Potentially Toxic and/or Caution Herbs Flashcards
1
Q
What are some of the indications of Aconitum napellus?
A
“Monkshood”
Actions: anodyne, anti-neuralgic
Neuralgic pain: trigeminal neuralgia
Sciatic pain
Ovarian cysts ( In Turska’s formula)
2
Q
What are the systems affected by toxic doses of Aconitum napellus?
A
“Monkshood”
CNS and cardiovascular systems
3
Q
What is considered a fatal dose of Aconitum napellus?
A
“Monkshood”
1 tsp to 5 mL
4
Q
What are the signs and symptoms of Aconitum napellus poisoning?
A
“Monkshood”
Paresthesias
Nausea/Vomiting
Dyspnea
Chills
Hypotension, ventricular fibrillation
5
Q
What is considered a safe dose of Aconitum napellus?
A
“Monkshood”
1-10 drops of tincture 4 oz water
6
Q
What are the indications for Arnica montana?
A
Actions: topical vulnerary, anodyne
Bruises
Small Wounds
Sprains/ strains
Myalgia and joint inflammation
7
Q
By what route of administration is Arnica montana given?
A
Topical
8
Q
What are the contraindications for Arnica montana?
A
Internal Use
Over large areas of broken skin
9
Q
What are the signs of toxicity for Arnica montana?
A
Tachy or bradycardia
Hypertension
Symptoms of muscular weakness, gastroenteritis, dyspnea, arrhythmia, and death
10
Q
What are the indications for Atropa Belladonna?
A
“Belladona, Devils Cherries”
Actions: anti-spasmotic, anti-cholinergic, anodyne especially for GI tract
GI: Colitis, cholecystitis, GERD, gastritis, PUD
11
Q
What is the mechanism of action of Atropa Belladonna?
A
“Belladonna; Devils Cherries”
Blocks muscarine acetylcholine receptors resulting in smooth muscle relaxation
12
Q
What are the contraindication for Atropa Belladonna?
A
“Belladonna, Devils Cherries”
Lactation and pregnancy
BPH, urinary retention
Cardia, tachycardia, arrhythmias
Closed angle glaucoma
Pulmonary edema
GI stenosis, megacolon, intestinal obstruction
Use in children
13
Q
What are the signs of toxicity for Atropa Belladonna?
A
“Belladonna, Devils Cherries”
Dilate pupils
Dry mouth, eyes and bronchi
Tachycardia
Urinary retention
Hot, dry flushed skin
Respiratory depression and coma may develop
14
Q
What is the usual dose of Atropa Belladonna?
A
1-15 drops of 1:10 tincture in 4 oz of water. 1 teaspoon of mixture is taken as dose
15
Q
What alkaloid is most associated with Belladonna’s actions and toxicity?
A
Belladonna; Devil’s cherries
Atropine
16
Q
What are the indications for Baptisia tinctoria?
A
“Wild Indigo”
Actions: alternativem anti-microbial, lymphagogue
Generally used for infection: sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsilitis
Mastitis, vaginitis
17
Q
What are the contraindications for Baptisia tinctoria?
A
“Wild Indigo”
Pregnancy or high dose chronic use
18
Q
What are the signs of toxicity for Baptisia tinctoria?
A
“Wild Indigo”
Anorexia
N/V/D/GI spasms
Hypersalivation
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Respiratory paralysis
19
Q
What effect does Baptisia tinctoria have in large doses?
A
“Wild Indigo”
Emetic
20
Q
What are the indications Bryonia Alba?
A
“White Bryony”
Actions: Anodyne, sedative, immunomodulating especially for serous membranes
Lungs: Pleuritis, pneumonia and sharp, painful coughs
Orchitis, ovarian cysts (Turska’s formula)
Pericarditis
21
Q
What are the contraindications of Bryonia Alba?
A
“White Bryony”
Pregnancy and lactation
22
Q
What are the signs of toxicity of Bryonia Alba?
A
GI: Colic, vomiting, diarrhea, gastroenteritis
Bradycardia
Hypothermia
Headache
Delirium
Weakness and collapse
23
Q
What is an indicated dose for Bryonia Alba?
A
5-20 drops tincture added to 4 oz water then 1 tsp of mixture is taken as dose
24
Q
What are the contraindications for Bryonia cretica diocia?
