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He ed 110 > Post midterm review > Flashcards

Post midterm review Flashcards

1
Q

What is one of the most common ways to get people to get a gym membership?

A

capitalizing on securities and weight stigma.

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2
Q

What is BMI a measure of?

A

Size, BMI can be a complete inaccurate assessment of health

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3
Q

What is obesity measuring?

A

Level of function

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4
Q

What is the definition of obesity?

A

Excess adiposity and/or dysfunctional adipose tissue that causes biopsychosocial co-morbidities (NO MENTION OF BMI)

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5
Q

Why would higher weight and obesity not be the same?

A

Higher weight- Mark of physical health

Obesity- mental disorder

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6
Q

How is weight highly socialized?

A
  1. Body ideals and expectations
  2. Associations of personal characteristics with weight
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7
Q

What are the most common adjectives associated with weight stigma?

A

Lazy, non-compliant, and lacking self-control

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8
Q

What is weight stigma?

A

Negative social stereotypes and misconceptions associated with body weight

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9
Q

What further projects weight stigma?

A

The media

Example- T.V show “The Biggest Loser”

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10
Q

What is the problem with weight stigma?

A

The problem is associating personality traits with weight

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11
Q

Adults who have obesity identify ________ ________ settings as a source of weight stigma

A

Physical Activity Settings

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12
Q

Experiencing weight stigma reduces ____ - _______ to be active

A

Self-efficacy

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13
Q

Weight stigma increases maladaptive coping behaviors like…..

A

Unhealthy eating and avoiding activity

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14
Q

What is the prevailing narrative for the cause of obesity?

A

That someone with obesity is Individually Responsible

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15
Q

How many known causes are there of obesity?

A

200 causal factors

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16
Q

What are the 7 main categories that summarize the causes of obesity?

A
  1. Food production
  2. Social influences
  3. Food Consumption
  4. Individual Psychology
  5. Biology
  6. Individual Activity
  7. Activity Environment
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17
Q

What is an example of how food production can affect obesity?

A

Food production is a social determinant of health, access to grocery stores can affect obesity

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18
Q

What is an example of how Social Influences can affect obesity?

A

Socialization

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19
Q

What is an example of how Food consumption can affect obesity?

A

Cooking skills

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20
Q

What is an example of how Individual Psychology can affect obesity?

A

Mental illnesses

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21
Q

What is an example of how Biology can affect obesity?

A

Genetic proportions, families usually have similar body structures

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22
Q

What is an example of how Individual Activity can affect obesity?

A

Knowledge of activities

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23
Q

What is an example of how Activity Environment can affect obesity?

A

Parks, sidewalks, are you safe?

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24
Q

How can you connect the complex map of obesity to social determinants of health?

A

Food production and individual activity are still there but they do not function in isolation.

Example: We can give you exercise and nutrition programs however we must take into consideration social determinants, can you even afford this program?

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25
Q

Only ____ to ____ percent of Canadian adults are visibly active.

A

15 to 20 percent

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26
Q

What is weight bias?

A

Negative attitudes we hold towards weight (not just society)- can be influenced by weight stigma, and/or implicit (we don’t know they are there)

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27
Q

What is weight based discrimination?

A

When you act on your bias to treat others unfairly

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28
Q

Why is embarrassment not the same as shame and guilt?

A

Embarrassment is ACUTE

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29
Q

What does shame and guilt impact and how does it impact it?

A

Wellness and health behaviors by increasing stress, maladaptive eating behaviors and physical inactivity

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30
Q

What does shame do?

A

An intense emotion
- Shame further takes away our feeling of power

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31
Q

What does guilt do?

A

An intense emotion
-Guilt prevents us from acting for ourselves

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32
Q

What are 3-4 things that happen when someone is experiencing weight bias and stigma?

A
  1. Increased risk of experiencing internalized weight bias
  2. Acceptance and self-directs neg stereotypes associated with weight
  3. impacts indiv living with obesity
  4. associated with poor mental health outcomes and weight gain
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33
Q

What is internalized weight bias?

A

Self-blame, believing negative associations with weight about yourself

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34
Q

What does internalized weight bias do?

A

Focuses on obesity and indiv. responsibility, and drives obesity as well as reduces motivation and compliance to health recommendations

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35
Q

What is the main driver of obesity?

A

Its not the exercise, and not the nutrition, but the main driver is STIGMA

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36
Q

What can recognizing your weight bias+stigma do?

A

Reduces your actions and one step further improves attitudes

37
Q

Weight loss is one of the _____ effective goals to set to change your wellness behaviors!

A

LEAST

38
Q

___ % higher likelihood to experience bullying if a child has obesity

A

63%

39
Q

___ % of adults who have obesity report stigma at work

A

54%

40
Q

More then ___% of media representing obesity use weight stigmatizing messaging

A

70%

41
Q

___ % of patients who have obesity report experiencing weight bias from a health care provider

A

64%

42
Q

What is thermoregulation?

A

“energy in, energy out”

43
Q

Why is thermoregulation not effective?

A

Slow process, the “reward” takes a long time to observe, resources may be limiting, knowledge may be limiting, continuous exposure to weight stigma and risk of internalization

44
Q

On average, exercise studies show that weight loss is only about __ kg

A

2.0 Kg

45
Q

Long term __________ for diet programs is very poor

A

Sustainability

46
Q

We should reframe health goals to be ______ related

A

Wellness

47
Q

What are the ACUTE benefits of exercise?

A
  • Better mood
  • Better sleep
  • Improves energy levels
48
Q

How could you reframe the health goal “I want to improve my sleep” into a wellness goal?

A

I will sleep 8 hours a day, I will not look at social media

49
Q

How could you reframe the health goal “I want to improve my mental health” into a wellness goal?

