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Positions Flashcards

0
Q

Tube feeding with decreased LOC position

A

Right/Elevated

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1
Q

Air/Pulmonary Embolism position

A

Left/Lower

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2
Q

After lumbar puncture & oil based myelogram position

A

Flat supine (8hrs)

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3
Q

Heat stroke position

A

Flat w/ legs elevated

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4
Q

After myringotomy position

A

On Affect ear

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5
Q

Cataract surgery position

A

On unaffected side

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6
Q

Thyroidectomy position

A

Semi-fowlers

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7
Q

Infant w/ spina bifida position

A

Prone

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8
Q

Bucks traction position

A

Elevate food of bed

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9
Q

Prolapsed cord position

A

Knee to chest / trendelenburg

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10
Q

Cleft lip position

A

Supine or lateral on unaffected

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11
Q

Above knee amputation position

A

First 24hr on pillow, position prone daily for hip extension

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12
Q

Below knee amputation position

A

Foot of bed elevated first 24hrs w/ prone daily for hip extension

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13
Q

After supratentorial surgery position

A

Elevate HOB 35-45

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14
Q

Infratentorial surgery position

A

Flat and lateral

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15
Q

During internal radiation

A

Bed rest

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16
Q

Autonomic dysreflexia position & signs/symptoms

A

Elevate HOB first, loosen constricting clothing, assess for bladder distention, administer antihyperstensive

Pounding headache, profuse sweating, nasal congestion,goose flesh, bradycardia & HYPERTENSION

Caused by a spinal cord injury ( at T-7 or above)

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17
Q

Shock position & drug

A

Modified trendenburg (extremities elevated 20, knees straight, head slightly elevated)

Drug: Intropine

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18
Q

Pancriatitis pain med

A

Demerol

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19
Q

Myastenia Gravis

A

Worsens w/ exercis & improves w/ rest

Positive reaction to Tensilon - symptoms improve

Cholinergic crisi- tensilon worsen symptoms - stop medication

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20
Q

Metabolic acidosis

A

From the ass ( diarrhea)

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21
Q

Metabolic alkalosis

A

From the mouth (vomiting)

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22
Q

Hypothyroidism (myxedema)

A

Slow physical & mental function, sensitive to cold, dry skin & hair

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23
Q

Hyperthyroidism (Grave’s)

A

Accelerated physical and mental function, sensitive to hot, fine/soft hair

Skinny, nervous, buldging eyes, up all night, tachycardia

Thyroid storm: increased temp, pulse and HTN

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24
Q

Hypo-parathyroid (hypocalcemia)

A

CATS: convulsions, arrhythmias, tetany, spasms, stridor, muscles rigid and tight

Diet: high ca low phosphorus

Drug: synthroid

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25
Q

Hyper-parathyroid (hypercalcemia)

A

Sedated: fatigue, muscle weakness, renal caliculi, back and JOINT PAIN

Diet: low ca high phosphorus

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26
Q

Hypovolemia

A

Increases temp, rapid/weak pulse, hypotension, increased RESPIRATIONS, anxiety

Specific gravity > 1.030

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27
Q

Hypervolemia

A

Bounding pulse, hypertension, SOB, dyspnea, rares/crackles, peripheral edema,

Urine specific gravity < 1.010

Semi-fowlers

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28
Q

Diabetes Insipitus (DI)

A 
Decreased ADH
Polyuria
Thirst
Dehydration
Weakness

Drug: vasopressin

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29
Q

SIADH

A

Increased ADH
Change in LOC
Decreased derp tendon reflexes, tachycardia
N/v/a

Drug: declomycin, diuretics

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30
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Vomiting, NG suction, diuretics, not eating

Muscle weakness & cramps
Dysrhythmias

Treat: increase K (raisins, bananas,apricots, oranges, kiwi, beans, potatoes, carrots, celery)

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31
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Kidney troubles, aldactone

MURDER: muscle twitching, weakness, urine (oliguria/anuria), respiratory depression, dcreases cardiac contactibility, ECG changes, reflexes, flaccid paralysis

First assess pulse rate

Treat: glucose & insulin, diuretics, kayexulate, calcium gluconate

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32
Q

Hyponatremia

A

Too much water (SIADH)

Nausea, muscle cramps & twitching, increased ICP, convulsions

Needs sodium

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33
Q

Hypernatremia

A

To much sodium not enough water (dehydration) - DI

Increased temp, weakness, disorientation/delusions, hypotension, tachycardia, dry mouth, swollen tongue

