pp bab 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Fungsi pengurusan (POLC):

A
  1. PerancanganI
  2. Pengorganisasian
  3. Kepimpinan
  4. Pengawalan
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2
Q

Pendekatan pemikiran pengurusan :

A
  1. Pendekatan klasikal
  2. Pendekatan kemanusiaan/gelagat
  3. Pendekatan sains pengurusan/kuantitatif
  4. Pendekatan moden/kontemporari
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3
Q

Jenis kemahiran pengurusan :

A
  1. Kemahiran konseptual
  2. Kemahiran antara-perorangan/kemanusiaan
  3. Kemahiran teknikal
  4. Kemahiran pengurusan masa
  5. Kemahiran pembuatan keputusan
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4
Q

Jelaskan jenis perancangan mengikut :

A
  1. jangka masa (RJ panjang, RJ sederhana, RJ pendek)
  2. kegunaan (R sedia ada/tetap, R sekali guan / kegunaan tunggal)
  3. peringkat (R strategik, R taktikal, R operasi)
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5
Q

Proses perancangan :

A
  1. Menentukan matlamat dan objektif
  2. Menganalisis persekitaran perniagaan
  3. Membentuk alternatif tindakan
  4. Menilai alternatif
  5. Memilih alternatif tindakan
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6
Q

Alat perancangan :

A
  1. Analisis pulang modal
  2. Carta gantt
  3. Bajet
  4. Cara laluan genting/Critical Path Method (CPM)
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7
Q

Unsur perancangan strategik :

A
  1. Visi
  2. Misi
  3. Objektif
  4. Strategi dan taktik
  5. Dasar/polisi
  6. Prosedur
  7. Standard
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8
Q

Alat kawalan :

A
  1. Analisis titik pulang modal
  2. Bajet
  3. Carta gantt
  4. Analisis teknik menilai dan menyemak program (PERT)
  5. Cara laluan genting (CPM)
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9
Q

Kaedah kawalan :

A
  1. Kaedah kawalan awalan
  2. Kaedah kawalan semasa
  3. Kaedah kawalan selepas
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10
Q

Proses kawalan :

A
  1. Menetapkan standard
  2. Mengukur pencapaian
  3. Membandingkan pencapaian dengan standard
  4. Membuat langkah pembetulan
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11
Q

Pengawalan

A

Jenis kawalan dalaman :
1. Audit dalaman
2. Dasar organisasi
3. Prosedur kerja

Jenis kawalan luaran :
1. Audit luar
2. Peraturan
3. Undang-undang

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12
Q

Proses pembentukan pasukan :

A
  1. Pembentukan (forming)
  2. Peributan (storming)
  3. Penyesuaian (norming)
  4. Pelaksanaan (performing)
  5. Penangguhan (adjourning)
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13
Q

Teori motivasi :

A
  1. Teori motivasi Maslow
  2. Teori motivasi Herzberg
  3. Teori motivasi McGregor
  4. Teori motivasi McClelland
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14
Q

Gaya kepimpinan :

A
  1. Gaya kepimpinan autokratik
  2. Gaya kepimpinan demokratik
  3. Gaya kepimpinan laissez-faire
  4. Gaya kepimpinan kontingensi
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14
Q

Jenis kepimpinan :

A
  1. Kepimpinan transactional
  2. Kepimpinan transformational
  3. Kepimpinan karismatik
  4. Kepimpinan berwawasan (visionary)
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15
Q

Konsep pengorganisasian :

A
  1. Autoriti
  2. Tanggungjawab
  3. Akauntabiliti
  4. Pemusatan dan pemencaran autoriti
  5. Penugasan
  6. Empowermen
  7. Autoriti lini dan staf
  8. Jangkauan kawalan
  9. Rantaian arahan
16
Q

Jenis kuasa pemimpin :

A
  1. Kuasa sah
  2. Kuasa ganjaran
  3. Kuasa desakan
  4. Kuasa rujukan
  5. Kuasa kepakaran
17
Q

Manual organisasi :

A
  1. Fail meja
  2. Manual prosedur kerja
  3. Prosedur kualiti
18
Q

Penjabatanan:

A
  1. penjabatanan mengikut fungsi
  2. penjabatanan mengikut division (produk, pasaran, dan geografi)
  3. penjabatanan mengikut matriks
19
Q

Bentuk lain struktur organisasi:

A
  1. Struktur berdasarkan pasukan
  2. struktur berdasarkan projek
    Struktur berdasarkan unit perniagaan strategik (SBU).
  3. organisasi tanpa sempadan.