potato Flashcards
A 30-year-old woman presents for a routine checkup. She has no
complaints and denies previous medical problems. On heart
examination, the patient has a loud S1. She has a grade 2 low-pitched
mid- to late diastolic murmur that is heard best at the apex.
Immediately preceding the murmur is a loud extra sound. Which of
the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
B. Mitral stenosis
C. Ventricular septal defect
D. Aortic insufficiency
E. Atrial septal defect
B. Mitral stenosis
A 50-year-old construction worker presents with a slow growing
eroded papule on his lower lip. He has a history of leukoplakia and
was a heavy smoker. He has a small, tender supraclavicular node.
A. Superficial spreading melanoma
B. Basal cell carcinoma
C. Squamous cell carcinoma
D. Bowen’s disease
C. Squamous cell carcinoma
Louder, clearer voice sounds during auscultation of the lungs are called ✔
A. adventitious sounds,
B. egophony.
C. bronchophony.
D. fremitus.
C. bronchophony.
A 30 year old male presents with a single sudden shaking chill with a
rapid rise in temperature. Within a few hours agonizing left pleuritic
pain and cough with rust coloured sputum supervene. On
examination the man appears acutely ill with rapid shallow
respiration. With no treatment he continues to run a temperature up
to 40.5 deg C for a week at which time he experiences a dramatic
improvement. Physical examination on day 2 of the illness would
probably show all of the following over the left chest EXCEPT
A. restricted hemithorax movement
B. flat percussion sound
C. bronchial breathing
D. decreased fremitus
E. whispering pectoriloquy
Diagnosis: pneumonia
D. decreased fremitus
- A 61-year-old man comes to your office complaining of a “popping”
sensation in his left ear for nearly 2 wk. He also complains of decreased
hearing. Recently, another physician treated him for an acute otitis media
with antibiotics. Physical examination reveals a normal right ear canal and
tympanic membrane. The left tympanic membrane is gray, retracted, and
immobile. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ✔
A. Otitis media with effusion
B. Acute otitis media
C. Mastoiditis
D. Otitis externa
E. Malignant otitis externa
A. Otitis media with effusion
A 34-year-old firefighter presents to the emergency room complaining of the sudden onset of severe right-sided flank pain that radiates to the right groin and genitalia. He is unable to lie still on the stretcher of the emergency room. Hedenies any history of trauma. He denies any dysuria, frequency, nocturia, orfever. Examination of the genitalia is normal. Abdominal and rectal examinations
are normal. There is positive right costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness.
Urinalysis reveals blood. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? ✔
A. Pyelonephritis
B. Renal calculi
C. Testicular torsion
D. Strangulated hernia
E. Acute prostatitis
B. Renal calculi
Adduction (or varus) stress test caused pain in knee during patient’s
examination. The reason is ✔
A. Partial tear of the lateral collateral ligament
B. Partial tear of the medial collateral ligament
C. Partial tear of the lateral meniscus
D. Partial tear of medial meniscus
A. Partial tear of the lateral collateral ligament
A 34-year-old nursing student is referred to your office because of the onset of a recent cough productive of dark-colored sputum. She is febrile but does not appear ill. She has been able to continue working with her symptoms. Examination of the posterior thorax is normal but there is dullness at the anterior right hemithorax below the fifth rib. Crackles, as well as localized pectoriloquy, are audible over the
same area. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Right lower lobe pneumonia
B. Left lower lobe pneumonia
C. Right lower lobe atelectasis
D. Right middle lobe pneumonia
E. Right upper lobe pneumonia
D. Right middle lobe pneumonia
Which continuous breath sounds are relatively high pitched with a
hissing or shrill quality? ✔
A. Wheezes
B. Fine crackles
C. Ronchi
D. Corse crackles
wheezing
blood in sputum is called
blood in vomiting called
hymatoptisis
hematemesis
. Affection of the cerebellar may produce any of the following except
A. Positive Romberg’s test
B. Positive finger to nose test
C. Positive legs-heel-to-shin test
D. Positive Rinner test
E. Dysdiadochokinesis
rinner test
A positive Romberg test denotes sensory ataxia as the cause of postural imbalance. Sustaining balance while standing in an upright position depends on the sensory and motor pathways of the brainstem. The sensory pathway involves proprioception and the body’s awareness of position and motion in space
- Left ventricle hypertrophy is related to which of the following findings?
A. The presence of the S4 sound
B. The presence of systolic ejection click
C. Accentuated S1 sound
D. Widened split of S2 sound
A. The presence of the S4 sound
- 29 year old male come to the office with complains of almost persistent increased BP, ACE-inhibitors do not work and worsen his condition. You should think about
A. Screening for PAD
B. Screening for Abdominal Aortic Aneurism
C. Screening for renal artery disease
D. Non of the above
C. Screening for renal artery disease
A 27-year-old woman comes to your office for assessment of symptoms including weakness, visual loss, bladder incontinence, sharp shooting pain in the lower back, clumsiness when walking, and sensory loss. These symptoms have occurred during three episodes (different combinations of symptoms each time) approximately 3 months apart, and each episode lasted approximately 3 days. The first episode consisted of weakness, bladder incontinence, and sharp shooting pains in the lower back (in both hip girdles). The second episode consisted of visual loss, clumsiness when walking, and sensory loss. The third episode (last week) consisted of sharp shooting pains in the lower back and sensory loss (bilateral) in the upper extremities. Given this information, what is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?
A. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
B. multiple sclerosis (MS)
C. vitamin B12 deficiency
D. hysterical conversion reaction
E. tertiary syphilis
B. multiple sclerosis (MS)
A 16-year-old girl, the star of her high-school basketball team, sustains a knee injury after pivoting on her right knee during a game. She collapses to the floor in severe pain and is immediately taken to the hospital. She arrives at the emergency department approximately 45 minutes after the injury, and her right knee is already very swollen. Laxity is noted with the anterior drawer test and Lachman test. What three structures are involved in the “unhappy triad”?
A. anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus
B. posterior cruciate ligament
C. lateral collateral ligament, medial meniscus
D. medial collateral ligament, medial meniscus
D. medial collateral ligament, medial meniscus