Hypotonic solution

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34
Q

Hypocalcemia

A

Not enough PTH

CATS: convulsions, arrythmias, tetany, muscle spasms - rigid & tight

Positive trousseau & tchvoskis signs

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35
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

Too much PTH

Sedated: muscle weakness & flacid, lack of coordination, abdominal pain, confusion, absent tendon reflexes, polyuria

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36
Q

Hypermagnesium

A

Renal failure, antacids

Sedated: mucle weakness & flaccid, hypotension, facial flushing, absent deep tendon reflexes, shallow respirations, EMERGENCY

Calcium gluconate (antidote)

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37
Q

Hypomagnesium

A

Diarrhea, alcoholism

Muscle rigid & tight,tremors, tetany, seizures, dyrshythmias, depression, confusion, dysphagia

Dig toxicity

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38
Q

Addisons

A

Low aldosterone

Initially hyperkemia (muscle twitching, weakness, flaccid paralysis). HypoNa, HyperK, hypoglycemia, dark pigmentation, fractures, alopecia, weight loss, GI distress, hypotension

Addisonian crisis: severe hypertension & vascular collapse - n/v, confusion, abdominal pain, extreme weakness, hypoglycemia, dehydration, decreased BP

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39
Q

Cushings

A

Too many steriods

HyperNa, HypoK, hyperglycemia, prone to infection, muscle wasting, weakness, edema, Hypertension, hirutism, moon face / buffalo hump

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40
Q

Tetralogy of fallot

A

DROPS: child drops to floor or squats

Defect, septal
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Overriding aorta
Pulmonary stenosis

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41
Q

MAOIs

A

Priates say arrr (Parnate, marplan, nardil)

PaNaMa

Metallic bitter taste

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42
Q

Tylenol antidote

A

Mucomyst

Diluted in cola, water or juice

Given orally or by ng tube after verification that the stomach is empty through emisis or gastric lavage

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43
Q

Cord compression position

A

Trendelenburg

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44
Q

Vetilator alarms

A

HOLD: high alarm- obstructed

Low alarm - disconnected

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45
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Hot & dry = sugar high

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46
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

Cool & clammy - need some candy

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47
Q

Increased ICP

A

Increased BP, decreased pulse, decresed respirations

Cushings triad

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48
Q

Shock

A

Decreased BP, increased pulse, increased respirations

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49
Q

Cor pulmonae

A

Right sided heart failure - occurs with bronxhitis or emphysema (COPD)

Edema, jugular distention

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50
Q

Jews

A

No meat & milk together

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51
Q

Phobic disorders

A

Systemic desensitization

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52
Q

Heparin antidote & test

A

Protamine sulfate

aPTT

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53
Q

Coumadin antidote & test

A

Vitamin K

PT & INR

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54
Q

Ammonia antidote

A

Lactulose

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55
Q

Iron antidote

A

Deferoxamine

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56
Q

Dig antidote

A

Digibind

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57
Q

Alcohol withdrawl drug

A

Librium

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58
Q

Narcotic addicts pain med

A

Methadone

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59
Q

Vtach drug

A

Lidocaine

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60
Q

SVT drug

A

Adenosine or adenocard

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61
Q

Asystole drug

A

Atropine

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62
Q

CHF drug

A

ACE inhibitor “pril”

Apresonline - report flu like symptoms

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63
Q

Status Epilepticus assessment & drug

A

LOC

Valium

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64
Q

Diverticulitis pain

A

LL quadrant

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65
Q

Appendicitis pain & post position

A

RL quadrant w/ rebound tenderness

Right side w/ legs flexed

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66
Q

Acites

A

Portal hypertension + albuminemia

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67
Q

Fat embolism

A

Petechia, blood tinged sputum, increases ESR, respiratory alkalosis, hypocalcemia, increased serum lipids, & snow storm

