Powerpoint Flashcards
True or False. Oral contraceptive use is a risk factor of chlamydia.
True.
True or False. Chlamydia is the second most frequently reported disease in the U.S.
False. It is the most frequently reported.
What are the 2 major ways that chlamydia are transmitted?
- Sexual
2. Vertical
What is the incubation period of chlamydia?
7-21 days.
What is a consequence of chlamydia exposure to the neonate?
Conjunctivitis.
What is one cause of NGU in men?
Chlamydia
What are some symptoms of NGU in men?
Mucopurulent, mucoid or clear urethral discharge, dysuria.
Name 2 major complications of chlamydia in men?
- Epididymitis
- Reiter’s Syndrome (also known as reactive arthritis, which involves the joints, urethra, and eyes in response to infections)
*> 50% are asymptomatic
What is epididymitis?
A consequence of chlamydia in men that manifest as swollen or tender testicles.
What 2 major female reproductive organs is usually affected by chlamydia in women?
- Cervicitis
2. Urethritis
In women, what are the signs and symptoms of chlamydia?
Most are asymptomatic.
If symptoms do occur, may manifest as mucopurulent endocervical discharge, edematous cervical ectopy with erythema and friability.
Dysuria, urinary frequency, pyuria
Name 3 major complications of chlamydia in women?
- PID (salphingitis and endometritis)
- Perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis-Syndrome)
- Reiter’s Syndrome
What are 2 major perinatal manifestations of chlamydia?
- Inclusion conjunctivitis
2. Pneumonia
What 3 major test technologies are used for chlamydia?
- Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests (NAATs)
- Non-Amplification Tests
- Serology
What is the gold standard of chlamydia diagnosis?
Culture. It is not suitable for widespread screening. It is highly specific.
What is the major benefit of using the NAAT for chlamydia?
It can also detect N.gonorrhoeae in the same specimen.
What is the disadvantage of using the NAAT to dectect chlamydia?
It can not be used rectally or pharyngeally.
What is the difference between the amplification (NAAT) and the non amplification test in detecting chlamydia?
The amplification test amplify and detect organism specific genome DNA or RNA.
The non amplification test uses fluorescent (DFA), enzymes (EIA), or DNA/RNA (NA probe).
When is serology used for cases of detecting chlamydia?
Rarely used for complicated infections. It is mostly used in the criteria used in LGV diagnosis.
What are the CDC recommended regimens for the treatment of uncomplicated genital chlamydial infections?
Azithromycin 1 g orally in a single dose, OR
Doxycycline 100 mg orally twice daily for 7 days
What are the CDC recommended ALTERNATIVE regimens for the treatment of uncomplicated genital chlamydial infections?
Erythromycin
Ofloxacin
Levofloxacin
What are the CDC recommended regimens for the treatment of uncomplicated genital chlamydial infections in PREGNANT women?
Azithromycin 1 g orally in a single dose OR
Amoxicillin 500 mg orally 3 times a day for 7 days
*Alternative is Erythromycin
What are the CDC recommended regimens for the treatment of neonatal conjunctivitis and/or pneumonia?
Erythromycin base or ethylsuccinate 50mg/kg/day orally divided into 4 doses daily for 14 days.
What are the CDC recommended regimens for the treatment of uncomplicated chlamydial in children who weigh <45 kg?
Erythromycin base or ethylsuccinate 50 mg/kg/day orally divided into 4 doses daily for 14 days.
