Positioning Flashcards
AP foot projection is also known as?
AP axial and Plantodorsal
What knee projection places the IR under the pts knees on top of the wheelchair seat?
Holmblad
An AP mortise projection of the ankle rotates the foot how many degrees?
15-20 degrees medially
What is the SID for a lower leg projection?
44-48
What is the CR angle on a mediolateral knee?
5-7 degrees cephalad
When performing an AP mortise ankle the intermalleolar lines are what to the IR?
parallel
Which projection is performed for the lis-franc injury?
weight bearing bilateral foot
Where do you center for an AP knee?
1/2 in distal to the apex of the patella
Where do you center for a mediolateral calcaneous?
1 in distal to the medial malleolus
How much do you rotate the foot on an oblique projection of the foot?
30-45 degrees medially
What do you do to a patients legs on an AP hip projection?
internally rotate them 15-20 degrees internally
If the pt is in a Cleaves position, what position are the legs?
abducted 45 degrees
Where should the CR enter for a plantodorsal projection of the calcaneous?
base of the third metatarsal angled 45 degrees
What is the tube angle for an AP axial foot?
10 degrees toward heel of foot
When the fibula is superimposed over the superior aspect of the proximal tibia, which way is the leg rotated?
externally
How do you position the plantar surface of the foot for an AP ankle projection?
perpendicular to the IR
Which ankle projection best demonstrates the distal tib/fib joint open?
45 internally rotated oblique
Damage to the longitudinal arches of the foot are best demonstrated with what projection?
Lateral weight bearing foot
Where is the patella visualized on an AP oblique knee with medial rotation?
superimposed over the medial condyle of the femur
On an AP knee if the pt’s waist is 25in or more how is the CR angled?
3-5 degrees cephalic
What type of projection are the Houston and Settagast?
tangential
Which method is demonstrated with a PA axial projection of the knee when the pt is prone with a 45 degree flexion of the knee?
Camp coventry
Which projection of the knee uses a curved cassette
Beclere
Where do you center for toe projections?
Head of the metatarsals
Which lateral toes are projected lateromedial?
1st through 3rd
Which lateral toes are performed mediolateral?
4th and 5th
What does a tangential projection of the toes demonstrate?
Sesmoid bones at the head of the 1st metatarsal
Where is the CR for a tangential foot projection?
- 1st metatarsophalangeal joint
- foot dorsiflexed 15-20 degrees
- pt prone to reduces OID
Where is the CR on an AP oblique foot medial rotation?
- base of the third metatarsal
- foot rotated 30-35 degrees medially
- open sinus tarsi
- all of navicular and 3rd cuneiform visualized
How can you tell if an AP foot is underrotated?
the sinus tarsi and other joints are closed
What is visualized on a lateral foot if the heel is elevated?
- unaligned talar domes
- fibula is posterior alone
What is visualized on a lateral foot if the forefoot is elevated?
- fibula is anterior
- talar domes seen separately
Where to you center on a mediolateral foot projection?
base of the third metatarsal and midcuneiform
Where is the CR on an AP and lateral weightbearing foot projection?
15 degrees cephalic at the base of the metatarsals
Which joint spaces are open on a mediolateral calcaneous?
navicular calcaneous and cuboid- tarsals closest to IR
Where do you center on a mediolateral calcaneous?
1 in inferior to the medial malleolus
Where do you center on an AP ankle?
mid malleolar line
The plantar surface of the foot is ___ to the IR on and AP ankle?
perpendicular
How much of the tib/fib should be shown on an ankle projection?
distal 1/3
How much of the foot should be seen on an ankle projection?
the proximal 1/2
What is the projection on a lateral ankle?
mediolateral-always
What is the position of the foot on a lateral ankle?
dorsiflexed
Which way is the foot rotated on an inversion AP stress ankle?
medially
Which way is the foot turned on an eversion AP stress ankle?
laterally
What is the tube angle for a pt with a 19cm or less waist?
3-5 degrees caudal
What is the tube angle on an AP knee for a pt with a waist 19-24cm?
0 angle
Which joint is open on a AP oblique knee with 45 degree medial rotation?
the proximal tib/fib joint
What do the tib/fib look like on an AP oblique knee with lateral rotation?
they are superimposed
Where do you center for an lateral knee?
1in distal to medial epicondyle
Where do you center for a cross table lateral knee?
1in distal to lateral epicondyle
What are the 3 method names of the projections that demonstrate the interconylar fossa?
- Camp Coventry
- Holmblad
- Beclere
Which two intercondylar fossa projections are axial and what is the angle on the tube?
- Camp Coventry (pa axial)
- Beclere ( ap axial)
- tube angled 40-50 to match degree of flexion of the knee
What are the 5 tangential projections done for the patella?
- Merchant Bilateral
- Inferiosuperior
- Hughston
- Settagast
- Superioinferior sitting
What is visualized on the tangential knee projections?
- intercondylar sulcus and patella are visualized
- patellofemoral joint space are open
Which tangential patella projections require the pt to be prone?
- settagast- 90 degree knee flexion
- houston- 55 degree knee flexion
How much is the knee flexed on a mediolateral patella?
5-10 degrees
Where do you center for an AP pelvis?
Midway between the asis (2in distally) and symphosis pubis
Where do you center for a Bi-lateral frog leg?
3 in below the asis at the midline of the body
What is the pt position for a bilateral frog leg?
pt supine with knees bent 60 degrees and abducted 40-45 degrees
Where do you center for an AP unilateral hip?
2 inches medially to the asis and 3-4in inferiorly
What is the method name for the unilateral frog leg?
Modified Cleaves
Where do you center for a modified cleaves?
at the femoral neck/ mid crease of thigh
What type of projection is the Danielus-Miller?
Inferiosuperior
Where do you place the cassette for a danielus-miller?
in the crease above the iliac crest and parallel to femoral neck
Where is the lesser trochanter on a modified cleaves?
in profile on the medial side of the femur