Given heparin

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68
Q

Amniocentesis

A

Before 20wks

Cardiac and pulmonary abnormalities

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69
Q

Right side cardiac cath

A

Valve problems

70
Q

Left sided cardiac cath

A

Coronary complications

71
Q

Pathological jaundice

A

Before 24hrs and lasts 7 days

72
Q

Physiological jaundice

A

After 24hrs

73
Q

Previa

A

No pain, bleeding

74
Q

Abrupto

A

Bleeding with Pain

Monitor I&O’s

75
Q

Dystocia

A

Baby cannot make it down the canal

76
Q

2-3 months

A

Turns head side to side

77
Q

4-5 months

A

Graps, switch, roll

78
Q

6-7 months

A

Sit and wave bye bye

79
Q

8-9 months

A

Stands straight at 8

80
Q

10-11

A

Belly to butt

81
Q

12-13 months

A

Twelve and up, drink from a cup

82
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Respiratory alkalosis

83
Q

Murphys sign

A

Pain with palpation of gall bladder

Cholecystitis

84
Q

Cullens sign

A

Ecchymosis in umbilical area

Pancreatitis

85
Q

Turners sign

A

Flank gravish blue

Pancreatitis

86
Q

McBurneys point

A

Pain in RLQ

Appendicitis

87
Q

LLQ pain

A

Diverticulitis

Low residual, no seeds, nuts, peas

88
Q

RLQ

A

Appendicitis

Watch for peritonitis

89
Q

Guthrie test

A

Tests for PKU

Baby should eat protein first

90
Q

Shillings tests

A

Pernicious anemia

Need B 12

91
Q

TPA antidote

92
Q

3 C’s in TEF

A

Coughing, choking, cyanosis

93
Q

Containdication for Hep B vaccine

A

Allergy to bakers yeast

94
Q

MMR

A

Sub Q injection

Ask if allergy to egg or neomycin

95
Q

Signs of a fractured hip

A

External rotation, shortening, adduction

96
Q

Glaucoma medication

A

Diamox

Cause hypokalemia

97
Q

Hirschsprungs

A

Bile in lower obstruction, no bile in upper obstruction, ribbon like and foul smelling stools

Rectal biopsy for absence of ganglionic cells

Failure to pass meconium

98
Q

Fetal alcohol syndrome

A

Upturned nose
Flat nasal bridge
Thin upper lip
SGA

99
Q

Kawaski syndrome

A

Strawberry tongue

Leads to cardiac problems - coronary artery aneurysms

100
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

Red beefy tongue

101
Q

Down syndrome

A

Protruding tongue

102
Q

Cholera

A

Rice watery stool

103
Q

Maleria

A

Stepladder like fever and chills

104
Q

Typhoid

A

Rose spots on abdomen

105
Q

Diptheria

A

Pseudo membrane formation

106
Q

Measles

A

Kopliks spots (red spots with blue centers) - usually in the mouth

107
Q

Liver cirrhosis

A

Spider like veins

108
Q

Leprosy

A

Lioning face

109
Q

Bulemia

A

Chipmunk face

110
Q

Dengue

A

Petechiae or + hermans sign

111
Q

Tetanus

A

Risus sardonicus

112
Q

Pancreatitis sign

A

Cullens sign & + grey turners spots

After pain relief, cough and deep breathe

113
Q

Intussusception

A 
Sausage shaped mass
Dance sign (empty portion of RLQ)

Currant Jelly like stools

Common in kids with CF

114
Q

MS sign

A

Charcott’s Triad

Myelin sheat destruction - disruption in the nerve impulse conduction

Limb weakness, paralysis, slow speech, numbness, tingling, tinnitus, nystagmus, ataxia, dysphagia, dysarthria

Hyperactive deep tenden reflexes, visual changes, fatigue, spacity

115
Q

MG sign

A

Descending muscle weakness

Decrease in receptor sites for acetylcholine

Fatigue, weakness in eye, mastication, phayngeal muscles

116
Q

Guillian barre syndrome

A

Ascending muscle weakness

Ascending paralysis

Keep eye on respiratory system

117
Q

Epiglotitis sign

A

Drooling, dysphonia, dysphagia

118
Q

Infectious mononucleosis

A

Sore throat, cervical lymph adenopathy, fever

119
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Salty skin

1st sign: meconium ileus at birth

Inconsulable, does not eat, not passing meconium

Treat: low fat, high sodium, fat soluable vitamins ADEK. Aerosol bronchodilators, mucolytics and pancreatic enzymes

120
Q

Gerd

A

Barretts esophagus

Baby: position prone w/ hob elevated

Adult: left side w/ HOB elevated

121
Q

Hepatic encephalopathy

A

Flappung temors

122
Q

Menieres disease

A

Vertigo
Tinnitus
N/V

T: diuretic, restrict Na, lay on affected ear

123
Q

Lymes disease

A

Bulls eye rash

124
Q

Atropine overdose

A

Hot as a hare (temp), mad as a hatter (LOC), red as a beet (flushed face), dry as a bone ( thirsty)

