Post topic revision questions Flashcards
A person with a chronically activated sympathetic autonomic nervous system pathway is likely to have all of the following EXCEPT:
a) elevated concentration of epinephrine in the blood
b) dilated pupils
c) elevated heart rate
d) elevated rate of salivation
e) elevated blood pressure
d) elevated rate of salivation
After a satisfying lunch, you are likely to experience the results of:
c) Upregulated parasympathetic system activation
Which neurotransmitter is used by pre-ganglionic nerve axons of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
When a hormone that uses a second messenger binds to a target cell, the next thing that happens is that:
adenylate cyclase is activated by a G protein
The compound that most often acts as a second messenger is:
cyclic AMP
When a steroid hormone binds to its target cell receptor, it:
a) turns specific genes of the nuclear DNA on or off.
b) is converted into cholesterol, which acts as a second messenger.
c) alters the membrane’s permeability to G proteins.
d) causes the formation of cyclic AMP.
e) causes the formation of releasing hormones.
a) turns specific genes of the nuclear DNA on or off.
Releasing and inhibiting hormones are produced by the:
hypothalamus to control the anterior pituitary
Paracrines are:
local hormones that act on neighboring cells
The specific effect of a water-soluble hormone on a target cell depends on the:
specific protein kinase activated.
The hypothalamus:
a) provides the major link between the target organs and the pituitary.
b) forms the walls of the ventral half of the lateral ventricles.
c) is connected to the pituitary via the infundibulum.
d) is connected to the neural hypophysis of the anterior pituitary via blood vessels, and the posterior pituitary via axons.
e) is part of the cerebral hemispheres of the hindbrain.
c) is connected to the pituitary via the infundibulum.
Lipid soluble hormones:
a) activate a second messenger signalling pathway
b) bind to receptors embedded in the cell’s plasma membrane
c) travel in the blood in a “free” form
d) must dissociate from a transporter protein in order to leave the blood stream
e) have no effect on gene expression
d) must dissociate from a transporter protein in order to leave the blood stream
The anterior pituitary gland:
a) is not regulated by the hypothalamus
b) secretes all of the releasing hormones
c) is situated well anterior to the optic chiasm
d) produces the hormone hGH which causes pituitary dwarfism when hypersecreted
e) synthesises at least 7 different hormones critical in the regulation of all aspects of homeostasis
e) synthesises at least 7 different hormones critical in the regulation of all aspects of homeostasis
Hypophyseal portal veins
way of hypothalamus communicating with the anterior pituitary
