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Kines II: Exam 2 > Posture > Flashcards

Posture Flashcards

1
Q

what changes with movement?

A

center of mass

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2
Q

where does the BOS extend to and from?

A

tip of heels to tip of toes

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3
Q

where does the COM sit for a child?

A

12th vertebra

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4
Q

where does the COM sit for an adult?

A

S2

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5
Q

how much sway is there in the sagittal plane?

A

16 degrees

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6
Q

how much sway is there in the frontal plane?

A

12 degrees

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7
Q

what type of components are ground reaction forces?

A

verticall

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8
Q

where is the center of pressure in standing?

A

between feet

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9
Q

where is the center of pressure in unilateral standing?

A

in foot

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10
Q

when the line of gravity passes through the axis of rotation, what happens?

A

no gravitational torque,

minimal muscle activity

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11
Q

when the line of gravity is distant from the axis, what occurs?

A

flexion or extension moment
some rotation
requires muscle activation

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12
Q

during a flexion moment, where is the line of gravity?

A

posterior

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13
Q

during extension moment, where is the line of gravitY?

A

anteiror

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14
Q

what occurs during a kyphotic and lordotic posture?

A

Shortening of C extensors
shortening of hip flexors
stretched C flexors
stretched hip extensors

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15
Q

what occurs during flat back posture?

A

shortened hamstrings

stretched hip flexors

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16
Q

what occurs during sway back posture?

A

hamstrings are shortened
lumbar extensors are shortened
neck flexors are stretched
hip flexors are stretched

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17
Q

what occurs during hyperextended knee?

A

stretch on posterior capsule

line of gravity is far anterior

18
Q

what happens to the quad activity in hyperextended knee?

A

decreased

19
Q

at 15 degrees of knee flexion, what occurs?

A

increase in quad activity to 22% MVC

20
Q

at 30 degrees of knee flexion, what occurs?

A

increase in quad activity to 51% MVC

21
Q

what occurs during posterior pelvic tilt?

A

straightening of spine

22
Q

what occurs during anterior pelvic tilt?

A

anterior sheer
thoracic kyphosis
cervical spine lordosis

23
Q

what occurs during kyphosis/dowagers hump/gibbus deformity?

A

increase in anterior compression

24
Q

what occurs during forward head posture?

A

increased c/s lordosis
increase compression of facets
increased extensor muscle activity

25
Q

what occurs during pes planus?

A

stretch of tibialis posterior
stretch of spring ligmanet
talus displaced anteriorly, navicular more inferiorly

26
Q

where do you weight bear during pes cavus?

A

laterally

27
Q

what is a negative side to pes cavus?

A

reduced shock absorption, fibularis longus and brevis muscles are on stretch

28
Q

what occurs during hammer toe? (3)

A

hyperextended MTP
flexed PIP
hyperextended DIP

29
Q

what structures are weak in hammer toe?

A

extensors and lumbricals

30
Q

what occurs during clawing of toe?

A

hyperextended MTP

flexed PIP and DIP

31
Q

what does clawed toe reduce in terms of stability?

A

BOS

32
Q

what occurs during genu varum?

A

compression medially

distraction laterally

33
Q

what occurs during genu valgum?

A

compression laterally

distraction medially

34
Q

what does genu valgum promote?

A

pronation, calcaneal eversion, lateral displacement of patella

35
Q

what is the external moment of the AO joint?

A

flexion

36
Q

what is the external moment of the C spine?

A

extension

37
Q

what is the external moment of the T spine?

A

flexion

38
Q

what is the external moment of the L spine?

A

extension

39
Q

what is the external moment of the SI joint?

A

nutation

40
Q

what is the external moment of the hip joint?

A

extension

41
Q

what is external moment of the knee joint?

A

extension

42
Q

what is the external moment of the ankle joint?

A

dorsiflexion

Kines II: Exam 2 (4 decks)

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