Postural analysis

Question 1

Quadratus Lumborum weakness

Answer 1

• Pelvis level
• 12th rib elevated
• lumbar deviation toward tight side

Question 2

Psoas weakness

Answer 2

• Foot turns in
• tendency for pronation of foot
• pelvis raises on opposite side
• lumbar deviation toward tight side
• bilateral weakness: loss of Lumbar lordosis

Question 3

Piriformis weakness

Answer 3

• opposite piriformis hypertonic
• opposite foot turns out

Question 4

gluteus maximus weakness

Answer 4

• pelvis elevation on weak side
• leg and foot internally rotated
• some loss of lateral knee stability
• lumbar lordosis and facet syndrome

Question 5

gluteus medius weakness

Answer 5

• high head (occiput), high shoulder and high pelvis on same side
• can be caused by an occiput subluxation on the low side

Question 6

sacrospinalis weakness

Answer 6

• C curve on side of weakness (convex)
• high shoulder and head on same side
• low hip/pelvis on same side
• prone: atonic muscle

Question 7

TFL weakness

Answer 7

• genu varus and pelvic elevation on weak side

Question 8

adductors weakness

Answer 8

• genu varus
• opposite pelvic elevation

Question 9

sartorius/gracilis weakness

Answer 9

• genu valgum
• affects AP balance of pelvis: lack of anterior support causing posterior ilium subluxation

Question 10

tibialis anterior weakness

Answer 10

• ankle pronation
• pes planus
• if psoas weak it causes internal leg rotation

Question 11

peroneus weakness

Answer 11

• pes cavus or supination

Question 12

medial hamstrings weakness

Answer 12

external foot rotation

Question 13

lateral hamstrings weakness

Answer 13

internal foot rotation

Question 14

hamstrings weakness

Answer 14

• anterior tilt of pelvis
• lumbar lordosis
• facet jam
  -possible anterior ischium subluxation

Question 15

rectus abdominis weakness

Answer 15

• separation of pelvis (pubes) and thoracic cage
• bilateral weakness: lumbar lordosis
• facet jam

Question 16

transverse abdominals weakness

Answer 16

• lateral abdominal bulge and possible scoliosis
• best seen doing sit-ups

Question 17

latissimus dorsi weakness

Answer 17

• high shoulder
• head level if no other muscles involved
• if upper trap involved: confusing pattern

Question 18

upper trapezius weakness

Answer 18

• shoulder low on weak side
• head tilt away from weak side
• secondary tightness on opposite side

Question 19

lower trapezius weakness

Answer 19

• elevated scapula
• kyphotic dorsal spine
• forward roll of shoulder

Question 20

rhomboid weakness

Answer 20

• sagged scapula
• head rotation toward side of weakness

Question 21

serrates anterior weakness

Answer 21

winging of scapula away from thoracic cage

Question 22

weak serrates anterior with secondary rhomboid contraction

Answer 22

less winging of scapula

Question 23

teres minor and/or infraspinatus weakness with other external rotators (deltoid post, supraspinatus

Answer 23

internal rotation with hand facing palm posteriorly

Question 24

subscapularis and other internal rotators (teres major, ant. deltoid, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi)

Answer 24

external rotation, palm facing forward

Question 25

neck extensors and/or flexors

Answer 25

lateral flexion of neck (high occiput on weak side)

Question 26

SCM

Answer 26

• head tilt on weak side (occuput high)
• head rotation toward weak SCM (if only due to weakness of SCM)

Question 27

rectus femoris

Answer 27

• posteriority of pelvis (Posterior ilium subluxation)
• loss of lumbar curve

Question 28

soleus weakness

Answer 28

forward lean due to poor posterior support

Question 29

cervical extensor weakness

Answer 29

forward head position

Question 30

quadriceps weakness

Answer 30

• lack of anterior support of knee
• knee hyperextension
  -posterior pelvic tilt (posterior ilium )

Question 31

popliteus

Answer 31

knee hyperextension

Question 32

gastrocnemius

Answer 32

knee hyperextension

Question 33

triceps brachii

Answer 33

excessive elbow flexion - can be due to overdevelopment of the biceps

Question 34

biceps brachii

Answer 34

straight elbow or extended elbow