Posterior Superficial Extrinsic Muscles Of The Back

Question 1

Trapezius

Answer 1

Proximal attachment- nuchal ligament; superior nuchal line; spinous processes of C7-T12

Distal attachment- spine of scapula, lateral 1/3 clavicle; acromion

Innervation- spinal accessory nerve

Action - elevates, depresses, & retracts scapula

Question 2

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 2

Proximal attachment- iliac crest, spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, inferior 3/4 ribs

Distal attachment- intertubercular groove of humerus

Innervation- thoracodorsal nerve (C6,C7,C8)

Action- extends, adducts, and medically rotates humerus

Question 3

Rhomboid major

Answer 3

Proximal attachment- spinous processes of T2-T5

Distal attachment- medial border of scapula

Innervation- dorsal scapular nerve (C4 & C5)

Action- retracts and rotates scapula

Question 4

Rhomboid Minor

Answer 4

Proximal- spinous processes of C7-T1

Distal- superior medial border of scapula

Innervation- dorsal scapular nerves C4 & C5

Action- retracts and rotates scapula

Question 5

Levator Scapulae

Answer 5

Proximal- transverse processes of C1-C4

Distal- superior angle of scapula

Innervation- dorsal scapular (C5)
- cervical nerves (C3,C4)

Action- elevates scapula