PPD Flashcards
1
Q
Detention Pond
A
a large depression in the ground that temporarily stores stormwater runoff.
area that holds water and drains it slowly into storm system. Empty with no rain so needs to be designed, doesn’t have to be exposed
2
Q
Retention Pond
A
area to store storm water that then percolates into soil or other waterways (not in storm system)
3
Q
Phase 1 environmental study
A
Research and observational study done to see if further environmental investigation is needed
4
Q
RECs
A
Recognized environmental conditions
5
Q
Swale
A
Channel in Topo to direct water
Ditch
6
Q
Berm
A
Landscape mound, can control water
Block headlights, road noise
7
Q
Reasonable slope
A
1% is minimum for drainage but 2% better
More than 10% feels like work to walk
20-30% feels tiring
Most soils wont hold over that
8
Q
Walkways
A
Keep at consistent slope
1:20, 1:12 is comfortable
Topo should cross walkway at and angle, perpendicular can hold water
9
Q
4 types of general climates
A
hot humid, hot arid, cold, temperate
10
Q
When would a sustainable approach like convective breezes be appropriate?
A
Hot humid
(hot arid the air would be too hot)
11
Q
For a major retail center thats at the corner of a large collector street and a local street, which should the parking lot be accessed off of?
A
collector street, local street would be overwhelmed for a major retailer
small parking however could be more appropriate for local street
12
Q
A
13
Q
Type of window shading best suited for East/west windows in northern climate
A
Vertical louvres
14
Q
What is more sustainable: field finishing or factory finishing
A
Factory finishing reduces VOCs & dust
15
Q
Distance recommended for wildlife setback
A
300’
16
Q
Information included in geotech report
A
Permeability
Shearing strength
Moisture content
Cohesion
17
Q
standard parking space
A
9x19
8-10 x 18-20
300-350sf per car is good rule of thumb
18
Q
sight triangle size
A
small street 10-15ft
19
Q
handicap parking size
A
normally double width, 16’ x 19’
can be 13’ x 19’
direct to entry, no crossing drive aisle
20
Q
erosion control strategy
A
silt fences
21
Q
Type 1
A
non combustible materials and structure
22
Q
Type 2
A
non-combustible exterior and components
23
Q
Type 3A
A
non combustible exterior with 1 hr rating for primary structure
24
Q
Type 3B
A
non combustible exterior with no rating for primary structure
25
Type 4
Heavy Timber construction
26
Type 5A
Combustible construction with 1 hr rating for primary structure
27
Type 5B
Combustible construction with no rating for primary structure
28
timber
wood bigger than 6x6
29
30
Demising wall
Separated units or uses
31
Where does path of egress start
Any occupiable spot of the building
32
Egress path
Needs to step up in safety level as you go on
33
Dead end corridor max length
By municipality
~20ft
34
Grand stair
A stair that is in addition to rated exits
35
Area of refuge size
30x48
36
Egress stair components
Hand rail (continuous on inside)
Guard rail at 42
Doors that open in
Doors that don’t cross travel path arc
Public: 7r/11t
Width: 42, 44, 60, 60+ will need additional handrail
37
Things to look out for for fire safety
Fire rating, flame spread, smoke generation
38
Light and vent requirements
Light / vent
10% / 5% or
8% / 4%
of floor area
39
Ramp range (accessible)
1:20 or 1:12
40
Ramp read
Landings every 30” vertical (5’)
Railings
Req width
41
Wheels chair reach range
15”-48/54”
42
Wheel chair
43
Accessible door clearances
Min 32” wide clear, should be ~36” door
Min 48” on push side depth
Mon 12” on push side side width
Min 60” on pull side depth
Min 18”-24” on pull side side width
44
Min passage dimension
36” stands can be 32” for a 24” stretch
45
Area of refuge
48x30
46
Accessible Floor transition max
1/4” step
1/2” if 1/4” is beveled at 1:2
1/2” bevelled
47
Accessible floor transition
1/4” step
1/2” if 1/4” is beveled at 1:2
1/2” beveled
48
Accessible outlet height
15” min 48” max
49
Egress stair widths
44”, 12” rail, 44” run
Around 10’x20’
50
Codes to be reviewed on every project
IBC
ZONING
IECC (energy code)
ADA standards
NFPA 70 (electric code)
NGPA 101 (life safety code)
51
Medical facilities that are institutional occupancy
Hospitals