A

I will try to meet my friends on the weekend, I will journal

50
Q

How could you reframe the health goal “I want to improve my blood pressure” into a wellness goal?

A

I will exercise 30 mins per day, I will meditate 15 mins a day

51
Q

If you focus on _______, _______ will follow

A

If you focus on wellness, health will follow

52
Q

What are some ways you benefit from phy activity other then weight loss

A

Improves insulin sensitivity, reduced blood pressure, reduce mood disorders, better body image

53
Q

______ _____ is not how we should judge the success of physical activity or therapy

A

Weight loss

54
Q

What are 2 more compassionate ways to promote/measure success for physical activity other then the number on the scale?

A
  1. Adherence- did you do the phys activity?
  2. Affect- how did you feel after the phys activity?
55
Q

Goal should be to have __ to __ mins of moderate to vigorous activity on most days of the week trying to achieve at least ___ min per week AND incorporate strength training _____ per week

A

30-60 min most days

at least 150 mins per week

strength training TWICE per week

56
Q

What is the issue with media showing rapid weight loss methods?

A

False promises, “sense of failure”, not evidence based or sustainable, increased shame and guilt

57
Q

What does the socioecological framework do?

A

Helps us to understand behavior changes

58
Q

How does the socioecological framework work?

A
  • each level influences your behaviors
  • closer to the middle the more personal
  • levels interact with each other
  • some factors may influence you more or less at diff times in your life
59
Q

What are the 5 levels in the socioecological framework?

A
  1. Public policy
  2. Community
  3. Organizational
  4. Interpersonal
  5. Individual
60
Q

What is an example of public policy? (sociological framework)

A

Laws- online school mandated

61
Q

What is an example of Community? (sociological framework)

A

Access, connectedness, spaces- The library is always packed

62
Q

What is an example of Organizational ? (sociological framework)

A

Schools, workplaces - The uni always has lots of events that are more fun then studying

63
Q

What is an example of Interpersonal? (sociological framework)

A

Family, friends - The ppl in your household are active

64
Q

What is an example of Individual? (sociological framework)

A

Skills, attitudes, knowledge- Your motivation to be active

65
Q

Why is it helpful to know the sociological framework?(3 reasons)

A
  • Understand what influences the person and use it to help overcome it
  • Understand what they may have in control of cannot control and meet them where they are at
  • Understand what level may need to be addressed to help a person or a larger population
66
Q

Influencers in this sociological model vary based on many factors OUTSIDE of our control.(5 key things)

A

SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
- Economic stability
- healthcare access and quality
-social and community network
- built environment
-education access and quality

67
Q

Wellness Behaviors= ______ Strategies

A

Coping

68
Q

Self-compassion may be an important _______ trait that we need for effective coping

A

Intrapersonal

69
Q

What is self-compassion?

A

Directing kindness and care to yourself

70
Q

What are the 3 factors of self-compassion?

A
  1. Self-kindness
  2. common humanity
  3. mindfulness
71
Q

What is Self-kindness?

A

Treating yourself kindly when things go wrong

Focus on resilience

Be reassuring not critical - “I failed” to “I tried” or “I failed” to “What can I do next time”

72
Q

What is common humanity?

A

Recognizing that your experiences are a part of life

understand differences in stress buckets

get away from the “why me” idea - pain and suffering is yours, and this doesn’t mean others don’t have their own

73
Q

What is mindfulness?

A

Finding the balance between emotions and reality- dont dwell in the negative

understand when your emotions are too charged or take over

74
Q

How is self-compassion used?

A
  • mostly in a 1 on1 setting
  • could include adopting other wellness behaviors
  • helps identify if you need “problem focused” or “emotion focused” coping(you may need to use both)
75
Q

What is Problem- focused coping?

A

Managing a specific event or issue causing distress

76
Q

What is Emotion-focused coping?

A

Regulating your emotional response to a problem or event causing distress

77
Q

What are the 5 categories of coping? (can do yourselves or a health care provider can lead you to them)

A
  1. Positive cognitive restructuring
  2. Seeking support
  3. Problem solving
  4. Distraction
  5. Escape and avoidance
78
Q

Explain the positive cognitive restructuring coping strategy

A

“finding the bright side”
- playing down negativity

For some this works well for others it causes mistrust with Heathcare providers

79
Q

Explain the seeking support coping strategy

A

Needs added support/adopt more wellness behaviours

80
Q

Explain the problem solving coping strategy

A

“Plan for action”
- you both understand the issue and can addresss it

81
Q

Explain the distraction coping strategy

A

Fill the void with something else (e.g. work out)

THIS IS THE ONE THAT COULD GO BAD ex alcoholism- maladaptive strategy

82
Q

Explain the escape and avoidance coping strategy

A

Recognize reality from what you feel

  • disengage cognitively but keep a balance (mindfulness)
83
Q

What is proactive coping?

A

Establishing wellness behaviors and self-compassion

84
Q

What does proactive coping do?

A

Allows you to be better at managing new stressful situations, emotionally regulate, and have positive biopsychosocial health

85
Q

What is self-reflection?

A

Examining yourself inwardly- make sense of your response and situation in your own way

86
Q

What is empathy?

A

Your ability to understand another persons reality

87
Q

Self- reflection and strengthening your empathy is a tool to overcome ______ _______ like implicit power

A

Structural Barriers

88
Q

How would a health professional practice self-reflection in real time?(6 ways)

A
  • Attentive listening
  • Patient-oriented discussion
  • Patient- oriented outcomes
  • Being inquisitive
    -Conveying their understanding and empathy verbally and physically
  • taking time to reflect- self-compassion
89
Q

A health care professional who is self-reflective is more _______ instead of ______.

A

Inquisitive instead of directing

He ed 110 (2 decks)

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