A
“Red Bryony”
Internal use: Gi inflammation, diarrhea and vomiting
25
What are the indications for Capsicum frutescens?
"Cayenne"
Actions: Circulatory stimulant, anti-platelet aggregate, diaphoretic, rubefacient, digestive stimulant, anodyne
Cardiovascular: atherosclerosis, hypercoagulation, Raynaud's phenomenon
Respiratory: Asthma
GI: Hypochlorhydria, maldigestion, gas, biliary insufficiency
External: RA, OA, Diabetic neuropathy
Small amount added to formula as synergizer
26
What are some of the toxicities of Capsiucm frutescens?
"Cayenne"
GI irritation: N/V
Topical irritation
27
What are the contraindications for Capsicum frustescens?
"Cayenne"
Acute PUD, biliary obstruction
Hypertension
Topical application near the eyes or mucosal membranes
Could potentiate anti-coagulation medications
28
What are the indications for Cassia angustifolia?
"Senna"
Actions: stimulating laxative
Atonic, non-inflammatory constipation: acts as an irritant laxative
29
What are the contraindications for Cassia angustifolia?
"Senna"
Pregnancy, use longer than 10 days, intestinal obstruction, IBD, bulimia/anorexia
30
What are the signs of toxicity for Cassia angustifolia?
"Senna"
Can lead to laxative dependence
Overuse can lead to hypokalemia
31
What group of compounds are responsible for the actions of senna?
Anthraquinone glycosides
32
What are the indications for Caulophyllum thalictroides?
"Blue Cohosh"
Actions: anti- spasmotic, uterine tonic, parturifacient
Amenorrhea, menorrhagia
Dymenorrhea
Mittleschmerz
Facilitate labor in last weeks of pregnancy
Rheumatic and muscle pain
33
What are the contraindications for Caulophyllum thalictroides?
Early Pregnancy
34
What are the signs of toxicity for Chamaelirium luteum?
"False unicorn root"
GI: N/V
Thirst
Headache
Muscle Weakness
Cardiovascular collapse
Convulsion
35
What are the indications for Chamaelirium luteum?
"False unicorn root"
Actions : Uterine Tonic
Amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, endometriosis, infertility, fibroids, menorrhagia
Uterine Prolapse
36
What are the contraindications for Chamaelirium luteum?
Early Pregnancy
37
What are the signs of toxicity for Chamaelirium luteum?
None Known
38
What are the indications for Chelidonium majus?
"Greater Celandine"
Actions: Choleretic, cholagogue, bitter, hepatoprotective
Common and plantar warts (milky juice used topically)
Liver and gallbladder disorders: hepatic congestion, biliary insufficiency
39
What are the contraindications for Chelidonium majus?
"Greater Celandine"
Pregnancy, lactation, long term use, bile duct obstruction
40
What are the signs of toxicity for Chelidonium majus?
"Greater Celandine"
N/V, burning in the mouth, abdominal pain, diarrhea
41
What are the indications for Cimicifuga (Actaea) racemosa?
"Black Cohosh"
Actions: Uterine tonic, spasmolytic, anti-rheumatic
Dysmenorrhea
Infertility
Menopause symptoms
PMS
Skeletal muscle pain, RA
42
What are the contraindications for Cimicifuga (Actaea) racemosa?
"Black Cohosh"
Early pregnancy, lactation
43
What are the signs of toxicity for Cimicifuga (Actaea) racemosa?
"Black Cohosh"
Sedation
Blurred vision
Large doses: N/V, headache, bradycardia, hypotension
44
What are the indications for Convallaria majalis?
"Lily of the valley"
Actions: Positive inotrophic, negatice chronotropic, diuretic
Arrhythmias
Congestive Heart Failure
Safer alternative to digitalis
45
What are the contraindications for Convallaria majalis?
"Lily of the Valley"
Pregnancy and lactation, hypokalemia, renal failure
46
What are the signs of toxicity for Convallaria majalis?
N/V, bradycardia, visual disturbances
47
What compounds are responsible for the actions and toxicity of Convallaria?
Cardiac glycosides
48
What are the indications for Datura Stramonium?
"Jimson weed"
Actions: Anti-spasmotic, anodyne especially in respiratory tract
Acute treatment of asthma
49
What is the mechanism of action for Datura stramonium?
"Jimson Weed"
It is an anti-cholinergic
50
What are the contraindications for Datura stramonium?