Rehab centers
Assisted living
Places where people are staying
52
Comfortable temp
In winter 66-70
Summer 72-75, up to 80
53
54
55
Lumen
Amount of linens leaving a light source
56
Footcandle
How much light touches a surface (common measurement for architects)
57
Incandescent
Older transitional bulb
Pros
Fast, dimmable, cheap to make
Cons
Low efficiency, hot
58
Fluorescent lights
Tube with mercury that excited phosphors which give light
Used to flicker but ballasts are better now
Pros:
Several shapes
Light is spread out; less glare
More efficient than incandescent
Con:
Don’t work as well in cold weather
Large
Use mercury
59
High intensity discharge lights
Similar to fluorescents
Mini tube inside big bulb, look like incandescent
Used in stadiums, gyms, parking lot
Pros:
Long lasting, strong
Cons:
can be touched with bare hands because oils will break
Hot spot prone
Slow - 5 min
Color rendering can be bad
60
LED
Works with diodes
Pros:
Small
Range of color renderings
Fast and efficient
Long lasting
Can be problems if heat builds up
61
Point source light - direct
Uneven
62
soil stack
human waste
63
waste stack
all waste besides human waste (kitchens, showers, etc
64
Ejector pump
used to pump human waste up from a lower elevation to the sewer main
65
sump pump
used to pump site water up to sewer/storm main
66
Supply pipe water
copper since its biostatic
67
waste pipe material
cast iron - good for sound deadening
pvc - cheaper, but louder and can only be used for lower capacity settings
glass - special science settings
68
where are plumbing clean outs needed
at every end of a run and change in direction, sinks can operate as clean outs
69
at what floor will a water supply pipe typically run out of sufficient pressure
4th floor
70
three types of vegetated roof
intensive
extensive
modular
71
Short span
8’-16’
Houses, small commercial
Wood, light gauge steel
72
Medium span
20’-35’
Schools, commercial
Girder, beam, posts
Joists, decking
Steel, concrete, engineered wood
73
Typ span for wood truss
20-40’
74
Typ span for wide flange steel
25-40’
75
Open web joist Typ span
25-60’
76
Castellated beam
Beam cut and shifted to result in more depth
Results in hexagon holes in the middle
77
Vierendeel truss
Not a truss
Top and bottom chord with welded vertical components
78
Open web steel joists
20-100’+ spans
4’-10’ OC
OPEN FOR Utilites, easy install
Bouncy— more suitable for roofs than floors
79
Flexicore slab
Precast floor panel with hollow tubes
Quick, fire safe, good for hotels or dorms
80
Site cast concrete by strength
Least
Flat plate
Flat slab
Joist slab
Waffle slab
Most
81
Flat plate concrete
Flat slab meets column at right angle
82
Flat slab concrete
Flat slab meets column with flared top— stronger that flat plate
83
T precast concrete
T shaped concrete panels, grouted together to form slab with 2" topping slab
good for 60-120' spans
often used in parking garaged,
also come in double Ts
84
typical stc rating
45-60
85
NRC
noise reduction coefficient - usually talking about the ceiling, ability to deaden or amplify noise
86
3 types of sound ratings
STC
NRC
IIC
87
IIC
impact insulation class - usually a floors ability to deaden sound
88
STC
sound transmission class - usually for walls, amount of sound that vibrates through
89
hydrolic elevator number of stops
2-5, low machine room
90
traction elevator range of stops
5+, high machine room
91
pneumatic elevator
2-3 up to 5
92
thermal strategy for hot arid climates
heat sink - lots of thermal mass
93
first steps for fire fighters entering fire alarm
1. check annunciator to see where the issue it
2. Determine who and what is inside (building occupancy type)
3. Turn off electric (axing, water, etc would be bad with live elec) - why panel needs to be close to entry
4. Determining sprinklers, standpipes, etc.
94
order of install for subs
Plumbing
HVAC
fire protection
Elec
Lighting
95
Extensive vegetated roof
typically requires 4-6 inches of engineered soil and can add roughly 15-50 pounds per square foot to the roof structure
96
Intensive vegetated roof
require a minimum of 12 inches of soil and can add anywhere between 80 and 150 pounds per square foot to the existing structure.
