possible short answer questions

Question 1

voltage of a source

Answer 1

source will have a positive voltage so it should increase potential energy.

Question 2

voltage of a conductor `

Answer 2

measured close to 0 or 0 so should have little effect

Question 3

voltage of a electric load

Answer 3

electric load will have a negative voltage so it should decrease of potential energy

Question 4

voltage of a swtich

Answer 4

voltage measured close to 0 or 0 so should have little effect.

Question 5

examples of a source

Answer 5

• battery
• electrochemical cell

Question 6

examples of a conductor

Answer 6

• metals (copper, nickel)
• carbon

Question 7

examples of a electric load

Answer 7

• light bulb
• heater
• monitor

Question 8

examples of a switch

Answer 8

light switch

Question 9

define static electricity

Answer 9

static electricity is the build up and release of static charge on an object.

for lightning, it gets built up and then it gets released on to earth.

Question 10

define electric discharge

Answer 10

when an object loses an electric charge by transferring electrons.

Question 11

whats the 3 laws of electric charge?

Answer 11

1. Charged objects can attract neutral ones.
   2.Opposite charges attract.
   3.Like (same) charges repel

Question 12

how can a neutral charge be produced?

Answer 12

a neutral charge can be produced if there is a equal amount of positive and negative charges.

Question 13

how can a positive charge be produced?

Answer 13

a positive charge can be produced if there is more positive charges then negative.

Question 14

how can a negative charge can be produced?

Answer 14

a negative charge can be produced if there are more negative charges then positive.

Question 15

What is the electrodes in a electrochemical cell?

Answer 15

the electrodes are the the terminals made of a conducting material. batteries have 2 different electrodes and they provide the high and low energy positions for a charge.

Question 16

What is the electrolyte in a electrochemical cell?

Answer 16

it is a substance that conducts electricity. It allows charged particles to flow. It can be paste or fluid. The electrodes must both be touching an electrolyte for a charge to move between them.

Question 17

what is an example of a electrode?

Answer 17

Nickel and cadmium

Question 18

what is an example of a electrolyte?

Answer 18

Acids (like in some fruit) and Salt water solutions

Question 19

how can changing the width, length, temperature, and type of material affects resistance in a conductor.

Answer 19

Width: wider = less resistance, narrower = more resistance

length: shorter = less resistance, longer = more resistance

temp: colder = less resistance, warmer = more resistance

conductor: copper is a better conductor than iron. Copper therefore has a lower resistance.

Question 20

Explain what is meant by an electric potential difference (voltage) as it applies to an electric circuit.

Answer 20

Think of it as pressure on electrons to change position. It represents the amount of work that would be done if an electric charge is moved from a position of high electric potential energy to a position of lower electric potential energy.

Question 21

How does friction create a static charge when objects rub together?

Answer 21

when rubbing two objects together, electrons will transfere from one object to another. Charging by friction will result in a charge building up in a specific area of the object.

Some materials have a stroger attraction for electrons then others. If you rub a material with a stronger attraction with a material with a weaker attraction, the electrons will be picked up by the material with the stronger attraction.

For example, when you rub a ballon against your hair.

Question 22

how does a electrostatic series work?

Answer 22

when rubbing 2 materials together

-the material closer the top will lose electrons
- the material closer the the bottom will gain electrons
- the bigger the separation, the larger the charge created.

Question 23

what happens when a neutral object touches a charged object?

Answer 23

the electrons or protons will be transferred onto the neutral object until both objects have a balanced charge. Then making both objects negative or positive.

Question 24

what happens when a charged object touches a charged object?

Answer 24

electrons would move away from the object with more electrons until both objects have the same charge.

Question 25

what is a electric circuit?

Answer 25

a continuous loop of conducting material though which electrons can move.

Question 26

how does a flow work throughout an electric circuit?

Answer 26

electrons can move through a wire from th negative end to the positive end of the battery. The resistor uses the energy of the electrons around the wire to slow down the flow of electrons.

Question 27

whats the purpose of a fuse?

Answer 27

a fuse protects the electric circuit from excessive electric current.

Question 28

whats the purpose of an circuit breaker?

Answer 28

aa circuit breaker protects an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuits.

Question 29

what ways can electrical energy be coverted

Answer 29

• heat
• light
• sound
• movement (kinetic)