"Jimson Weed"
Lactation and pregnancy
BPH or urinary retention
Cardiac: tachycardia, arrhythmias
Acute closed angle glaucoma
Pulmonary Edema
GI stenosis megacolon
51
What are the signs of toxicity for Datura stramonium?
"Jimson Weed"
Dilated pupils
Dry mouth, eyes, and bronchi
Tachycardia
Urinary retention
Constipation
Hot, dry flushed skin
Respiratory depression and comma may develop
52
What is a safe dose of Datura stramonium?
"Jimson Weed"
1- 10 drops of 1:10 tincture per day
53
What are the indications for Digitalis purpurea?
"Foxglove"
Action: Cardiac glycoside, anti-arrhythmic, diuretic
Congestive Hear Failure
Arrythmias
Crude herb is no longer commonly used
54
What are the contraindications for Digitalis purpurea?
"Foxglove"
Heart Block
Bradycardia
Fibrillation
Hypokalemia
Pregnancy/Lactation
55
What are the signs of toxicity for Digitalis purpurea?
"Foxglove"
Nausea and vomiting
Loss of appetite
Arrhythmias
Bradycardia
56
What are the drug interactions of Digitalis purpurpea?
"Foxglove"
Corticosteroids
Beta Blockers
Diuretics
Quinidine
57
What compound from Digitalis is now used as a drug, being much more toxic in this isolated form?
Digoxin
58
What are the indications for Ephedra sinica?
"Ephedra, Ma Hung"
Actions: Alpha adrenergic agonist: Brochodilating, mast cell stabilizing, hypertensive, thermogenic
Sinusitis
Asthma
COPD
Allergic rhinitis
59
What are the contraindications for Ephedra sinica?
"Ephedra"
Pregnancy/lactation
BPH
HTN
BM
Hyperthyroidism
Glaucoma
60
What are the signs of toxicity for Ephedra sinica?
"Ephedra"
Sympathomimetic signs:
N/V
Vertigo
Sweating
Tachycardia
Dizziness, weakness
61
What are the some drug interactions that we need to be aware of with Ephedra sinica?
"Ephedra, Ma Hung"
MAO inhibitors
Anti-hypertensive medications
62
What compounds in Ephedra sinica are responsible for its cardiovascular toxicity?
Ephedrine, pseudoephedrine
63
What are the indications for Gelsemium sempervirens?
"Yellow Jasmine"
Actions: Anodyne, anti-spasmotic, sedative
Dymenorrhea
Biliary Colic
Ovarian Cysts (Turska's Formula)
Neuralgia
Insomnia
64
What are the contraindications for Gelsemium sempervirens?
"Yellow Jasmine"
Pregnancy/lactation, hypotension, combination with other CNS depressants
65
What are the signs of toxicity for Gelsemiun sempervirens?
"Yellow Jasmine"
Depresses cardiac and respiratory centers
Diplopia
Ptosis
Weakness
Hypotension
Respiratory Failure
66
What are indications for Glycyrrhiza glabra?
"Licorice"
Actions: Adaptogen, anti-viral , immunomodulating, demulcent, anti-inflammatory, phytoestrogen
Hypotension
GI: PUD, GERD, gastritis, IBD
Viral hepatitis, cirrhosis
Adrenal insufficiency
Menopausal symptoms
HSV infections
HIV/AIDS
Post-herpetic neuralgia
Dry Cough
67
What are the contraindications for Glycyrrhiza glabra?
"Licorice"
Hypertension
Estrogen-dependent cancer (theoretical)
Pregnancy ( high dose)
Hyperaldosteronism
68
What are the signs of toxicity for Glycyrrhizza glabra?
HTN
Aldosterone-life effect: fatigue, weight loss, edema
Hypokalemia
69
How does glycyrrhizin cause potassium loss?
Inhibition of 17 beta-hyroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the kidneys, preventing cortisol catabolism
70
What are indications for Hydrastis canadensis?
"Golden Seal"
Actions: Anti-microbial , immunomodulating bitter, anti- neoplastic
GI: Gastroenteritis, maldigestion, hypochlorhydria
Mastitis
Intestinal parasitic infections
H. pylori infection and PUD
Viral and bacterial inefections
Cancer
71
What are the contraindications for Hydrastis canadensis?
Late pregnancy, long term use, avoid long term active PUD. High doses may interfere with B vitamin metabolism
72
What are the indications for Hyoscyamus niger?
