Powerpoints and Notes Flashcards
What is culturally responsive care?
___________ ___________ ________ is care that is centered on the client’s cultural perspectives and integrates the client’s values and beliefs into the plan of care.
How do you deliver culturally responsive care?
Nurse must first develop self-awareness of his/her own cultures, attitudes, and beliefs
Examine the biases and assumptions nurse holds about different cultures.
Nurse needs to gain necessary knowledge and skills to create an environment of trust between nurse and client.
Knowledge needs to include understanding of health disparities, historical and current portrayals of racial and ethnic groups in society.
Cultural understanding, avoiding generalizations, and obtaining cultural assessment skills are essential in understanding client’s viewpoint, and learning what the client values as important.
Define culture.
_________ is the thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups.
Described as the learned and shared patterns of information that a group used to generate meaning among its members.
Describe the difference between macro-cultures and micro-cultures.
Macro-cultures: national, ethnic, or racial groups
Micro-cultures: gender, age, or religious beliefs
Combine to shape the individual’s worldview and influence interaction with others.
Describe what a subculture is.
A __________ is composed of people who have a distinct identitiy and yet are related to a larger cultural group. Generally share ethnic origin or physical characteristics with the larger cultural group.
Examples: nurses,, feminists, etc.
Describe bicultural.
__________ is used to describe a person who has dual patterns of identification and crosses two cultures, lifestyles, and sets of values.
Example: child may be influenced by both mom and dad’s heritage
Define diversity.
_________ refers to the fact or state of being different.
Factors like sex, age, culture, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, educational attainment, religious affiliation, etc. are all influential.
Diversity occurs not only between cultural groups but within a cultural group as well.
Describe what race is.
________ has been used to refer to groupings of people according to common origin or background and associated with perceived biologic markers.
Ideas about race are culturally and socially transmitted and form the basis of racism, racial classification, and often complex racial identities.
*Hispanic is not classified by race, but rather by ethnicity.
Define ethnicity.
_________ is a term interchangeable with race. May be viewed as a relationship between individuals who believe that they have distinctive characteristics that make them a group.
May shift over time, people move into other ethnic groups, labeling can become problematic.
What is nationality?
____________ refers to the sovereign state or country where one has membership, which may be through birth, inheritance, or through naturalization.
People can be multinational
Define religion.
_______ is considered a system of beliefs, practices, and ethical values about divine or superhuman power worshipped as the creator(s) and ruler(s) of the universe
One’s religion is often determined by one’s ethnic group.
Illness is sometimes seen as punishment for the violation of religious codes and morals.
Define ethnocentrism.
___________ is the belief in the superiority of one’s own culture and lifestyle. Other viewpoints are often seen as different, wrong, and/or of lesser importance.
Xenophobia: the fear or dislike of people different from one’s self.
What is prejudice?
___________ is a preconceived notion or judgment that is based on sufficient knowledge.
May be favorable or unfavorable
Unfavorable can lead to stereotyping and discriminatory behavior toward groups of people.
Define racism.
_____ refers to assumptions held about racial groups. Assumptions include the belief that races are biologically discrete and exclusive groups that are inherently unequal and ranked hierarchically.
Institutional racism: system of advantage based on race where racial prejudice is combined with social power to implement racist policies and practices.
What is discrimination?
__________ refers to the differential and negative treatment of individuals on the basis of their race, ethnicity, gender, or other group membership.
Institutional discrimination: the uneven access by group membership to resources, status, and power resulting from policies and practices of organizations and institutions.
Define what generalizations are.
_____________ are statements about common cultural patterns.
May or may not be true at the individual.
Generalizations are often interpreted as statements describing every individual in a drop, which leads to stereotyping.
What is stereotyping?
_____________ refers to making the assumption that an individual reflects all characteristics associated with being a member of a group.
Stereotyping is a barrier to communication and understanding and propagates discriminatory behavior.
Describe cultural sensitivity.
_________ __________ implies that nurses possess some BASIC knowledge of and constructive attitudes toward the health traditions observed among the diverse cultural groups found in the setting in which they practice.
Describe what culturally appropriate means.
__________ ____________ implies that nurses must apply the underlying background knowledge that must be possessed to provide a given client with the best possible health care.
Define what it means to be culturally competent.
Culturally competent implies that, within the delivered care, nurses understand and attend to the total context of the client’s situation and use a COMPLEX combination of knowledge, attitudes, and skills.
Define health disparities.
________ __________ are the differences in care experienced by one population compared with another population.
Describe some examples of health disparities.
Blacks had rate of AIDS 10x higher than Whites.
Hispanics had rate 3x higher than non-hispanic whites.
Asian adults age 65 and over were 50% more likely than Whites to lack immunization against pneumonia
According to the USDHHS, what are the two major factors contributing to health disparities?
Inadequate access to care: From economic, geographic, linguistic, cultural, and healthcare financing.
Substandard quality of care: provider-client miscommunication, provider discrimination, stereotyping, or prejudice. Usually rated on four measures: effectiveness, client safety, timeliness, and client centeredness.
Define acculturation.
___________ is the involuntary process that occurs when people adapt to or borrow traits from another culture. The member of the non dominant cultural group is often forced to learn the new culture to survive.
Can also be defined as the changes of one’s cultural patterns to those of the host society.
