Poultry

Question 1

Name four categories that compromise Environmental Medicine.

Answer 1

Air

Shelter

Food

Water

Question 2

What three components contribute to disease and production losses?

Answer 2

Pathogen

Animal

Environment

Question 3

List 9 factors that affect growth.

Answer 3

1. Health
2. Lighting
3. Nutrition
4. Feed supply
5. Stocking density
6. Ventilation
7. Temperature
8. Vaccinal status
9. Water supply

Question 4

What are the two ways that pigs and poultry create clinical disease?

Answer 4

Diseases that are introduced to the site.

OR

A trigger event (e.g. stress) that lowers the immune system of the birds and a pathogen already present becomes clinical.

Question 5

What are the four main parameters for chickens?

Answer 5

1. Mortality (all)
2. Egg production (layers or breeders)
3. Hatchability (breeders only)
4. Growth rate or FCE (meat mainly, also breeders and layers)

Question 6

For an Post-Mortem exam what external features can be assessed?

Answer 6

Uniformity and angles of the legs

Weight (for age)

Wounds

Colour and external parasites

Dip head in buckets of water +/- disinfectant (dampen feathers).

Question 7

What disease is shown in the picture? That gives swollen and red wattles.

Answer 7

Fowl Cholera

Question 8

What swabs should be collected on Post-Mortem?

Answer 8

Tracheal swab

Cloacal swab

Question 9

What vein should chickens be bled from?

Answer 9

The Cutaneous Ulnar Vein.

Question 10

What has happened to these eggs?

Answer 10

Water Marked Eggs

Question 11

What’s wrong with these eggs?

Answer 11

Dirty Eggs

Question 12

What does this post-mortem show?

Answer 12

Yolk sac infection.

Question 13

What are the 6 steps in conducting a farm visit?

Answer 13

1. Records
2. Biosecurity
3. Clinincal exam (4 circles)
4. Envronmental Exam
5. People/Management
6. Diangnostic Work up

Question 14

Name 6 types of records that can be checked when preparing for a farm visit. These make up the “health status” of the farm.

Answer 14

1. Performance records
2. Previous vet reports
3. Treatment records
4. Vaccination program
5. Slaighter checks
6. Past diagnostic laboratory reports

Question 15

What is the expected (normal) mortality for meat chickens?

Answer 15

First week < 1.5%

Should not exceed 0.1% / day there after.

Question 16

What are the four circles of a clinical exam?

Answer 16

1. Outside the building/site
2. Inside the building
3. Individual flocks
4. Individual animals