Poultry diseases summary Flashcards
How is Avian influenza diagnosed?
PCR or virus isolation in eggs
Is Avian influenza zoonotic?
Yes but mildly
What disease causes cyanosis of the wattle, comb and shanks, a decreased egg production and tracheal, intestinal and mesenteric haemorrhages?
Avian influenza
Blackhead/histomonas also causes cyanosis but with severe enterohepatitis
What disease causes serous ocular nasal discharge, frothy eyes, conjunctivitis and a swollen head?
Avian metapneumovirus
Avian rhinotracheitis
What disease causes hepatic necrosis and drop in egg production? This disease may be subclinical, but causes a spotty liver on PME
Campylobacter
Why may you be hesitant to use antibiotics for a bird with Campylobacter?
Significant egg withhold
Antibiotics (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones reserved for human Campy)
What disease causes immunosuppression, haemorrhage and anaemia in young chickens (<20d) chickens?
Chicken anaemia virus
circovirus
What disease causes immunosuppression, depression and haemorrhage in chickens <17 weeks old?
Infectious bursal disease
IBD, Gumboro
What disease causes splayed legs, with nerve swellings or tumours? Presentations may be neurological visceral, cutaneous or ocular
Marek’s
Herpes - excreted by feather follicles and inhaled
What disease causes respiratory diseases, arthritis and swollen joints and airsacculitis?
Mycoplasmosis
‘Fried egg’ on microscopy
What disease causes loss of appetite, abnormal thirst, dehydration, emaciation, ruffling feathers, huddling and depression?
Newcastle disease
(Paramyxovirus) NOTIFIABLE, ZOONOTIC
Avian Influenza and Newcastle disease are both notifiable. Do they both undergo antigenetic shift and drift?
Influenza - both
Newcastle disease - drift only
Both zoonotic
What disease causes neurological signs such as torticollis, with recovery leading to chronic polyuria in pigeons?
Pigeon paramyxovirus
What disease may be subclinical or may cause enteritis, anorexia, dehydration and septicaemia?
Salmonellosis
young chicks more susceptible
What pathogen causes Canker in pigeons and other birds, and how is it spread?
Trichomonas gallinae (protozoa) Spread via crop milk
How is canker in brds treated?
Carmidazole, ronidazole, dimetridazole
What disease causes an enlarged liver, fatty kidneys, haemorrhages and a septicaemic carcass in ducks?
Duck viral hepatitis
What disease in birds causes gasping?
Aspergillus fumigatus
A bird has cellulitis. Is this bird fit for human consumption?
Dry cellulitis - partial carcass rejection
Wet cellulitis - total rejection
What age are female and male turkeys slaughtered?
Females 12-15 weeks (5.5kg)
Males 18-21 weeks (18kg)
What is the treatment for scaly leg mites (Knemidocoptes mutans)?
Topical surgical spirit
What is a blood spot vs a meat spot in an egg?
Blood spot - ruptured ovarian blood vessel
Meat spot - oviduct tissue
Where should IM injections never be given in chickens?
Legs - affects motility
What ectoparasite in chickens causes ‘white dust’ and anaemia?
Red poultry mite
Dermanyssus gallinae
What disease causes severe enterohepatitis and cyanosis of the comb and wattle?
Histomonas meleagridis
Blackhead
Where are Capillaria spp of worms found?
Crop, oesophagus and stomach
Where is the poultry gape worm found?
Synagmus trachea
In trachea
Where is Ascaridia galli found?
Small intestine
Where is Heterakis gallinarum found?
Caecum
What 4 major factors influence hatchability?
Temperature
Humidity
Ventilation
Microbial contamination of egg shell
What factors affect uniformity of birds?
Water supply/deprivation Feed management Lighting Stocking density Ventilation Achieving good chick quality
