Poverty and Development

Question 1

Define poverty

Answer 1

• deprivation
• lack or insufficient access to basic necessities and resources needed to meet basic human needs
• low incomes and the inability to acquire the basic goods and services necessary for survival with dignity

Question 2

Types of Poverty

Answer 2

Absolute
Relative
Situational
Generational
Rural
Urban

Question 3

What are the causes of poverty?

Answer 3

Lack of educational skills
Unemployment and Underemployment
Agricultural Distress + Rural Poverty
Social Inequality + Discrimination
Inadequate Social Protection
Rapid Urbanization and Informal Sector
Poor Infrastructure and Limited access to basic services

Question 4

Poverty Estimations ? When they were done? Committees?

Answer 4

Pre-Independence
- National Planning Committee (1938)
- Bombay Plan (1944)
Post-Independence
- Planning Commission (1962)
- Y.K Alagh Committee (1979)
- Lakdawala Committee(1993)
-NITI Aaayog Task Force

Question 5

Why does poverty still exist?

Answer 5

Heavy pressure on th epopulation
Unemployment + underemployment
Lack of inclusive economic growth
Failure to enact land reforms
Inflation and Food Prices
Shortage of capital and Able Entrepreneurship
Social Factors
Political Elements
Climate Variables

Question 6

Actions to Address Issues of Poverty?

Answer 6

More Citizen Participation
Accelerating Economic Growth
Growth of Non-Farm Employment
Providing Access to More Assets to Vulnerable Sections
Institutional Credit Access

Question 7

Poverty Alleviation Programmes

Answer 7

IRDP
PM Gramin Awaas Yojana
NOAPS
NFBS
Annapurna
Food for Work
MGNREGA
National Food Security Mission
PM Jan Dhan Yojana
PM Kushal Vikas Yojana
PMUY
PM SVanidhi

Question 8

Developemnt - Poverty Matrix

Answer 8

Quadrant 1: High Development, Low Poverty
Quadrant 2: High Development, High Poverty
Quadrant 3: Low Development, Low Poverty
Quadrant 4: Low Development, High Poverty

Question 9

What are the factors influencing the Poverty - Development Matrix?

Answer 9

Economic
Social
Political
Environmental

Question 10

What are the reasons for the ineffectiveness of poverty alleviation programs?

Answer 10

Not being able to identify target families properly
Overlapping of schemes
Overpopulation
Corruption

Question 11

Why is the employment generation important in poverty alleviation in India?

Answer 11

Increase income levels of the poor
Reduce poverty rate
Decrease urban-rural migration
Help in accessing basic facilities