125
Q

1st degree burn

A

Red and painful

126
Q

2nd degree burn

127
Q

3rd degree burn

128
Q

Gastric ulcer pain

A

Occurs after eating, not at night, and not relieved by food

129
Q

After shunt placement position

A

Position flat

130
Q

Multiple myeloma

A

Bence jones protein

131
Q

ARDS sign

A

Hypoxemia

Increased respirations

132
Q

Pulmonary embolism sign

A

Sudden Chest pain, dyspnea & tachypnea

133
Q

5yr old CPR

134
Q

Head injury medication

A

Mannitol

Crystalizes at room temp

Use a filter needle

135
Q

Pre liver biopsy

A

Check prothrombin time

136
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

Hypersecretion of epi/norepi

Persistent HTN, increased HR, hyperglycemia, diaphoresis, tremor, pounding headache,

Avoid stress, frequent bathing and rest breaks, avoid cold and stimulating foods, surgery to remove tumor

Test: catecholamine (normal up to 14/100ml - higher = pheochromocytoma)

137
Q

Neuropleptic malignant syndrome

A

Hyperprexia ( u get hot), stiff (increased muscle tone), sweaty (diaphoresis), increase in BP, pulse and respirations, u start to drool

138
Q

Pneumonia sign & position

A

Fever & chills are usually present

Elderly: confusion

Lay on affected side - splints and reduces pain

139
Q

Prednisone toxicity

A

Buffallo hump, moon face, hyperglycemia, hypertension (cushings)

140
Q

Glaucoma signs

A

Painful, Loss of peripheral vision

141
Q

DKA

A

Breakdown of fat instead of sugar - decrease in pH - metabolic acidosis - kussmals respirations to compensate

Seen in Type I

Treat with fluids first - expect potassium replacement

142
Q

Cataract

A

Painless, Cloudy, blurry vision

Treatment: lens removal surgery

143
Q

Co2 causes

A

Vasoconstriction

144
Q

Parkinsons

A

RAT- rigidity, akinesia (loss of muscle movement). Pill roll Tremors

Drug: levodopa

145
Q

Heart defects - cyanotic

A

3-t’s

Tof, Truncys arteriosus, transposition of the great vessles

Prevent blood from going to the heart

146
Q

Wilms tumor

A

Encapsulated above the kidney - causes flank pain

147
Q

Hypoxia sign

A

Restlessness, anxious, cyanotic tachycardia, increased respirations

148
Q

Order of assessment

A

Inspection palpation percussion auscultation

Bowel: inspect, auscultate percuss, palpate

149
Q

Pagets disease

A

Tinnitus, bone pain, enlargement of the bone, thick bones

150
Q

Huntingtons

A

Chorea: writhing, twisting, movements of face, limbs and body

Autosomal dominent disorder

151
Q

Anticholinergic effects

A

Dry mouth, urinary retention, constipation, blurred vision

152
Q

Compartment syndrome classic symptoms

A

Paresthesias and increased pain

153
Q

Meningeal signs

A

Nuchal rigidity, positive babinski, positive kernig and photophobia

154
Q

Stomas

A

Poor blood supply: dusky color

Prolapsed: protruding

Peritonitis: sharp pain & rigidity

155
Q

Glomerulonephritis

A

Assess: BP

Restrict: fluids, protein, sodium & potassium

156
Q

CSF in meningitis

A

Cloudy, High protein, low glucose

157
Q

Tet spells drug

158
Q

Post splenectomey

A

Pneumovax 23 - prevent pnumoccocal sepsis

159
Q

HHNS

A

Type II

No ketones & no acidosis

Porassium is low

Fluids first

160
Q

Decorticate

A

Cortex involvement

161
Q

Decerebrate

A

Brain stem involvement

162
Q

Removal of pituitary gland

A

Monitor for hypocortisolism and temp DI

163
Q

Renal failure sign

A

Low mag & high creatinine

164
Q

Ng tube irrigation

A

Cola - teach family

165
Q

Normal lucid pt starts seeing bugs

A

Check respiratory status first

166
Q

Cold stress in infants

A

Respiratory distress

167
Q

Sign of bleeding

A

Low hemoglobin and/or hematocrit

Sign: Dark stools

168
Q

Newly diagnosed hypertension patient

A

BP reading in both arms

169
Q

Beta blocker

A

“Olol”

Decrease bp, p & contactibility - decrease wrk load on the heart

Dont give to astmatics or diabetics

170
Q

CCB

A

“Pine”

Dilate coronary arteries & decrease bp

171
Q

Lithium toxicity signs

A

Vomiting, blurred vision, abdominal pain, diarrhea, blurred vision, tinnitus, tremors

172
Q

Dig toxicity signs

A

Diarrhea, blurred vision, n/v

173
Q

Respiratory acidosis signs

A

Hradache, restlessness, confusion

Positions (1 decks)

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