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Anatomy: Winter Quarter > Posterior Abdominal Wall: Week 1 > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall: Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Diaphragm→ originates @ __, costal margin, quadratus lumborum and __(medial & lateral arcuate ligaments, vertebral bodies L1-3)

A

xiphoid process, psoas fascia

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2
Q

Diaphragm–> insertion @ ___ of the diaphragm

A

central tendon

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3
Q

Diaphragm –> innervated by __ (C3-5)

A

phrenic nerve

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4
Q

Diaphragm –> function = __ vertical diameter of thoracic cavity

A

increases

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5
Q

Psoas major originates
@ vetebral bodies, __ __, and transverse processes of T12 to L4

A

IV discs

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6
Q

Psoas major inserts @

A

lesser trochanter of femur

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7
Q

Psoas major is innervated by the …

A

ventral rami of L1 to L3/4

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8
Q

Psoas major function is flexion of __ at hip joint and flexion of trunk __ & __

A

thigh, forward, lateral

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9
Q

Quadratas Lumborum origin @ Transverse process of L5, __, and __

A

iliolumbar lig, iliac
crest

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10
Q

Quadratus Lumborum inserts @ __, and Rib 12

A

L1-4 Transverse processes

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11
Q

Quadratus Lumborum innervated by Ventral rami of __, L1 to L4

A

T12

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12
Q

Quadratus Lumborum function is __ & __ Rib 12. Some lateral bending as well.

A

Depression, stabilizing

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13
Q

Psoas minor originates @ __ and IV discs of T12 and __

A

vetebral bodies, L1

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14
Q

Psoas minor inserts @ __ of pelvic brim and iliopubic eminence

A

Pectineal line

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15
Q

Psoas minor is innervated by …

A

L1 ventral ramus

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16
Q

Psoas minor function weak __ of lumbar region

A

flexion

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17
Q

Iliacus originates @ upper __ of iliac fossa, __ and iliolumbar ligament, upper lateral sacrum

A

2/3rds, anterior sacroiliac

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18
Q

Iliacus inserts @ __ __ with psoas major (iliopsoas m)

A

lesser trochanter

19
Q

Iliacus is innervated by…

A

femoral nerve (L2-4)

20
Q

Iliacus function is flexion of __ at hip joint

A

thigh

21
Q

3 Regions of the Diaphragm:

A
  1. Sternal Part - Xiphoid process
  2. Costal Part - Internal Surface of 7th-12th ribs
  3. Lumbar part- Medial Arcuate Ligament & Lateral Arcuate Ligament
22
Q

Median Arcuate Ligament:

A

connects crura @ midline, arches anterior to the AORTA, completes the aortic hiatus

23
Q

Medial Arcute Ligaments (right & left):

A

arch from crus to transverse process of L1, arch anterior to the psoas major muscle

24
Q

Lateral arcuate ligament:

A

tendinous arch from transverse process of L1 to 12th rib, arches anterior to quadratus Lumborum muscle

25
Q

Aortic haitus (major opening):

A

Located @: At T12, posterior to median arcuate ligament

Structures passing through: Aorta, Thoracic Duct, and sometimes azygos v.

26
Q

Esophageal hiatus:

A

located @: AT T10, within right crus

Structures passing through: Esophagus, vagal trunks, esophageal vessels

27
Q

Caval opening:

A

Located @: At T8, in central tendon (Rt)

Structures passing through: IVC, right phrenic nerve

28
Q

Motor (efferent) innervation of the Diaphragm

A

Phrenic n (C3-5) solely

29
Q

Sensory (afferent) innervation of the Diaphragm

from fascia lining the diaphragm

A
  • Centrally: phrenic nerve
  • Periphery: Intercostal nn 7 – 11 and subcostal
    (T12)
30
Q

Blood supply of the Diaphragm superior surface

A
  • Musculophrenic and pericardiophrenic aa from Internal thoracic
  • Superior phrenic from Thoracic aorta
31
Q

Blood supply of the Diaphragm inferior surface

A

Inferior phrenic aa from
Abdominal Aorta

32
Q

Refer to Slide 18 for innervation of the posterior abdominal wall

A
33
Q

Arteries of the Posterior Abdominal Wall

A

ABDOMINAL AORTA
* Begins at T12 (aortic hiatus)
* Ends at L4, bifurcating into two common iliac aa.

34
Q

Branches of PAW: branches of abdominal aorta

A

Branches of Abdominal Aorta
* Parietal branches
* Inferior phrenic aa (right & left) at T12
* Lumbar aa (4 pairs)
* Median sacral a. (single artery) at L4
* Paired visceral branches
* Middle suprarenal aa.(adrenal) at L1
* Renal aa(L1/2)
* Gonadal aa(L2)
* Unpaired visceral branches
* Celiac a. at L1
* SMA at L1
* Inferior mesenteric a. at L3

Look at slide 15 for image

35
Q

Nerves of posterior abdominal wall

A

Lumbar plexus:
contribution from ventral rami of
L1 – L4 –> 50% receive contribution from T12

36
Q

Branches of Lumbar Plexus

A
  • Iliohypogastric (L1)
  • Ilioinguinal (L1)
  • Genitofemoral (L1-2)
  • Lateral cutaneous nerve of the
    thigh (L2,3)
  • Femoral nerve (L2-4)
  • Obturator nerve (L2-4)

slides 19-26

37
Q

Kidneys lie on __ abdominal wall and are fixed by __ posterior to peritoneum

A

posterior, retroperitoneal

slide 31

38
Q

Kidney anterior relationships

A

Right kidney –>Heptorenal recess (Morrison’s Pouch) [btwn Right Kidney and Liver] –> Diaphragm –> Lung

Right kidney is slightly lower

Kidney most inferior to all other structures; slide 32

39
Q

Kidney posterior relationship

slide 33

A

Diaphragm

Quadratus lumborum m

Transversus abdominis

11th & 12th ribs- left kidney

12th rib – right kidney

Costodiaphragmatic recess

Nerves:
* Subcostal
* iliohypogastric
* ilioinguinal

40
Q

Kidney covering from outermost to innermost layer:

A

Pararenal fat
Renal fascia
Perirenal fat
Fibrous
capsule
Kidney

41
Q

Kidney internal gross anatomy

A

renal cortex
Major calyx
renal medulla
renal pyramids
renal pelvis
minor calyx
renal papilla
renal hilum
ureter

Slide 36

42
Q

Renal sinus

A

large, fat-filled cavity
inside of the kidney that
extends from the hilum

slide 36

43
Q

Renal pelvis

A

is the upper expanded end of
the ureter, located
mostly in the renal sinus

slide 37

44
Q

Constrictions (lodging of kidney stones) of the Ureters: Locations

A

Ureteropelvic Junction
Cross Brim of Pelvic Inlet
Vesicoureteric Junction

Slide 40

Anatomy: Winter Quarter (1 decks)

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