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CMS Advanced Old World 2016 > Portugal > Flashcards

Portugal Flashcards

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1
Q

Portugal’s northern most wine region; famous for production of Vinho Verde is called?

A

Minho Province.
This area of coastline is known as the Costa Verde (Green Coast) named after one of the most important rivers in the area. 1500 mm of rain mainly in winter and spring.
If grapes destined to be Vinho Verde (‘green wine’) come off the vine a little too ripe; or are fermented a little too long; they risk exceeding the limit of 11.5% alcohol by volume stipulated under the Vinho Verde DOC laws. In these situations the wines can be sold as IGP Minho.

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2
Q

Portugal’s largest wine region is called?

A

Vinho Verde DOC. It has the same geographical boundaries as the Minho IGP.

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3
Q

What is Enforcado?

A

Traditional method in Vinho Verde of cultivation vines high off the ground on trellises or even on the branches of trees; this allows the ground underneath to be used for crops but the grapes do not benefit from reflected and radiated heat from the ground. Mechanization is not possible so many larger producers are therefore replanting vineyards on lower training systems.

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4
Q

Name Vinho Verde White Varieties?

A

Most important and recomended are Alvarinho; Loureiro and Trajadura.
Others are: Arinto; Avesso; Azal; and Batoca.

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5
Q

Name Vinho Verde Red Varieties?

A

Most important are: Espadeiro; Borraçal; Vinhão and Alvarelhão.
Others include: Amaral; Padeiro; Pedral and Rabo-de-Anho.

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6
Q

Name Vinho Verde Subregions?

A

Monção (the best); Lima; Cávado; Ave; Amarante; Baião; Paiva; Basto; and Sousa.

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7
Q

Alvarinho is usually bottled as a varietal wine near the northern town of?

A

Monção, situated directly across the Minho River from Rías Baixas’ Condado do Tea region.
Monção e Melgaço Alvarinho remains a bright spot for quality in a region driven by high yields and mass production.

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8
Q

Name two DOP Regions of Douro/Porto?

A

Douro DOP and Port DOP.

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9
Q

Name three subzones in Douro DOP?

A

Baixo Corgo to the west has the highest density of plantings, Cima Corgo has the highest total vineyard acreage, almost half of the valley’s total wine production and Douro Superior, which stretches to the Spanish border, is the largest, most arid, and most sparsely planted region in Douro.

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10
Q

What kind of wine is produced in Port DOP?

A

Fortified Port from the Douro region is released as Porto DOP.

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11
Q

Name IGP which covers the same area as the Douro DOP and the Port wine region?

A

Duriense IGP. Classic French varieties like Cabernet Sauvignon; Sauvignon Blanc and Gewurztraminer are also planted and because they are not authorized for Douro DOP they produce the Vinho Regional wines.

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12
Q

Licoroso (fortified) Moscatel do Douro is produced under which appellation title?

A

Douro DOP

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13
Q

What is Colheita Tardia?

A

Late harvest wines.

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14
Q

What are most important Douro Red Varieties?

A

The list of approved grape varietials is extensive; but the best red wines are usually produced from Touriga Nacional; Touriga Franca; Tinta Roriz; Tinta Cão; and Tinta Barroca.

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15
Q

What are most important Douro White Varieties?

A

White varietals include Malvasia Fina; Viosinho; Rabigato; and Gouveio; but Douro is not famous for its white wines.
Moscatel Galego is used for fortified Moscatel wines; which may carry an age designation in the manner of tawny Port.

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16
Q

What are Távora - Varosa DOC most important varietals?

A

Malvasia Fina accounts for roughly one half of older vineyards. The remaining half is made up of Bical; Cerceal; Fernao Pires and Gouveio among the white-wine varieties; and Tinta Barroca; Tinta Roriz; Touriga Nacional and Touriga Franca (the classic Douro varieties) among the reds.
There are also significant plantings of Chardonnay and Pinot Noir here; and they are on increase.

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17
Q

What is first area in Portugal to be officially demarcated for sparkling wines?

