possible short answer questions Flashcards
voltage of a source
source will have a positive voltage so it should increase potential energy.
voltage of a conductor `
measured close to 0 or 0 so should have little effect
voltage of a electric load
electric load will have a negative voltage so it should decrease of potential energy
voltage of a swtich
voltage measured close to 0 or 0 so should have little effect.
examples of a source
- battery
- electrochemical cell
examples of a conductor
- metals (copper, nickel)
- carbon
examples of a electric load
- light bulb
- heater
- monitor
examples of a switch
light switch
define static electricity
static electricity is the build up and release of static charge on an object.
for lightning, it gets built up and then it gets released on to earth.
define electric discharge
when an object loses an electric charge by transferring electrons.
whats the 3 laws of electric charge?
- Charged objects can attract neutral ones.
2.Opposite charges attract.
3.Like (same) charges repel
how can a neutral charge be produced?
a neutral charge can be produced if there is a equal amount of positive and negative charges.
how can a positive charge be produced?
a positive charge can be produced if there is more positive charges then negative.
how can a negative charge can be produced?
a negative charge can be produced if there are more negative charges then positive.
What is the electrodes in a electrochemical cell?
the electrodes are the the terminals made of a conducting material. batteries have 2 different electrodes and they provide the high and low energy positions for a charge.
What is the electrolyte in a electrochemical cell?
it is a substance that conducts electricity. It allows charged particles to flow. It can be paste or fluid. The electrodes must both be touching an electrolyte for a charge to move between them.
what is an example of a electrode?
Nickel and cadmium
what is an example of a electrolyte?
Acids (like in some fruit) and Salt water solutions
how can changing the width, length, temperature, and type of material affects resistance in a conductor.
Width: wider = less resistance, narrower = more resistance
length: shorter = less resistance, longer = more resistance
temp: colder = less resistance, warmer = more resistance
conductor: copper is a better conductor than iron. Copper therefore has a lower resistance.
Explain what is meant by an electric potential difference (voltage) as it applies to an electric circuit.
Think of it as pressure on electrons to change position. It represents the amount of work that would be done if an electric charge is moved from a position of high electric potential energy to a position of lower electric potential energy.
How does friction create a static charge when objects rub together?
when rubbing two objects together, electrons will transfere from one object to another. Charging by friction will result in a charge building up in a specific area of the object.
Some materials have a stroger attraction for electrons then others. If you rub a material with a stronger attraction with a material with a weaker attraction, the electrons will be picked up by the material with the stronger attraction.
For example, when you rub a ballon against your hair.
how does a electrostatic series work?
when rubbing 2 materials together
-the material closer the top will lose electrons
- the material closer the the bottom will gain electrons
- the bigger the separation, the larger the charge created.
what happens when a neutral object touches a charged object?
the electrons or protons will be transferred onto the neutral object until both objects have a balanced charge. Then making both objects negative or positive.
what happens when a charged object touches a charged object?
electrons would move away from the object with more electrons until both objects have the same charge.
what is a electric circuit?
a continuous loop of conducting material though which electrons can move.
how does a flow work throughout an electric circuit?
electrons can move through a wire from th negative end to the positive end of the battery. The resistor uses the energy of the electrons around the wire to slow down the flow of electrons.
whats the purpose of a fuse?
a fuse protects the electric circuit from excessive electric current.
whats the purpose of an circuit breaker?
aa circuit breaker protects an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuits.
what ways can electrical energy be coverted
- heat
- light
- sound
- movement (kinetic)
