Post war Italy Flashcards
What were the main weaknesses of the Liberal state from 1918-22?
The humiliation of the TofV - saw the gov as weak
The Fiume crisis highlighted challenges to the Liberal state
The collapse of Transformismo (political crisis 1919-22)
1919 +1920 elections saw the decline of the Liberal party
Economic decline
Rise of Fascism
Who was PM during the seizure of Fiume?
Francesco Nitti (PM of 3 separate governments from 1919 to 1920)
When was Giolitti reestablished as PM?
June 1920
When was the Treaty of Rapallo?
1920
When did Liberals introduce proportional representation in attempt to block extremist parties?
1919
When was the ‘extension of the franchise’?
1918 - following universal male suffrage
When was the Popolari founded and why were they a big threat?
1919 - likely to gain mass support, but unlikely to join a coalition
Who became the main parties in the Chamber after the 1919 and 1920 elections?
Socialists and Popolari
Why was Giolitti an unpopular figure?
opposition of involvement in WWI, authorisation of military action against D’Annunzio and unworkable coalitions
When was another general election called which caused Giolitti to resign again?
May 1921
What was the most significant consequences of the May 1921 election?
After the election, there were 3 different coalition government all lacking in a secure parliamentary majority
Fascists had 35 seats in the Chamber of Deputies.
How many soldiers were demobalised resulting in mass unemployment?
5 million
How much did post-war inflation cause the lire value to lose in 1919?
1/2 its value
By 1920, how many workers were in trade unions?
3 1/2 million (2 million in the increasingly Socialist General Confederation of Labour)
When was there an army mutiny in Ancona?
June 1920
