Posterior Compartment and Plantar surface of foot Flashcards
Gastrocnemius
O: Medial and lateral heads arise from the posterior surfaces of the respective femoral condyles. I: Posterior surface of the calcaneus by way of the Achilles tendon. N: Tibial (S1-S2). A: plantar flexion of the foot and flexes the leg at the knee joint.
Plantaris
O: Above the lateral head of the gastrocnemius on the lower part of the supracondylar ridge of the femur. I: posterior part of the calcaneus along with the achilles tendon. N: tibial (L4-S2) A: flexes the knee and assists in plantar flexion
Soleus
O: Posterior surface of the head of the upper 1/3rd of the fibular shaft and adjacent medial region of the posterior tibia. I: posterior surface of the calcaneus by way of the Achilles tendon. N: Tibial nerve (S1-S2). A: plantar flexion of the foot.
Tibialis posterior
O: interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia, and superior 2/3 of the medial surface of the fibula. I: tuberosity of the navicular bone and slips to cuneiforms (3), cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4. N tibial (L5-S1). A: plantar flexion of foot; inverts and adducts the foot
Flexor Digitorum Longus
O: posterior surface of the tibia. I: inferior surface of the distal phalanges 2-5. N: deep fibular (L4-S2): A: flexion of phalanges of distal joints 2-5: inversion and plantarflexion of foot
Flexor Hallucis Longus
O:inferior 2/3 of the posterior fibula and interosseous membrane I: inferior surface of the distal phalanx of the great toe N: Deep fibular nerve (L4-S2). A: flexion of the distal phalanx 1, inversion and plantar flexion of the foot
Abductor Hallucis
O: flexor retinaculum, medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis. I: medial side of the base of the proximal phalanx of digit 1. N: medial plantar nerve, a branch of the tibial (L5-S1). A:abducts great toe.
Abductor digiti minimi
O: lateral process of the calcaneal tuberosity and the plantar aponeurosis. I: lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit N:lateral plantar nerve, a deep branch of the tibial (S2, S3). A: abducts and flexes the 5th digit
Flexor digitorum brevis
O: medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity, plantar aponeurosis. I: lateral surface of the middle phalanx of digits 2-5 via slips of tendon. N: medial plantar, a branch of the tibial (L5- S1). A: flexes digits 2-5.
Quadratus plantae
O: two slips via the medial and lateral sides of the calcaneus. I: two portions join and end in a flattened band at the tendon of the flexor digitorum longus. N: tibial nerve, lateral plantar branch (S1-S2) A: works with the flexor digitorum longus to pull the toes upward.
Lumbricals (foot)
O: tendons of the flexor digitorum longus. I: dorsal surface of the proximal phalanges (2-4) and expansions of the tendons of the extensor digitorum longus. N: terminal divisions of the tibial nerve (1st lumbircal through medial plantar nerve 2-4 by lateral plantar nerve). A: flexes the metatarsalphalangeal joints and extends the PIP joints and DIP joints
Flexor Hallucis brevis
O: plantar surface of the lateral cuneiform and cuboid bones. I: two tendons into the proximal phalanx of the great toe. N: medial plantar nerve. A: flexes the MTP of digit 1
Flexor digiti minimi
O: base if the 5th metatarsal bone and the sheath of the fibularis longus. I: lateral side of the base of the first phalanx of the 5th toe. N: superficial branch of the lateral plantar nerve. A: flexes at the MTP joint of the 5th toe.
Adductor Hallucis (oblique head)
O:2nd, 3rd, and 4th metatarsals and the sheath of the tendon of the fibularis longus. I: base of the proximal phalanx of digit 1 on the lateral side. N: lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3). A: adducts the great toe
Adductor Hallucis (transverse head)
O: plantar MTP ligaments of digits 3-5. I: lateral side of the great toe. N: lateral plantar nerve (S2-S3). A: adducts the great toe
