PPC EXAM

Question 1

In (), gossip spread among the sepoys, the Indian soldiers, that the cartridges of their new Enfield rifles were greased with beef and pork fat. To use the cartridges, soldiers had to bite off the ends. Both Hindus, who consider the cow sacred, and Muslims, who do not eat pork, were outraged by the news.

Answer 1

1857

Question 2

 In some instances, popular media may feature predominantly lighter-skinned or foreign actors with darker skin or indigenous features. This practice reinforces the notion that whiteness or Western features are more desirable and can contribute to feelings of alienation among those who do not fit into these standards.

Answer 2

White-washing and Tokenism

Question 3

 Filipino popular culture may perpetuate racial stereotypes, often portraying certain racial or ethnic groups in a one-dimensional or caricatured manner. This can lead to the marginalization and stigmatization of these groups and contribute to intergroup tensions and discrimination.

Answer 3

Racial Stereotyping and Typecasting

Question 4

 Similar to many other countries, there exists a preference for lighter skin tones in the Philippines, which can perpetuate colorism and discrimination against those with darker skin. This preference often aligns with Eurocentric beauty standards, leading to the marginalization and underrepresentation of individuals with indigenous or darker racial backgrounds in popular media.

Answer 4

Colorism and Eurocentric Beauty Standards

Question 5

 There may be instances of cultural appropriation within Philippine popular culture, where elements of minority cultures are adopted and commodified by the dominant culture without proper acknowledgement or understanding. This can lead to the exploitation and misrepresentation of minority racial groups, reducing their identities to superficial and exoticized stereotypes.

Answer 5

Cultural Appropriation and Exotism

Question 6

 is the suppression of speech, public communication, or other information. This may be done on the basis that such material is considered objectionable, harmful, sensitive, or “inconvenient”. Censorship can be conducted by governments, private institutions, and other controlling bodies.

Answer 6

Censorship

Question 7

 Philippine popular culture sometimes glorifies toxic masculinity, promoting traits such as aggression, dominance, and emotional repression as desirable characteristics for men. This can perpetuate harmful behaviors and attitudes, including violence against women and other forms of gender-based discrimination.

Answer 7

Toxic Masculinity

Question 8

 Emphasizes that individuals experience discomfort whey they hold conflicting beliefs or attitudes. In the context of this study, cognitive dissonance could arise when people’s perception of stable prices contradicts the reality of inflation in goods. Consequently, individuals may adapt their perception of inflation to align with their existing beliefs or modify their perception of stable prices to account for the actual inflation they are experiencing.

Answer 8

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Question 9

 A crucial field of study, sheds light on the influence of psychological biases, such as loss aversion, overconfidence, and herd behavior, on consumer and market reactions to inflation. For instance, people might react to rising costs with actions like hoarding goods or overconsumption due to perceiving these price increases as a risk, potentially exacerbating inflationary pressures.

Answer 9

Behavioral Economics

Question 10

 Rooted in behavioral economics, highlights that people often place a higher value on avoiding losses compared to acquiring similar gains. In the context of inflation, consumers may exhibit heightened sensitivity to price rises as opposed to price decreases. This perception can significantly influence their purchasing patterns and broaden economic decision-making.

Answer 10

Prospect Theory-

Question 11

 is a set of social and behavioral norms that are generally considered appropriate for either man and woman in a social or interpersonal relationship.

Answer 11

gender role

Question 12

 (also cultural colonialism) comprises the cultural dimensions of imperialism. The word “imperialism” describes practices in which a country engages culture (language, tradition, and ritual, politics, economics) to create and maintain unequal social and economic relationships among social groups. Cultural imperialism often uses wealth, media power and violence to implement the system of cultural hegemony that legitimizes imperialism.

Answer 12

Cultural imperialism

Question 13

Who termed the ‘habitus’ and cultural capital

Answer 13

 Pierre Bourdieu

Question 14

 an award seeks to give honor to the Filipino individuals with outstanding share the cultural heritage and cultural identity the country by means of their valuable efforts and contribution to the Philippine arts specifically in the areas of Visual Arts, Dance, Music, Architecture Design and Allied Arts, Broadcast and Film, Theater, and Literature

Answer 14

Order of the National Artist Award or the Orden ng Pambansang Alagad ng Sining

Question 15

 Produced numerous works like songs, orchestral compositions, chamber music and cantatas. His famous songs sa Ugoy ng Duyan

Answer 15

Lucio San Pedro

Question 16

 refers to written works, including novels, poems, plays, and essays, that express ideas, emotions, and stories.

Answer 16

Literature

Question 17

 Refers to a place or art form where motion pictures are shown on a large screen. It involves the creation and exhibition of films, which are moving images that tell stories or convey ideas.

Answer 17

Cinema

Question 18

 Considered one of the first modern novels, this Spanish work follows the adventures of an eccentric knight and his loyal squire.

Answer 18

Don Quixote

Question 19

 is a specific type of Japanese short poem. that adheres to a specific three-line, seventeen- syllable format. Haikus, or haiku, are typically written on the subject of nature. The word haiku (pronounced hahy-koo) is derived from the Japanese word hokku meaning “starting verse.”(575)

Answer 19

A haiku

Question 20

 is a traditional Filipino poetic form that consists of four lines with seven syllables each. It is known for its simplicity and brevity, often focusing on themes like love, nature, and emotions. Tanagas typically do not have titles, and they aim to convey deep meanings within their concise structure.(7777)

Answer 20

The Tanaga

Question 21

 Is a channel or a tool of communication to provide information to the general public. A method which message is sent to an audience

Answer 21

Media or Mass Media?

Question 22

 refers to the government practice of strategically rearranging public holidays to create extended weekends. This practice is based on the idea that longer weekend provides opportunities for leisure activities, travel, family gatherings, shopping, and cultural events.

Answer 22

Holiday Economics

Question 23

 is a rise in prices, which can be translated as the decline of purchasing power over time. The rate at which purchasing power drops can be reflected in the average price increase of a basket of selected goods and services over some period of time. The rise in prices, which is often expressed as a percentage, means that a unit of currency effectively buys less than it did in prior periods.

Answer 23

Inflation

Question 24

AN ACT TO RECOGNIZE, PROTECT AND PROMOTE THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS CULTURAL COMMUNITIES/INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, CREATING A NATIONAL COMMISSION ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, ESTABLISHING IMPLEMENTING MECHANISMS, APPROPRIATING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

Answer 24

Republic Act 8371 or Indigenous Peoples Rights Acts

Question 25

 refers to a group of people or homogenous societies identified by self-ascription and ascription by others, who have continuously lived as organized community on communally bounded and defined territory, and who have, under claims of ownership, since time immemorial, occupied, possessed and utilized such territories, sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions and other distinctive cultural traits, or who have, through resistance to political, social and cultural inroads of colonization, non-indigenous religions and cultures, became historically differentiated from the majority of Filipinos.

Answer 25

Indigenous Peoples

Question 26

 Is the feeling of affinity or loyalty towards a particular population, cultural group, or territorial area. The term is complex because it has both racial and cultural overtones. It is a form of cultural identity, although it operates at a deeper and more emotional level.

Answer 26

Ethnicity

Question 27

 refers to a group of people who share a common ancestry. It refers to physical or genetic differences among humankind that distinguish one group of people from another such as skin and hair color, physique, and facial features.

Answer 27

Race

Question 28

 refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, expressions and identities of girls, women, boys, men, and gender diverse people.

Answer 28

Gender

Question 29

 refers to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of maleness or femaleness. Sex is determined by a combination of genetics and the presence or absence of hormones, testosterone and estrogen.

Answer 29

SEX