Posterior Muscular Wall of Abdomen Flashcards
Q: What are the three main groups of muscles that make up the erector spinae?
A: The iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis.
Q: What is the primary function of the erector spinae group?
A: The primary function of the erector spinae is to extend the vertebral column and maintain erect posture. They also assist in lateral flexion and rotation of the spine.
Q: Where does the iliocostalis muscle originate and insert?
A: The iliocostalis muscle originates from the iliac crest and sacrum, and it inserts into the angles of the lower ribs and the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae.
Q: What are the three parts of the iliocostalis muscle, and where are they located?
A: The three parts are iliocostalis lumborum (lower back), iliocostalis thoracis (thoracic region), and iliocostalis cervicis (cervical region).
Q: What is the origin and insertion of the longissimus muscle?
A: The longissimus muscle originates from the sacrum, lumbar, and lower thoracic vertebrae, and it inserts into the transverse processes of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae and the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
Q: What are the three parts of the longissimus muscle?
A: The three parts are longissimus thoracis (thoracic region), longissimus cervicis (cervical region), and longissimus capitis (head region).
Q: Where does the spinalis muscle primarily originate and insert?
A: The spinalis muscle originates from the spinous processes of the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae and inserts into the spinous processes of the upper thoracic and cervical vertebrae.
Q: What are the three parts of the spinalis muscle, and where are they located?
A: The three parts are spinalis thoracis (thoracic region), spinalis cervicis (cervical region), and spinalis capitis (head region).
Q: What is the name of the deep fascia that surrounds the erector spinae muscles?
A: The erector spinae muscles are surrounded by the thoracolumbar fascia, which is a deep connective tissue structure.
Q: What is the origin and insertion of the quadratus lumborum muscle?
A: The quadratus lumborum originates from the iliac crest and the iliolumbar ligament. It inserts into the 12th rib and the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L4).
Q: What are the primary functions of the quadratus lumborum muscle?
A: The quadratus lumborum primarily functions to laterally flex the trunk, stabilize the 12th rib during respiration, and assist in extending the lumbar spine. It also helps in maintaining upright posture and stabilizing the pelvis.
Q: What are the two main parts of the psoas muscle?
A: The psoas muscle consists of the psoas major and the psoas minor.
Q: What is the origin and insertion of the psoas major muscle?
A: The psoas major originates from the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) and the bodies of the T12 and lumbar vertebrae. It inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur.
