Posterior cervical triangles

Question 1

origin of trapezius (descending)

Answer 1

occipital bone, spinous processes of C1-C7

Question 2

origin of trapezius (transverse)

Answer 2

aponeurosis at T1-T4 spinous processes

Question 3

origin of trapezius (ascending)

Answer 3

spinous process T5-T12

Question 4

insertion of trapezius (descending)

Answer 4

clavicle (lateral 1/3)

Question 5

insertion of trapezius (transverse)

Answer 5

acromion

Question 6

insertion of trapezius (ascending)

Answer 6

scapular spine

Question 7

innervation of trapezius

Answer 7

Accessory n., C3-C4 of cervical plexus

Question 8

action of trapezius

Answer 8

descending - draws scap up, rotates glenoid cavity superiorly, tilts head same side, rotates it opposite side
transverse - draws scap medially
ascending - draws scap medially downward

Question 9

origin of sternocleidomastoid (sternal head)

Answer 9

manubrium of the sternum

Question 10

origin of sternocleidomastoid (clavicular head)

Answer 10

medial 1/3 of the clavicle

Question 11

insertion of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 11

mastoid process and superior nuchal line

Question 12

innervation of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 12

Accessory N. (CN XI)

Question 13

action of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 13

uni: tilts head to the same side and rotates head to the opposite side
bi: extends the head and aid in breathing when the head is fixed

Question 14

origin of platysma

Answer 14

skin of the lower neck and upper lateral thorax

Question 15

insertion of platysma

Answer 15

inferior border of the mandible and onto the skin over the lower face and the angle of the mouth

Question 16

innervation of platysma

Answer 16

cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 17

action of platysma

Answer 17

depress and wrinkle the skin of the mouth and face, tense the skin of the neck, and depress the mandible

Question 18

origin of anterior scalene

Answer 18

C3-C6 transverse processes

Question 19

origin of middle scalene

Answer 19

C1-C2 transverse processes, C3-C7 posterior tubercles of the transverse processes

Question 20

origin of posterior scalene

Answer 20

C5-C7 posterior tubercles of the transverse processes

Question 21

insertion of anterior scalene

Answer 21

scalene tubercle of the 1st rib

Question 22

insertion of middle scalene

Answer 22

1st rib, behind the groove for the subclavian artery

Question 23

insertion of posterior scalene

Answer 23

outer surface of the 2nd rib

Question 24

innervation of scalene

Answer 24

Direct branches from cervical and brachial plexuses (C3 to C8)

Question 25

action of scalene

Answer 25

With the ribs mobile,
elevates the upper ribs during forced respiration.

With the ribs fixed,

uni: bend the cervical spine ipsilaterally
bi: flex the neck.

Question 26

the posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves

Answer 26

C1: suboccipital n., C2: greater occipital n., C3: 3rd occipital n.

Question 27

C1: suboccipital n., C2: greater occipital n., C3: 3rd occipital n. supply what?

Answer 27

motor and cutaneous to the posterior neck and scalp

Question 28

suboccipital n., greater occipital n., 3rd occipital n. are what?

Answer 28

the posterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C1-C3

Question 29

sensory nerves of the cervical plexus

Answer 29

the lesser occipital (C1), great auricular (C2–C3), transverse cervical (C2–C3), and supraclavicular nerves (C3–C4)

Question 30

sensory nerves of the cervical plexus innervate:

Answer 30

skin and anterior & lateral scalp and neck

Question 31

which nerve arises from anterior rami of C3-C5

Answer 31

phrenic n.

Question 32

what does the phrenic nerve innervate?

Answer 32

diaphragm

Question 33

the sensory nerves emerge from the midpoint of the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle called:

Answer 33

the nerve point of the neck (Erb’s point)