Poultry French Flashcards
Seen in farms with poor sanitation
Polyserositis (Airsacculitis, Pericarditis, Omphalitis, Synovitis,…)
Tx: abs
Colibacillosis–> e. colli
Affects yound chicks and turkey
Transmitted through adult carriers
Adults have no CS
Young have reduced hatching, anorexia, whitish diarhea with pasty vents
On necropsy there are GRAY nodules on all organs and swollen joints
Cull
Salmonellosis –> salmonella pullorum
***Transmission through eggshell Higher mortality then the other strian Lasts for months in the environment Young become poor doowers Adults get PALE AND SHRUNKEN COMBS AND WATTLES
Salmonellosis –> Fowl Typhoid –> salmonella gallinarum
All ages affected but mostly older birds
Infected breeders pass it through the egg
In turkeys –> SWELLING AROUND THE EYES
NC–> TRIAD LESIONS–> Airsacculitis, perihepatitis, adhesive pericarditis
Dx–> agglutination test
Tx–> Tylan
Mycoplasmosis –> Mycoplasmosis gallisepticum
Common in multi age commercial layer flock
Passed thorugh eggs or respiratory tract
Synovial membranes affected= lameness, joint swelling , ruffled feathers and pale combs
Mycopalsmosis –> Mycoplasmosis Synoviae
Flocks under stress get it
Spread by carrier birds –> remove sick and dead
CS–> Sudden death, oral/nasal discharge. White or green diarrhea. In chronic disease swollen wattles, joints, feet and eyes.
NC–> hemorrhage on heart and mm
Pasteurellosis –> pasteurella multocida –> fowl cholera
Who–> older birds –> CAN BE ZOONOTIC especially in immunosuppressed individuals
NEC–> yellow nodules on intestines
CULL
Avian tuberculosis –> Mycobacterium avium
Usually secondary to primary intestinal disease
Causes of acute disease and sudden death, distended intestines
NC–> intestines contain brwn fluid and bad odor
tx–> bacitracin, penicillin
Necrotic Enteritis –> Clostridium perfringens
Turkeys under 3 months
Casesos cores in ceca
No tx
Histomoniasis –> Black head (hitomonas meleagridis)
Silent carriers or chronically ill transmit
Inhalation of infectious aerosols
Thick YELLOWISH OCULONASAL discharge
NC–> Cheesy exudate in conjunctival sacs, edema of face and wattles
Tx–> depop repop
Infectious Coryza –> avibactrerium paragallinarum
Mostly turkeys - Rare dz Spores found in the environment Cuases difficulty breathng NC--> yellowish nodules in lungs Tx environemtn
Aspergillosis
Common
Disease of upper digestive tract predisposed by poor sanitaiton
CROP DOESNT EMTPY “SOUR CROP”
NC–> raised whitish lesions
Thrush –> candida albicans
Whitish crusts on combs and wattles
tx nystatin topically
Favus–> Microsporum gallinae
Grows on old saw dust
CS–> neuro signs, incordination, torticollis, paralysis
Dactylariosis –> Dactylaria gallopava
Liver cell disruption –> jaundice
Anorexia and emaciation
Aflatoxin –> aspargillus
Blood vessel constriction, necorisis of peripheral tissue
Nervous signs
NC–> gangrene like lesion
Ergotism
affects the kidney –> pale swollen kidney
treat with Vitamin C
Ochratoxin
High mortality at 3 weeks of age
Chicks –> inability to move, curled toes
Turkeys= dermatitis, crusty eyes, mouth and vent
Vitamin B12 –> riboflavin
Inflammation around eyes, drowsiness, ataxia, pale combs
White pustules in esophagu
VItamin A -
3 syndromes
1. Encephalomalacia
2. Exudative diathesis –> severe edema of skin
3. Muscular Dystophy (MD)
NC–> bluish green edema, white muscle , swollen brian
Vitamin E
Young birds–> lameness, retarded growth, enlargment of ends of bones, birds sit in squatting position
Rubbery bone
Rickets –> Vitamin D, C:P ration
***Only chickens affected all ages
CS 48 hrs post infection–> resp signs , decreased egg PRODUCTION BY 50%–> THIN SHELL & WATERY ALBUMIN
Infectious Bronchitis –> Coronavirus
Broilers affected
Tracheal CASEOUS PUGS –> SUFFOCATION
Depop/repop
Infectious Laryngotracheitis –> Herps
Transmitted by mosquitos and scabs
CS–> skin lesions, decreased production, decreased weight gain. Diphtheritic wet form causes respiratory and digestive issues. TRAHEAL PLUG
Fowlpox –> pox virus
Higly contagioys
Sudde High mortality
GIZZARD + PROVENTRICULUS HEMORRHAGES
NEEDS STRICT BIOSECURITY
Avian Influenza
Chichens only virus shed in feather follicels dander, infects others by inhlation
C/S–> lamenes/parlaysis, blindness, tiny tumors of feather folicles
Need cull–> all in all out
Mareks Disease –> herpesvirs
Egg transmission most importnat
Decreased production
Lesions in bursa
Lymphoid Leukosis –> retrovirus
Lentogenic, Mesogenic and Velogenic strains
Hemorrhagic and nectoric cecal tonsils, gizzard and proventriculus
Isolation of virus using cloacal swabs
Biosercurity is best prevention
Newcastle Disease –> paramyxovirus
Adults no signs, chicks show CS for 1 to 3 weeks
Paralysis, head and neck tremors
Survivors may have blue/white spot in eyes
May find whitish area in gizzard muscle of chicks
Avian Encephalomyelitis –> picornavirus
Young chicks affecteed High mortality Muscle, gizzard and proventriculus hemorrhages Swollen kidneys and spleen No treatment
Infectious Bursal Disease (Gumboro)
Spread by crawling from bird to bird
Eggs layed at base of feather
Restless, constant preening
Chewing lice–> Malophagia
3 types of mite
1) Spend life cycle on the birds
2) Best detected at night
3) Mite prefers to live on unfeathered portion
1) Northern Fowl Mite –< Ornithonyssus
2) Red mite –> Dermanyssus
3) Scaly leg mite