"Henbane"
Actions: spasmolytic, andoyne especially in GU tract
UTI, interstitial cystitis
Motion sickness
73
What are the contraindications for Hyoscyamus niger?
"Hendane"
BPH
Acute close glaucoma
Pregnancy/Lactation
Tachycardia, arrhythmia
74
What are the signs of toxicity for Hyoscyamus niger?
"Hendane"
Anti-cholinergic effects: dry mouth, mydriasis, dry eyes, blurred vision, constipation, tachycardia than bradycardia
75
What is a safe dose of Hyoscyamus niger?
2-10 drops of tincture
76
What are the indications for Hypericum perforatum?
St. John's Wart
Actions: antiviral, inflammation modulator, nervine/antidepressant
Depression
Cancer
HSV, CMV, EBV or HIV infection
77
What are the contraindications for Hypericum perforatum?
"St. Johns Wart"
Combination with SSRI/SSNRI, 5-HTP, combined with MAO inhibitors and tyramine; use with OCP (decrease effectiveness) intense sun exposure with high doses
78
What are the signs of toxicity for Hypericum perforatum?
"St. John Wart"
May cause photosensitivity
79
What is the effect of Hypericum Perforatum on CYP3A4? What constituent is responsible fo this effect?
"St. John Wart"
Induces CYP450:3A4 in the gut, hyperforin
80
What are the indications for Iris versicolor?
"Blue Flag"
Actions: Cholagogue, alternative, lymphagogue
Biliary Insufficiency
Chronic Skin Disease
Soft glandular enlargement
81
What are the contraindications for Iris versicolor?
"Blue Flag"
Doses > 1 ml TID, biliary obstruction, pregnancy/lactation
82
What are the signs of toxicity for Iris versicolor?
"Blue Flag"
Violent emetic action: N/V
Violent Diarrhea
Burning in mouth and throat
83
What are the indications for Juniperus communis?
"Juniper"
Actions: Digestive stimulant, aquaretic, antimicrobial
Biliary insufficiency, maldigestion
UTI
Chronic arthritis, myalgias and gout (topical oil)
84
What are the contraindications for Juniperus communis?
"Juniper"
Long term use
Biliary obstruction, active PUD
Renal Inflammation
Pregnancy
85
What are the signs of toxicity for Juniperus communis?
Juniper
Kidney damage (controversial)
86
What are the indications for Larrea tridentata?
"Chaparral"
Actions: Inflammation modulating, antioxidant, anti-neoplastic, anti-microbial
Cancer
Severe infections especially URI
Allergic rhinitis
HSV (topically)
87
What are the contraindications for Larrea tridentata?
"Chaparral"
Chronic liver disease, long term use, pregnacy
88
What are the signs of toxicity for Larrea tridentata?
Hepatotoxic: elevated serum transaminases, jaundice, itching, brown urine, fatigue, N/V, and other signs of liver damage
89
What famous alkaloid is found in Lobelia inflata and what is its action?
"Indian Tobacco"
Lobeline; nicotinic receptor agonist
90
What are the indications for Lobelia inflata?
Actions: Stimulating expectorant, spasmolytic, emetic
Asthma
Wet Cough
Chronic Lung Disease
URI
Smoking Cessation
91
What are the contraindications for Lobelia inflata?
Pregnancy/lactation, high doses, chronic use, elderly and debilitation
92
What are the signs of toxicity for Lobelia inflata?
Severe N/V
93
What are the indications for Lomatium dissectum?
"Indian Balsam"
Actions: Antiviral, immune stimulant
Lung Infections: Bronchitis
EBV
HPV
94
What are the contraindications for Lomatium dissectum?
"Indian Balsam"
Use of unprocessed fresh root, pregnancy
95
What are the signs of toxicity for Lomatium dissectum?
"Indian Balsam"
Whole body rash from unprocessed fresh root
96
What are the indications for Lycopus virginicus?
"Bugleweed"
Actions: Thyrosuppressive. suppresses gonadotrophic production
Hyperthyroidism and Grave's Disease
97
What are the contraindications for Lycopus virgincus?
"Bugleweed"
Hypothyroidism, infertility, pregnancy/lactation, children
98
What are the indications for Melaleuca alterniflora?
