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Social Science > Power Sharing > Flashcards

Power Sharing Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is Belgium?

A

It is a small country in europe.

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2
Q

Which countries have borders with Belgium?

A

France, Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.

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3
Q

Population of Belgium?

A

1 crore

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4
Q

Ethnic Composition of Belgium

A

59% lives in flemish region and speak dutch, 40% lives in the wallonia region and speak french, rest 1% speak german.

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5
Q

Ethnic composition in Brussels

A

80% speak french and 20% speak Dutch

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6
Q

The principle of majoritarianism led to a Civil War in which country.

A

Sri Lanka

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7
Q

Tamil natives of Sri Lanka are called

A

Srilankan Tamil

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8
Q

linguistic composition of Belgium

A

59% speaks Dutch, 40% speaks French and 1% speaks German

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9
Q

which language was recognised as the official language after independence in Sri Lanka

A

Sinhala

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10
Q

which are the two major ethnic groups of Belgium

A

Dutch and French

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11
Q

most of the Sinhala speaking people in Sri Lanka are

A

buddhists

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12
Q

Sri Lanka became independent in the year

A

1948

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13
Q

what does Tamil eelam mean

A

Tamil State

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14
Q

there is a third kind of government apart from the Central and the state government in Belgium. What is this government known as?

A

Community government

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15
Q

act was passed to recognise Sinhala as the only official language in which year

A

1956

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16
Q

Brussels was chosen the headquarters of what

A

European Union

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17
Q

The new constitution of Sri Lanka shall protect and foster what

A

Buddhism

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18
Q

what is a community government?

A

A community government is a government in which is different social groups can handle the affairs of their communities

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19
Q

Which community was relatively rich and powerful in Belgium

A

Minority French-speaking community was relatively rich and powerful in Belgium

20
Q

why was the tension between Dutch speaking at the French speaking people more acute in Brussels?

A

The reason was the Dutch speaking. People constituted a majority in the country, but a minority in the capital.

21
Q

Sri Lanka has a diverse population. Explain or what are the major social groups of Sri Lanka?

A

The major social groups of Sri Lanka are Sinhala speakers and Tamil speakers among Tamil is there to sub groups which are Srilankan Tamil and Indian Tamil.

22
Q

in which part of Sri Lanka or Srilankan Tamil is concentrated?

A

Srilankan Tamils are concentrated in the north and east of the country

23
Q

Which community in Sri Lanka enjoys majority

A

Sinhala community enjoys majority in Sri Lanka

24
Q

mention any two measures adopted by the majoritarian government in Sri Lanka to establish Sinhala supremacy there

A

Sinhala was recognised as the official language disregarding the Tamil. preferential policies were adopted to favour Sinhala applicants for university positions and government jobs

25
Q

What give birth to the feeling of alienation among Srilankan Tamil?

A

Sri Lanka government adopted a series of majoritarian measures to establish Sinhala supremacy in the country. This gave birth to the feeling of alienation among the Sri Lankan Tamil’s

26
Q

What did the Srilankan Tamil’s want?

A

they wanted the recognition of Tamil as an official language, regional autonomy and equality of opportunity in securing education and jobs

27
Q

what did the Sri Lankan Tamil’s do to get their due

A

They launched parties and struggles

28
Q

How did Sri Lanka respond its ethnic problem?

A

It followed policy of majoritarianism

29
Q

which religion to most of the Sinhala speaking people of Sri Lanka follow

A

Buddhism

30
Q

how did the Belgium solve their ethnic problem? Mention two points?

A

First Belgium, respected the feelings and interests of different communities and regions. Second, the developed a power sharing mechanism.

31
Q

what is the difference between Prudential reasons and moral reasons of power-sharing?

A

Prudential reasons stressed that power sharing will bring out better outcomes where as moral reasons emphasise the very act of power-sharing as valuable

32
Q

what is power shared among different organs of government called?

A

Power shared among different organs of the government is called horizontal distribution of power

33
Q

Mention two positive aspects of power-sharing

A

First, it accommodate social diversity is second, no organ can exercise unlimited power

34
Q

why is power-sharing good?

A

Power-sharing reduces the possibility of conflict between different social groups

35
Q

what is division of powers between higher and lower levels of government called

A

It is called vertical division of power

36
Q

what is power-sharing?

A

when the power does not rest with anyone organ of the state, rather it is shared among legislature, executive and judiciary. It is called power-sharing.

37
Q

What is called federal division of power

A

The system of sharing power among the government at different levels is called federal division of power

38
Q

When did the Belgian leaders amend their constitution?

A

Between 1970 and 1993, the Belgian leaders amended the Constitution for four times

39
Q

What led to a civil war in Sri Lanka?

A

The distrust between the Sinhala and Tamil community is turned into a widespread conflict and soon turned into a Civil War

40
Q

Mention any one characteristic of power-sharing

A

It gives the people right to be consulted or any other characteristics

41
Q

how and when was Sinhala recognised as the official language of Sri Lanka?

A

Sinhala was recognised as the official language of Sri Lanka by passing an act in 1956

42
Q

which type of powers does the community government of Belgium enjoy

A

Government has the power regarding culture, education and language related issues.

43
Q

Elaborate how Belgium had reserved the conflicts of the country

A

Between 1970 and 1993, the amended the Constitution is four times so as to work out an arrangement that would enable everyone to live together with in the same country. The arrangement they worked out is different from any other country and is very innovative.

44
Q

highlight the importance of necessity of having a power, sharing arrangement in a country

A

First, it reduces the conflict in a country. Second people are happy satisfied and are able to live peacefully in a country. Third, it leads to unity of the country and also increases the political stability of the country. Fourth economic growth of the country increases leading to more opportunities and better outcomes. Fifth democracy is a very spirit of power-sharing as people can participate in the decision making process of the country in different ways.

45
Q

Explain horizontal mode of power-sharing

A

first, it is called horizontal because all the organs are placed at the same level and have equal amount of power. Second, all the organs have separate powers third under this system there is a process of check and balances in which all the organs keep a check on other to make sure that the other organ does not participate in excessive powers.

46
Q

explain vertical mode of power-sharing

A

it divides the power at different levels. This system is also known as federal division of power-sharing. This system do not have the same power in different levels but are independent to each other.

47
Q

What are the features of the Belgian Constitution?

A

The Belgian leaders amended their constitution for four times between 1970 and 1993. Equal power-sharing between the Dutch and French speaking ministers in the central government state government were given power. Brussels has a separate government in which both the communities have equal representation, community government which has the power regarding cultural and educational and language related issues.

Social Science (2 decks)

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