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Lower Extremity > Positioning > Flashcards

Positioning Flashcards

1
Q

AP foot projection is also known as?

A

AP axial and Plantodorsal

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2
Q

What knee projection places the IR under the pts knees on top of the wheelchair seat?

A

Holmblad

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3
Q

An AP mortise projection of the ankle rotates the foot how many degrees?

A

15-20 degrees medially

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4
Q

What is the SID for a lower leg projection?

A

44-48

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5
Q

What is the CR angle on a mediolateral knee?

A

5-7 degrees cephalad

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6
Q

When performing an AP mortise ankle the intermalleolar lines are what to the IR?

A

parallel

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7
Q

Which projection is performed for the lis-franc injury?

A

weight bearing bilateral foot

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8
Q

Where do you center for an AP knee?

A

1/2 in distal to the apex of the patella

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9
Q

Where do you center for a mediolateral calcaneous?

A

1 in distal to the medial malleolus

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10
Q

How much do you rotate the foot on an oblique projection of the foot?

A

30-45 degrees medially

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11
Q

What do you do to a patients legs on an AP hip projection?

A

internally rotate them 15-20 degrees internally

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12
Q

If the pt is in a Cleaves position, what position are the legs?

A

abducted 45 degrees

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13
Q

Where should the CR enter for a plantodorsal projection of the calcaneous?

A

base of the third metatarsal angled 45 degrees

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14
Q

What is the tube angle for an AP axial foot?

A

10 degrees toward heel of foot

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15
Q

When the fibula is superimposed over the superior aspect of the proximal tibia, which way is the leg rotated?

A

externally

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16
Q

How do you position the plantar surface of the foot for an AP ankle projection?

A

perpendicular to the IR

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17
Q

Which ankle projection best demonstrates the distal tib/fib joint open?

A

45 internally rotated oblique

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18
Q

Damage to the longitudinal arches of the foot are best demonstrated with what projection?

A

Lateral weight bearing foot

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19
Q

Where is the patella visualized on an AP oblique knee with medial rotation?

A

superimposed over the medial condyle of the femur

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20
Q

On an AP knee if the pt’s waist is 25in or more how is the CR angled?

A

3-5 degrees cephalic

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21
Q

What type of projection are the Houston and Settagast?

A

tangential

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22
Q

Which method is demonstrated with a PA axial projection of the knee when the pt is prone with a 45 degree flexion of the knee?

A

Camp coventry

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23
Q

Which projection of the knee uses a curved cassette

A

Beclere

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24
Q

Where do you center for toe projections?

A

Head of the metatarsals

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25
Q

Which lateral toes are projected lateromedial?

A

1st through 3rd

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26
Q

Which lateral toes are performed mediolateral?

A

4th and 5th

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27
Q

What does a tangential projection of the toes demonstrate?

A

Sesmoid bones at the head of the 1st metatarsal

28
Q

Where is the CR for a tangential foot projection?

A
  • 1st metatarsophalangeal joint
  • foot dorsiflexed 15-20 degrees
  • pt prone to reduces OID
29
Q

Where is the CR on an AP oblique foot medial rotation?

A
  • base of the third metatarsal
  • foot rotated 30-35 degrees medially
  • open sinus tarsi
  • all of navicular and 3rd cuneiform visualized
30
Q

How can you tell if an AP foot is underrotated?

A

the sinus tarsi and other joints are closed

31
Q

What is visualized on a lateral foot if the heel is elevated?

A
  • unaligned talar domes

- fibula is posterior alone

32
Q

What is visualized on a lateral foot if the forefoot is elevated?

A
  • fibula is anterior

- talar domes seen separately

33
Q

Where to you center on a mediolateral foot projection?

A

base of the third metatarsal and midcuneiform

34
Q

Where is the CR on an AP and lateral weightbearing foot projection?

A

15 degrees cephalic at the base of the metatarsals

35
Q

Which joint spaces are open on a mediolateral calcaneous?

A

navicular calcaneous and cuboid- tarsals closest to IR

36
Q

Where do you center on a mediolateral calcaneous?

A

1 in inferior to the medial malleolus

37
Q

Where do you center on an AP ankle?

A

mid malleolar line

38
Q

The plantar surface of the foot is ___ to the IR on and AP ankle?

A

perpendicular

39
Q

How much of the tib/fib should be shown on an ankle projection?

A

distal 1/3

40
Q

How much of the foot should be seen on an ankle projection?

A

the proximal 1/2

41
Q

What is the projection on a lateral ankle?

A

mediolateral-always

42
Q

What is the position of the foot on a lateral ankle?

A

dorsiflexed

43
Q

Which way is the foot rotated on an inversion AP stress ankle?

A

medially

44
Q

Which way is the foot turned on an eversion AP stress ankle?

A

laterally

45
Q

What is the tube angle for a pt with a 19cm or less waist?

A

3-5 degrees caudal

46
Q

What is the tube angle on an AP knee for a pt with a waist 19-24cm?

A

0 angle

47
Q

Which joint is open on a AP oblique knee with 45 degree medial rotation?

A

the proximal tib/fib joint

48
Q

What do the tib/fib look like on an AP oblique knee with lateral rotation?

A

they are superimposed

49
Q

Where do you center for an lateral knee?

A

1in distal to medial epicondyle

50
Q

Where do you center for a cross table lateral knee?

A

1in distal to lateral epicondyle

51
Q

What are the 3 method names of the projections that demonstrate the interconylar fossa?

A
  • Camp Coventry
  • Holmblad
  • Beclere
52
Q

Which two intercondylar fossa projections are axial and what is the angle on the tube?

A
  • Camp Coventry (pa axial)
  • Beclere ( ap axial)
  • tube angled 40-50 to match degree of flexion of the knee
53
Q

What are the 5 tangential projections done for the patella?

A
  • Merchant Bilateral
  • Inferiosuperior
  • Hughston
  • Settagast
  • Superioinferior sitting
54
Q

What is visualized on the tangential knee projections?

A
  • intercondylar sulcus and patella are visualized

- patellofemoral joint space are open

55
Q

Which tangential patella projections require the pt to be prone?

A
  • settagast- 90 degree knee flexion

- houston- 55 degree knee flexion

56
Q

How much is the knee flexed on a mediolateral patella?

A

5-10 degrees

57
Q

Where do you center for an AP pelvis?

A

Midway between the asis (2in distally) and symphosis pubis

58
Q

Where do you center for a Bi-lateral frog leg?

A

3 in below the asis at the midline of the body

59
Q

What is the pt position for a bilateral frog leg?

A

pt supine with knees bent 60 degrees and abducted 40-45 degrees

60
Q

Where do you center for an AP unilateral hip?

A

2 inches medially to the asis and 3-4in inferiorly

61
Q

What is the method name for the unilateral frog leg?

A

Modified Cleaves

62
Q

Where do you center for a modified cleaves?

A

at the femoral neck/ mid crease of thigh

63
Q

What type of projection is the Danielus-Miller?

A

Inferiosuperior

64
Q

Where do you place the cassette for a danielus-miller?

A

in the crease above the iliac crest and parallel to femoral neck

65
Q

Where is the lesser trochanter on a modified cleaves?

A

in profile on the medial side of the femur

Lower Extremity (3 decks)

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