Tea Tree
Actions: anti-microbial, anti-fungal, vulnerary with affinity for the skin
Tinea pedis, onychomycosis
Candidiasis: vaginal, thrush
Dermatophytoses
Acne
99
What are the contraindications for Melaleuca alterniflora?
"Tea Tree"
Internal use, application over large area of broken skin, undiluted use of essential oil
100
What are the signs of toxicity for Melaleuca alterniflora?
"Tea Tree"
Internal: N/V/D, abdominal pain
External: Contact dermatitis in sensitive individuals
101
What are the indications for Mitchella repens?
"Partridge Berry"
Actions: Uterine tonic, astringent, nervine parturifacient
Facilitation or stimulation of labor
Dysmenorrhea
Menorrhagia
102
What are the contraindications for Mitchella repens?
"Partridge Berry"
Early pregnancy
103
What are the signs of toxicity fro Mitchella repens?
None Known
104
What category of constituents is yohimbine?
Indole Alkaloid
105
What are the indications for Pausinystalia yohimbe?
Actions: Alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist, aphrodisiac
Erectile Dysfunction
Narcolepsy
Depression: mild MAO inhibitor
106
What are the contraindications for Pausinystalia yohimbe?
Severe Edema
Kidney Disease
Psychiatric Disorders: PTSD, panic attacks, anxiety
Pregnancy/Lactation
PUD
107
What are the signs of toxicity for Pausinystalia yohimbe?
Anxiety and panic attacks
Hypertension and tachycardia
Headaches
Dizziness
Insomnia
108
What are the indications for Phytolacca americana?
"Poke Root"
Actions: Lymphogogue, alternative
Lympadenopathy
Ovarain cysts (Turska's Formula)
Mastitis, orchitis, parotitis
Tonsillitis
109
What are the contraindications for Phytolacca americana?
"Poke Root"
Large internal doses, pregnancy/lactation (okay short term for mastitis topically)
110
What are the signs of toxicity for Phytolacca americana?
"Poke Root"
N/V/D, abdominal cramping
Bradypnea, respiratory depression
Bradycardia, hypotension
111
What are the indications for Piper methysticum?
"Kava Kava"
Actions: Anxiolytic, anodyne, anti-spasmotic, sedative
Interstitial cystitis/ UTI
IBS
Anxiety
112
What are the contraindication for Piper methysticum?
"Kava Kava"
Anti-psychotic medication, long term internal use of high doses
113
What are the signs of toxicity for Piper methysticum?
Kava Kava
Long term, high dose use causes skin rash
Increased liver enzymes
114
What are the indicates for Podophyllum peltaptum?
"Mayapple, American Mandrake"
Actions: antiviral, antineoplastic, cholagogue, lymphagogue
No longer used as crude herb
Common, plantar, genital warts
Cancer
115
What are the contraindications for Podophyllum peltatum?
"Mayapple, American Mandrake"
Use on skin around eyes and mucous membranes, internal use
116
What are they signs of toxicity for Podophyllum peltatum?
Strongly cathartic
GI irritation
N/V/D
Parasthesia and hypotension
117
What are the indication for Pulsatilla vulgaris?
118
What are the contraindication for Pulsatilla vulgaris?
119
What are the signs of toxicity for Pulsatilla vulgaris?
120
What are the indications for for Rauwolfia serpentina?
121
What are the contraidications for Rauwolfia serpentina?
122
How does resperine work?
123
What are the signs of toxicity for Rauwolfia serpentina?
124
What are the indications for Ricinis communis?
125
What are the contraindications for Ricinis communis?
126
What are the signs of toxicity for Ricinis communis?
127
What are the indications for Sanguinaria canadensis?
128
What are the contraindications for Sanguinaria canadensis?
129
What are the signs of toxicity for sanguinaria canadensis?
130
What is the name of the red alkaloid in sanguinaria canadensis?
131
What are the indications for selenicereus grandiflorus?
132
What are the signs of toxicity of selenicereus grandiflorus?
133
What are the contraindications for selenicereus grandiflorus?
134
What is considered a safe dose for selenicereus grandiflorus?
135
What are the indications for Symphytum officinale?
136
What are the contraindications for Symphytum officinale?
137
What compounds contained in symphytum officinale make it potentially toxic?
138
What are the signs of toxicity for Symphytum officinale?
139
What are the indications for Thuja occidentalis?
140
What are the contraindications for Thuja occidentalis?
