Poverty And Pauperism

Question 1

1798 Malthus

Answer 1

“An Essay on the Principle of the Population”
As population grows, food production grows. Malthusian Crisis- Irish famine of 1848
The practice of utilitarianism

Question 2

What year did the Select Committee find that Poor Law officials were corrupt?

Answer 2

1817

Question 3

Select Committee reports what in 1824…

Answer 3

Speenhamland system made people lazy and farmers weren’t paying sufficient wages

Question 4

What was the Speenhamland System?

Answer 4

Deducting wages from workers rather than supporting those without work

Question 5

What was the cost of poor relief in 1830?

Answer 5

£7 million a year

Question 6

1834

Answer 6

Poor Law Amendment Act

Stopped outdoor relief, less eligibility, people can’t take advantage of the system

Question 7

Andover Scandal

Answer 7

1845
Connor McDougal
Starvation, forced them to crush bones with a 28 pound solid iron “rammer”
Publicised by New Poor Law Act critics- John Walter wrote in “The Times”

Question 8

Name 2 Friendly Societies

Answer 8

Manchester unity of Odd Fellows

Ancient Order of Foresters

Question 9

How did literature help the poor?

Answer 9

Charles Dickens-
Experienced poverty first hand
“Oliver Twist”, themes of poverty, injustice and punishment
Dickens was a critic of the New Poor Law

Question 10

What book did Samuel Smiles write?

Answer 10

“Self-help”

1859

Question 11

Which organisation was set up in 1869?

Answer 11

The charity organisation

Question 12

What did the Charity Organisation do?

Answer 12

Gave aid to those who needed it most

Question 13

Education Act

Answer 13

1870

Question 14

1875

Answer 14

Compulsory Public Health Act

Question 15

When was the Speenhamland system first introduced?

Answer 15

1795, to some southern counties, set the rate of outdoor relief to the price of a loaf of bread

Question 16

What did Joseph Townsend release in 1786?

Answer 16

“Dissertation on the Poor Laws” - criticises system of subsidies. Rather than helping society, poor relief actively denies the full extent of the lesson real poverty could provide

Question 17

What was the north/south divide of relief?

Answer 17

Between 1802-03, 10% of those in the north received relief compared to 23% in the south

Question 18

How much money was spent on poor relief between 1814-1818?

Answer 18

£6.4 million

Question 19

When was the Poor Employment Act passed and what was it?

Answer 19

1817 - granted public money to employ the poor in public places

Question 20

What law was passed in 1819?

Answer 20

Act to Amend the Laws for Relief of the Poor

Question 21

When was the Royal Commission on Poor Relief set up?

Answer 21

1832

Question 22

What Order was passed in 1836?

Answer 22

General Prohibitory Order passed - forbidding outdoor relief

Question 23

How many workhouses were built by the end of 1839?

Answer 23

350

Question 24

When did the Anti-Poor Law movement begin?

Answer 24

1837

Question 25

When was the Poor Law Commission replaced by the Poor Law Board? Why?

Answer 25

1847. Made the Board answerable to Parliament and had to provide inspectors to make sure conditions were safe

Question 26

What Act was passed in 1867?

Answer 26

Metropolitan Poor Law Act. Required separate medical facilities in workhouses