PPDAC?

Answer 1

scientific inquiry framework

Question 2

What does PPDAC stand for?

Answer 2

Problem
Plan
Data
Analysis
Conclusion

Question 3

What is the Problem step of PPDAC?

Answer 3

1st step of PPDAC
- define the research question

Question 4

What is the Plan step of PPDAC?

Answer 4

2nd step of PPDAC
- decide how to address the research problem

Question 5

What is the Data step of PPDAC?

Answer 5

3rd step of PPDAC
- execute plan and examine data

Question 6

What is the Analysis step of PPDAC?

Answer 6

4th step of PPDAC
- Extract meaning from your Data

Question 7

What is the Conclusion step of PPDAC?

Answer 7

5th step of PPDAC
- interpret your results in the context of the problem

Question 8

How can you create a research question for the Problem stage?

Answer 8

clear statement of what is to be learned, by defining the research question/objectives

Question 9

What are the 3 components to include for a research question?

Answer 9

• what is the population of interest? The units
• What variables are under investigation
• what is the goal of the research?

Question 10

What is the population of interest? What are examples?

Answer 10

complete collection of objects (units) to be studied
- living, non-living, values (ex. weight), or a process

Question 11

What are the types of population of interest?

Answer 11

1. concrete (can quantify all units in pop)
2. hypothetical (can’t identify all individuals in pop)

Question 12

What is are variables?

Answer 12

characteristics that take on different values/levels for different individuals/units/objects

ex. colour = variable
red, pink = values/levels

Question 13

What are the 2 types of variables?

Answer 13

1. response
2. explanatory

Question 14

What is a response variable?

Answer 14

measures an OUTCOME of interest in a study (outcome, dependent)

somthing influences the outcome/response

Question 15

What is an explanatory variable?

Answer 15

explains differences or influence change in the response variable (independent, predictor)

Question 16

What is a research goal?

Answer 16

the basic nature/purpose of the research question/ objective

Question 17

What are the 3 types of research goals?

Answer 17

1. descriptive
2. causitive
3. predictive

Question 18

What is a descriptive research goal?

Answer 18

characterise attributes of the population

Question 19

What is a causative research goal? What are its characteristics?

Answer 19

understanding how a change in the value of an explanatory variable influences the value of a
response variable
- Not individualistic – general trend

“cause and effect”

Question 20

What is a predictive research goal? What are its characteristics?

Answer 20

predicting the value of variable(s) for
new/future unit(s) in the population
- probability
- individual: look at response variables and assign value to 1 UNIT of a population