141
What are the signs of toxicity for Thuja occidentalis?
142
What are the indications for Tanacetum parhtenium?
143
What are the contraindications for tanacetum parthenium?
144
What are the signs of toxicity for Tanacetum parthenium?
145
What are the indications for Tanacetum vulagre?
146
What are the contraindications for Tanacetum?
147
What are the signs of toxicity for Tanacetum vulgare?
148
What are the indications for Veratrum viride?
149
What are the contraindications for Veratrum viride?
150
What are the signs of toxicity for Veratrum viride?
151
What are the indications for Viscum album?
152
What are the contraindications for Viscum album?
153
What are the signs of toxicity for Viscum album?
154
What are the indications for Achillea millefolium?
155
What are the contraindications for Achillea millefolium?
156
What are the signs of toxicity for Achillea millefolium?
157
What part of Aesculus hippocastanum toxic?
158
What are the indications of Aseculus hippocastanum?
159
What are the contraindications for Aesculus hippocastanum?
160
What are the indications for Allium Cepa and Allium sativum?
161
What are the contraindications for Allium cepa and Allium sativum?
162
What are the major active compounds in Aloe vera gel?
163
What are the indications for Aloe vera gel?
164
What are the contraindications for Aloe vera gel?
165
What are the major active compound in Aloe vera latex? What are their actions?
166
What are the contraindications for Aloe vera latex?
167
What are the signs of toxicity for Aloe vera latex?
168
What are the indications for Althaea officinalis?
169
What compounds are responsible for actions for Althaea officinalis?
170
What are the contraindications for Althaea officinalis?
171
What are the indications for Angelica sinensis?
172
What are the contraindications for Angelica sinensis?
173
What are the signs of toxicity for Angelica sinensis?
174
What are the indications for Arctium lappa?
175
What are the contraindications for Arctium lappa?
176
What are the indications for Arctostaphylos uva ursi?
177
What are the contraindications for Arctostaphylos uva-ursi?
178
What compound in Artostaphylos uva-urse requires an alkaline urine to ultimately be effective? What type of compound is it? Describe its pharmacokinetics?
179
What are the signs of toxicity for Arctostaphylos uva-ursi?
180
What is the main actions of Artemesia annua?
181
What are the main actions of Asclepius tuberosa?
182
What are common uses of Asclepisu tuberosa?
183
What are the actions and indications for Aspidosperma quebracho?
184
What are the contraindications for Aspidosperma quebracho?
185
What are the signs of toxicity for Aspidosperma quebracho?
186
What are the indications for Astragulus membranaceus?
187
What are the contraindications for Astragalus membranaceus?
188
What are the indications for Avena sativa?
189
What are the contraindications for Avena sativa?
190
What is the main action of Bacopa monierri?
191
What are some common uses for Bacopa monierri?
192
What famous alkaloid is found in Mahonia aquifolium and Hydrastis canadensis?
193
What are the indications for Mahonia aquifolium?
194
What are the contraindications for Mahonia aquifolium?
195
What are the signs of toxicity of Mahonia aquifolium?
196
What is the main action of Berberis vulgaris?
197
What are the main uses of Berberis vulgaris?
198
What are the indications of Boswellia serrata?
199
What are the contraindications for Boswellia serrata?
200
What are the signs of toxicity for Boswellia serrata?
201
What are the indications for Calendula officinalis?
202
What are the contraindications for Calendula officinalis?
203
What are the most important constituents for Camilla sinesis?
204
What are the indications for Capsella Bursa pastoris?
205
What are the contraindications for Capsella bursa-pastoris?
206
What are the signs of toxicity for Capsella bursa- pastoris?
207
What are the indications for Ceanothus americanus?
208
What are the contraindications for Ceanothus americanus?
209
What are the signs of toxicity for Ceanothus americanus?
210
What are the indications for Centella asiatica?
211
What are the contraindications for Centella asiatica?
212
What are the signs of toxicity for Centella Asiatica?
213
What are the indications for Chionanthis virginicus?
214
What are the contraindications for Chionanthus virginicus?
215
What are the signs of toxicity for Chionanthus virginicus?
216
What are the indications for Cineraria maritima?
217
What are the contraindications for cineraria maritima?
218
What are the indications for Cinnamomum zeylanicum?
219
What are the contraindications for Cinnamomum zeylanicum?
