PP 1 - Applied Kinesiology

Question 1

Kinematic

Answer 1

Motion of Type, direction, quantity

Question 2

What are the planes of motion and the 3 rotation of axes?

Answer 2

They are called cardinal planes. The 3 axes are X,Y,Z

Question 3

What are the three cardinal planes or planes of movement?

Answer 3

Frontal (coronal) (xy) plane
Sagital ( median ) (yz) plane
Horizontal (transverse) (xz) plane

Question 4

Planes and axes all three meet at :

Answer 4

Center of gravity. As the body moves the center of gravity does as well.

Question 5

Sagittal plane moves on a ____ axis & ____ movements

Answer 5

Medial- lateral axis & flexion and extension movement.

Question 6

Frontal plane moves on a ____ axis & _____ movement.

Answer 6

Anterior- posterior axis & abduction & addiction movement.

Question 7

Horizontal plane moves on a ______ axis & _____ movement.

Answer 7

Superior-inferior axis & rotation movement.

Question 8

Flexion

Answer 8

Bending movement around a joint.

Question 9

Extension

Answer 9

Movement increasing the angle between two body parts.

Question 10

Dorsiflexion & plantar flexion

Answer 10

Dorsi: flexion at the ankle

Plantar flexion: extension at the ankle.

Question 11

Deviation

Answer 11

Turning away or aside from normal point or course.

Question 12

Lateral flexion

Answer 12

Movement of body part in a lateral direction. ( sideways movement )

Question 13

Internal rotation

Answer 13

Rotating a joint towards the midline ( movement towards the center of the body )

Question 14

External rotation

Answer 14

Rotating a joint away from the midline. (movement away from the body)

Question 15

Pronation

Answer 15

dynamic movement of the foot that includes dorsiflexion, eversion, and abduction

Question 16

Supination

Answer 16

(Palm facing up) describes the motion of turning the palm anteriorly

Question 17

Inversion

Answer 17

the bottom of the foot (sole) turns so that it faces toward the body’s midline, in a medial orientation.

Question 18

Eversion

Answer 18

the opposition motion occurs: the bottom of the foot turns so that it faces away from the body’s midline (outward)

Question 19

Retraction

Answer 19

shoulder blades to move back (posteriorly) and toward the body’s midline (medially)

Question 20

Protraction

Answer 20

moves the scapula forward (anteriorly) and toward the side of the body (laterally)

Question 21

Osteokinematics

Answer 21

Bone movement. Produced by muscles. Occurs in one plane of the body & around their corresponding axis.

Question 22

Types of motion

Answer 22

Translatory motion ( linear ) 
Curvilinear 
Rotary motion ( angular )

Question 23

Translatory ( liner ) motion

Answer 23

Along or parallel to an axis.

Travel same distance, same direction, and same velocity.

Question 24

Curvilinear motion

Answer 24

Object travels on curved path

Question 25

Rotary motion ( angular )

Answer 25

In a circule around an axis.
Has different velocities.
Joint motions occur around an axis and are rotatory.

Question 26

Degrees of freedom

Answer 26

Ability of the body to transform joint angular or rotary motion into Translatory motion. 
# of planes within each joint moves. 

Max of 3 DOF

Question 27

Arthrokinematics

Answer 27

How 2 articulating joint surfaces move on each other.

Question 28

Three forms of arthrokinematics:

Answer 28

Synathrodial ( 2 types )
Amphiarthrodial ( 3 types )
Diarthrodial ( 6 types )

Question 29

Synarthrodial joints

Answer 29

Immovable/ slight movement joints.
• lack articular cavity. ( No DOF)
• Fibrous structure :
suture & syndesmosis.

Ex: skull

Question 30

Amphiathrodial joint

Answer 30

Limited movable joints which lack an articular cavity.
• no DOF
• cartilaginous joints :
symphysis pubis( bony surface) intervertebral discs, & 1st sternocoastal joint.
Ex: fibia & tibia

Question 31

Diarthroidal joints

Answer 31

Joints which are freely movable and contained in an articular cavity.
- are classified according to # of planes of movement that are available. ( DOF)
Basic structure.
Contains :
joint capsule, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, ligaments, cartilage ( fibrous, hyaline, elastic) , and bursae.

Question 32

Nonaxial ( diarthroidal joints )

Answer 32

Gliding joints aka “ plane joints”
- no axis of movement.
- movement is allowed in any direction.
Ex: Inter-carpal joints of wrist, foot.

Question 33

Uniaxial ( diarthrodial joints)

Answer 33

Hinge joint ( ginglymus joint )
- one axis of rotation allowing movement in one plane. ( 1 DOF )
Ex - Elbow, ankle, knee.

Question 34

Uniaxial (diarthrodial joint )

Answer 34

Pivot/screw joint
Aka ( trochoid joint )

• rotational movement
• 1 DOF
• atlantoaxial joint
• proximal radio ulnar joint

Question 35

Biaxial joint ( diarthrodial )

Answer 35

Two axes allowing movement in two perpendicular planes ( 2 DOF )

• ellipsoid joint -> radio carpal joint of wrist

Question 36

Biaxial joint

Answer 36

Condyloidal joints

• movement in two planes without rotation.

Ex: wrist between radius & proximal carpals.
- metacarpophalngeal joints of hand

Question 37

Biaxial joint

Answer 37

Saddle joint
- similar to ball & socket motion w/o slight rotation.
• only in metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb

Question 38

Triaxial joint

Answer 38

Multiple axes allowing multiple planes of movement. ( 3 DOF )
Ball and socket joints: hip, glenohumeral joints

Question 39

Osteokinematics

Answer 39

Bones rotate around each other (elbow flexion). During this process joint surfaces undergo simultaneous Arthrokinematic motion ( rolling or rocking , sliding/ gliding, spinning)

Question 40

Motion is critical to ____

Answer 40

Function