97
Modular vegetated roof
typically only require 3-4 inches of engineered soil to sustain growth. This typically adds an average of 12-18 pounds per square foot of additional load to the structure
98
three lateral bracing types
shear wall system
rigid frame system
braced frame system
99
fire extinguisher class A
should be used for fires involving ordinary combustibles such as wood, cloth, paper, rubber and many plastics
100
fire extinguisher class B
should be used for fires involving flammable or combustible liquids, gases, or greases.
101
fire extinguisher class C
should be used for fires involving energized electrical equipment
102
fire extinguisher class D
are used with fires that involve combustible metals or metal alloys
103
wet glazing
the glass is set in place in a window frame with either glazing tape or liquid sealant. This application would be appropriate for a metal-frame window.
104
Face Glazing
seals the individual glass panes in rabbeted frames with a beveled bead of either putty or glazing compound. The glass is held in place with glazier's points until the face putty or compound hardens. Face glazing is typically how older wood windows were set.
105
dry glazing
the glass is set in place in a window frame with a compression gasket. This application would be more appropriate for a metal-frame window.
106
climates best suited for heat pumps
moderate
107
percent of floor area to set aside for shaft space in high rise
4%
108
109
Tool for sf based cost estimating
Estimating manual- good for early estimates
110
How is property hazard and liability insurance covered in a budget estimate
Total capital expenditures and fixed expense cost
111
Source that provides environmental and economic data for products
Building for environmental and economic sustainability (BEES)
112
Grade range for mowed lawns
5-25%
113
Expanded polyurethane r value
6.2 per inch
114
Rock wool r value
3.3 per onch
115
Cellulose r balue
3.7 per inch
116
Polyisocyanurate r value per onch
7.2
117
Molded polystyrene r value
3.6 per onch
118
Extruded polystyrene r value
5 per inch
119
Common retaining wall failure
Settling
Overturning
Horizontal sliding
120
Best way to mitigate freeway noise
Vegetated berm
121
Accessory use
Less than 10% of the main occupancy
No fire separation needed
122
K bracing
Sideways k, open part down
123
Eccentric bracing
Like K bracing but bracing members do t meet in the middle
124
HVAC systems capable of heating a cooling
Through wall units
Packages terminal units
Heat pumps
Forced air
125
Ways to treat hard water
Reverse osmosis
Ion exchanger
Aeration
126
Effective passive cooling arrangement for hot arid climate
Courtyard with water feature
127
Where are large air handling units typically located
The roof
128
minimum width of an accessible ramp route between handrails
36"
129
minimum lot size for a detention pond to be effective
10 acres
130
Pocket wetland
suitable for up to 10 acres
moderate pollutant removals
wont attract wildlife
131
what part of a fire sprinkler system prevents water from flowing back into the city's water system
double check valve (first two Z symbols coming into the area)
132
ideal east west orientation for hot-humid climates
5 degrees off south
133
ideal east west orientation for cool climates
12 degrees off south
134
ideal east west orientation for hot-arid climates
25 degrees off south
135
ideal east west orientation for temperate climates
17.5 degrees off south
136
occupancy group U
137
classification of assembly areas of an occupancy load less than 50 and accessory to another use
B
138
classification of an assembly space that is less than 750 sf and is an accessory use
B
139
If assembly space is associated with use Group E is it a different classification?
No
140
Assembly spaces in a place of worship less that 100 occupants
not a separate use
141
higher education occupancy class
B
142
Group I (institutional)
Rehab centers, Assisted living, rehab, hospitals, jail, day care (more than 5 people)
143
Group M
Department Stores, Markets, Drug Stores, Greenhouses, Gas stations
144
Group S (storage)
non-hazardous storage: aircraft hangar, books, clothes, lumber, sugar, tires
145
Group U (Utility)
Agricultural buildings, barns, carports, grain siles, livestock shelters, stables, private garages,
146
Where in a budget is the developer fee location
Uses sections of a sources and uses budget
147
mortar types
n, s, m, o
O/N - low medium strength
S - medium high strength
M - high strength
147
capacity of a revolving door
25-35 people per minute
148
Common path or egress
portion of exit path where occupants only have one choice of an exit
149
uses where quick response fire sprinklers are required
Assisted Living, Multi-Family, Offices, Hotels
150
restaurants with less that 49 occupants
use group B
151
fire sprinkler used for areas with valuable materials (art, rare books, servers)
pre-action system - has a two step process before it releases water
153
Central all water systems
Fan coil terminals
Closed loop heat pumps
Hydronic convectors
154
Central all air systems
CAV
VAV
155
