Postop Terms

Question 0

Hypovolemic shock

Answer 0

Decrease in blood volume

Question 1

Shock

Answer 1

A body’s reaction to acute peripheral circulatory failure as a result of an alteration in circulatory control or a loss of circulating fluid.

Question 2

Atelectasis

Answer 2

Alveolar collapse, incomplete expansion of the lung.

Question 3

Pneumonia

Answer 3

Inflammation or infection of the lungs

Question 4

Hypostatic pulmonary congestion

Answer 4

Caused by weekend cardiovascular system that permits stagnation of secretions at lung bases.

Question 5

PE

Answer 5

Blood clot that has dislodged from a vein and traveled to the lungs where it lodges in a pulmonary vessel.

Question 6

Venous thromboembolism

Answer 6

PE and DVT together

Question 7

Intentional wound

Answer 7

Planned invasive therapy or treatment. Risk of infection is decreased, healing is facilitated.

Question 8

Unintentional wound

Answer 8

Accidental, trauma, gunshot, stab wound. Contamination is likely.

Question 9

Open wound

Answer 9

Skin surface is broken providing a portal of entry for microorganisms. Bleeding, tissue damage, increased risk for infection, and delayed wound healing. Example: incisions or abrasions.

Question 10

Closed wound

Answer 10

Skin surface is not broken but soft tissue is damaged and internal injury or hemorrhage may occur. Trauma like a blow, force or strained from a full, assault or motor vehicle accident. Example: hematoma.

Question 11

Partial thickness wound

Answer 11

All or a portion of the dermis is intact.

Question 12

Full thickness wound

Answer 12

Entire dermis, sweat glands, and hair follicles are severed.

Question 13

Complex wound

Answer 13

Dermis and underlying subcutaneous fat tissue are damaged or destroyed.

Question 14

Granulation tissue

Answer 14

Soft, pink, fleshy tissue, fragile and bleeds easily.

Question 16

Process of wound healing:

1) primary or first intention healing

Answer 16

Wound edges are well approximated, granulation tissue is not visible, scar formation is minimal.

Question 17

Process of wound healing:

2) secondary or second intention healing

Answer 17

Large open wound, edges not approximated, formation of granulation tissue, takes longer to heal, more scar tissue formed.

Question 18

Process of wound healing:

3) tertiary or third intention healing

Answer 18

Wound is left open for several days to allow Edema or infection to resolve then it is closed. Deeper and wider scar results.

Question 19

Negative nitrogen balance

Answer 19

When nitrogen intake is less than nitrogen excretion, there is a wasting and destruction of tissue.

Question 20

Positive nitrogen balanced

Answer 20

When nitrogen intake (protein in food) is greater than excretion of nitrogen and urine/feces. this equals tissue formation and growth.

Question 21

Clean wound

Answer 21

Non traumatic site, uninfected site, no break and aseptic technique, no entry into the respiratory, G.I., or genitourinary tract.

Question 22

Clean-contaminated wound

Answer 22

Entry into the respiratory, G.I., or genitourinary tract, but no unusual contamination, minor brake and sterile technique.

Question 23

Contaminated wound

Answer 23

Open, new traumatic wound, gross spillage from G.I. tract, major break and sterile technique, entry into the Genitourinary tract or biliary tract when urine or bile is infected.

Question 24

Dirty wound

Answer 24

Traumatic wound with delayed repair, foreign body, or fecal contamination, acute or purulent drainage encountered during procedure.

Question 25

Dehiscence

Answer 25

Partial or total separation of wound layers as a result of excessive stress on wounds that are not yet healed.

Question 26

Evisceration

Answer 26

Protrusion of viscera through the incisional site.

Question 27

Third space fluid shift

Answer 27

Movement of fluid from the vascular system to other body spaces. (Ascites in liver failure, edema in burn patients)

Question 28

Hemoconcentration

Answer 28

Only water is lost, other substances remain increasing concentration!

Question 29

Hypovolemia or isotonic dehydration

Answer 29

Water and electrolytes are lost from the extracellular fluid in the same proportion as they exist in normal body fluids.

Question 30

Hypervolemia or fluid overload

Answer 30

Abnormal retention of water and Na in extra cellular fluid in approximately the same proportions as they normally exist.