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Physical Examination > Powerpoints Female > Flashcards

Powerpoints Female Flashcards

1
Q

What is full term?

A

37 weeks

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2
Q

What are the best cycle days for conception?

A

days 10-18

QOD coitus

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3
Q

What weeks for the first trimester?

A

0-13 weeks

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4
Q

What weeks make up the second trimester?

A

14-26 weeks

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5
Q

What weeks make up the third trimester?

A

27-40 weeks

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6
Q

What weeks make up the post dates?

A

> 41 weeks

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7
Q

How is plasma volume affected by 32 weeks?

A

increased by 50%, RBCs only 25%

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8
Q

What is a normal WBC count?

A

Leukocytosis <30,000 WBCs

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9
Q

What is a common platelet count?

A

thrombocytosis >300,000 platelets

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10
Q

How is fibrinogen affected?

A

increase by 50%

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11
Q

How is PT/PTT affected?

A

shortened PT-PTT

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12
Q

What are the iron needs during pregnancy?

A

1,000 mg / 40 weeks

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13
Q

How is cardiac output affected at 24 weeks? and at term?

A

at 24 weeks increase by 40%

100% at term

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14
Q

How is blood volume affected?

A

increase 50%

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15
Q

How is HR affected?

A

increase 15 bpm

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16
Q

What murmur is common in 90% of gravida?

A

pansystolic murmur

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17
Q

When is peripheral edema common?

A

> 28 weeks

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18
Q

BP decreases until _____ to ___ weeks.

A

24-28 weeks

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19
Q

What heart sound is common in >50% gravida?

A

S3 gallop

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20
Q

EKG may show what?

A

left axis deviation

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21
Q

When is vena canal compression common?

A

> 28 weeks

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22
Q

How does the vasculature change?

A

decreased systemic and pulmonary vasculature resistance

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23
Q

What are common symptomatic pulmonary changes? (4)

A

nasal congestion
nasal edema
epistaxis
polyposis

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24
Q

How is ventilation affected?

A

hyperventilation increase 45%

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25
Q

How causes hyperventilation changes?

A

secondary to increased CO2 burden and mechanical changes

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26
Q

What % is dyspnea common?

A

65%

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27
Q

What are common pulmonary function changes?

A

minute ventilation increases by 30-40%
increase tidal volume 30-40%
decreased total lung capacity by 5%
decreased pCO2 with comp respiratory alkalosis

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28
Q

What remains unchanged on PFT? (4)

A

FEV1
Peak flow
vital capacity
respiratory rate

29
Q

When does N&V peak?

A

6-14 weeks

30
Q

What causes pyrosis?

A

decreased lower esophageal sphincter tone and increased gastric pressure

31
Q

What are common hepatic changes? (4)

A

cholesterol increase 200%
fibrinogen and coat factors increase
albumin decreases
alk phos increases

32
Q

What are the common changes in the gallbladder? (3)

A

increase bile
increases stasis
increase stones

33
Q

How long does it take for cholesterol to return to normal postpartum?

A

may take a full year

34
Q

What are the GU changes in pregnancy?

A

Increase kidney ca 1 cm
increase in renal calyx and retail diameters
hydroureter & hydronephrosis

35
Q

What causes the increase in hydroureter & hydronephrosis?

A

secondary to obstruction & slowing

36
Q

How is filtration of the kidney affected? (5)

A 
increase renal plasma flow 75%
increase GFR 50% by 28 weeks
Increase creat clearance 40%
Increase glucose loss
Decrease both creatinine and uric acid
37
Q

Is protein loss normal in pregnancy?

A

NO

38
Q

How are the adrenals affected?

A

increased cortisol & DHEAS (androgen)

39
Q

How does fat metabolism change?

A

increased lipolysis

40
Q

What % is spider angiomata seen?

A

65% of gravida

41
Q

When is hair loss common?

A

2-4 months postpartum, regrowth by 12 months

42
Q

What are the ocular changes?

A

increased corneal thickness & radius of curvature

decreased intraoccular pressure

43
Q

What is the necessary calcium intake?

A

1,400mg/day

3 ES TUMS/day

44
Q

What are the additional energy needs?

A

300kcal/day

45
Q

When are prenatal care visits every 2 weeks?

A

at 36 weeks

46
Q

WHen is the Quad alphaFP screen done?

A

15-20 weeks

47
Q

When is the ultrasound done?

A

16-20 weeks

48
Q

What leads are done at 28 weeks?

A

1 hr GCT
Rh Antibodies
Hb
UA C&S

49
Q

When are you thinking ectopic pregnancy?

A

with beta hCG does NOT double with spotting

50
Q

When should fundal height increase 1cm/week?

A

20-30 weeks

51
Q

How many weeks does fundal height become less reliable?

A

after 30 weeks

52
Q

When is quickening noted in the landmarks of pregnancy?

A

17-19 weeks

53
Q

When is the gestational sac seek on US?

A

5 weeks

54
Q

When is the fetal pole seen on US?

A

6 weeks

55
Q

When is fetal heart motion SEEN on US?

A

7 weeks

to rule out ectopic

56
Q

What are complications of the hematologic?

A

DVT & PE

57
Q

What are complications of the cardiovascular system? (3)

A

cardiomyopathy
dysrhythmias
CHF

58
Q

What are complications of the pulmonary system?

A

asthma

pneumonia

59
Q

What are dermatologic complications of pregnancy?

A

PUPP

Herpes gestationis

60
Q

What is a complication of pregnancy that results in painful bleeding?

A

Abruptio placenta

61
Q

What is a complication of pregnancy that results in painless bleeding?

A

Placenta Previa

62
Q

What is the 1st stage of labor?

A

beginning contractions to complete dilation

63
Q

What are the 2 parts of the first stage of labor?

A

latent phase: until dilation begins

active phase: time of dilation

64
Q

What is the average ‘active phase’ in primip?

A

6-18 hours

minimum 0.5cm/hour

65
Q

What is the average ‘active phase’ in multip?

A

2-10 hours

minimim 1.0cm/hour

66
Q

What is the second stage of labor?

A

complete dilation to delivery of the infant

67
Q

What is the third stage of labor?

A

delivery of indent to delivery of placenta

less than 30 minutes

68
Q

What are the stages of head crowning?

A 
anteroposterior slit
oval opening
circular shape
crowning
extension
with
restitution
69
Q

Which shoulder is delivered first?

A

anterior shoulder

Physical Examination (9 decks)

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