220
What is the main, well-known, active compound in Coleus Forskohlii, what type of compound is it, and what is its action?
221
What are the indications for Coleus Forskohlii?
222
What are the adverse effects for Coleus Forskohlii?
223
What are the indications for Commiphora mol-mol?
224
What are the contraindications for Commiphora mol-mol?
225
What are the signs of toxicity for Commiphora mol-mol?
226
What actions does Commiphora mukul have?
227
What are the differences between Commiphora mol-mol and Commiphora mukul?
228
What are the main uses of Cordyceps sinesis?
229
What are the indications for Corydalis ambigua?
230
What are the contraindications of Corydalis ambigua?
231
What are the indications for Crataegus laevigata?
232
What are the contraindications for Crataegus laevigata?
233
What are the signs of toxicity for Crataegus laevigata?
234
What category of compounds are generally responsible for the actions of Crataegus?
235
What are the indications for Curcuma longa?
236
What are the contraindications for Curcuma longa?
237
What are the indications for Cynara scolymus?
238
What are the contraindications for Cynara scolymus? ?
239
What are the indications for Dioscorea villosa?
240
What are the contraindications for Dioscorea villosa?
241
What are the signs of toxicity for Dioscorea villosa?
242
What are the indications for Echinacea species?
243
What are the contraindications for Echinacea species?
244
What are the signs of toxicity for Echinancea species?
245
What part of the plant is used in Echinacea purpura?
246
What part of the plant is used in Echinacea pallida?
247
What part of the plant is used in Echinacea angustifolia?
248
What are the indications for Eleutherococcus senticosus?
249
What are the contraindications for Eleutherococcus senticosus?
250
What are the indications for Equisetum arvense?
251
What are the contraindications for Equisetum arvense?
252
What is the main action of Eschscholzia californica?
253
What are the contraindications for Eschscholzia californica?
254
What are the signs of toxicity for Eschscholzia californica?
255
What are the indications for Eucalyptus globulus?
256
What are the contraindications for Eucalyptus globulus?
257
What are the signs of toxicity for Eucalyptus globulus?
258
What are the indications for Eupatorium perfoliatum?
259
What are the contraindications for Eupatorium perfoliatum?
260
What are the signs of toxicity for Eupatorium perfoliatum?
261
What are the indications for Eupatorium purpureum?
262
What are the contraindications for Eupatorium purpureum?
263
What are the signs of toxicity for Eupatorium purpureum?
264
What are the indications for Euphrasia stricta?
265
What are the contraindications fro Euphrasia strica?
266
What are the indications for Foeniculum vulgare?
267
What are the contraindications for Foeniculum vulgare?
268
What are the signs of toxicity for Foeniculum vulgare?
269
What is the main action of Fucus vesiculosis?
270
What are the indications for Galium aparine?
271
What are the contraindications for Galium aparine?
272
What are the indications for Ganoderma lucidum?
273
What are the contraindications Gandoderma lucidum?
274
What are the signs of toxicity for Ganoderma lucidum?
275
What are the indications for Gentiana lutea?
276
What are the contraindications for Gentianan lutea?
277
What are the signs of toxicity for Gentiana lutea?
278
What compound in Gentiana lutea are responsible for its taste?
279
What are the indications for Geranium maculatum?
280
What are the contraindications fro Geranium maculatum?
281
What are the signs of toxicity for Geranium maculatum?
282
What are the indications for Ginkgo biloba?
283
What are the contraindications for Ginkgo biloba?
284
What are the signs of toxicity for Ginkgo biloba?
285
What are the indications for Grindelia robusta?
286
What are the contraindications for Grindelia robusta?
287
What are the signs of toxicity for Grindelia robusta?
288
What is the main action Gymnema sylvestre?
289
What are the indications for Hamamelus virginiana?
290
What are the contraindications for Hamamelus virginiana?
291
What are the indications for Harpagophytum procumbens?
292
What are the contraindications for Harpagophytum procumbens?
293
What are the signs of toxicity for Harpagophytum procumbens?
294
What are the indications for Humulus lupulus?
295
What are the contraindications for Humulus lupulus?
296
What are the indications for Hydrangea arborescens?
297
What are the contraindications for Hydrangea arborescens?
298
What are the signs of toxicity for Hydrangea arborescens?
299
What are the contraindications for Inula helenium?
300
What are the signs of toxicity for Inula helenium?
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