A

Távora - Varosa DOP. Center of sparkling wine production.

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18
Q

What are most important Dao DOP red varieties?

A

Finest red wines from Dao today are deep reds made from Tinta Roriz and Touriga Nacional; other important are Jaen and Alfrocheiro Preto.
Red wines account for over 75% of the total output of Dao.

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19
Q

What are most important Dao DOP white varieties?

A

Finest examples of white wines are based on Encruzado others Bical; and Cercial.

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20
Q

What are most important Bairrada DOP varieties?

A

Bairrada is unusual in Portugal in that it is almost a one-grape region. Over 70 per cent of the wines are red; made principally from the Baga vine.
Some other grape varieties such as Touriga Nacional; Cabernet Sauvignon; and Merlot are also being planted to add roundness to Baga—although the last two have been bottled as Vinho Regional Beiras.

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21
Q

What part of Portugal used to be known as Estremadura?

A

Lisboa VR. It used to be known as Estremadura up to 2009 when the name changed to Lisboa but it is also sometimes colloquially known as Oeste (West). Estremadura produces more wine than any other part of Portugal.

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22
Q

What is best wine from Bucelas DOP?

A

Hgh-quality; crisp; dry white wines based on Arinto.

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23
Q

What is best wine from Carcavelhos DOP?

A

The flagship Carcavelos wine style is a robust red made from Ramisco grapes which have fallen out of fashion in recent years.
Region suffered the most at the hands of suburban sprawl—only 25 hectares of vineyard remain.

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24
Q

What are best wines from DoTejo DOP (formerly Ribatejo)?

A

Castelão and Fernão Pires are the dominant red and white grapes; white wines outnumber reds.

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25
Q

What is best wine from Alentejo DOP?

A

Red wine production in Alentejo exceeds that of whites, Aragonez (Tempranillo) is the most widely-planted red grape and Trincadeira is the region’s most prominent grape.
Many of the new generation of Alentejo reds incorporate imported grapes such as Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon; made as IGP.
The white Antão Vaz is the star grape of the region; with good acidity and tropical fruit flavours. It also responds well to barrel-fermentation.

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26
Q

Lisboa contains nine individual DOP; name some of them?

A

Bucelas, Colares, Carcavelos, Arruda, Torres Vedras, Alenquer, Óbidos, Lourinhã, and Encostas de Aire.

27
Q

Sandy; phylloxera-free soils and ungrafted vines are found in what part of Lisboa?

A

Colares DOP. It is famous as much for its sandy; phylloxera-free soils and ungrafted vines as the robust; tannic red wine it produces from Ramisco grapes which is out of fashion these days.
White wine produced from a local strain of Malvasia.

28
Q

What is Iberian Peninsula longest river?

A

Tagus; or Tejo River. Both Tejo and Alentejano derive their names from this river.

29
Q

Name two DOP zones of Península de Setúbal IGP?

A

Setúbal and Palmela.

30
Q

What are most important varieties in Palmela DOP?

A

The most important grape variety in the red wines made here is Castelao Frances (known as Periquita in some parts of Portugal) which are also used in rose and sparkling wines.
White wines are blended with a high proportion of Fernão Pires and Arinto.
Also number of international varietals for both red and white wine production; including Cabernet Sauvignon; Chardonnay; Sémillon; Syrah; Sauvignon Blanc; Merlot; and Tannat.

31
Q

What is best wine from Setubal DOP?

A

Setubal is known for its fortified wines; although these lie in the significant shadow of their more famous northern counterparts of Porto.
Principal variety is Moscatel de Setubal (aka Muscat of Alexandria); the rare; pink-skinned Moscatel Roxo is also occasionally used.

32
Q

What is Setubal DOP method of production?

A

Process of production is same as other sweet fortified wines except that leftover; highly aromatic Muscat grape skins are added to the mix and allowed to macerate with the wine for as long as six months. This gives Moscatel de Setubal its intensely pungent; floral aroma. Most are bottled after four to five years in the large oak vats but there are also examples of 20 years.

33
Q

What is the southernmost IGP on the Portuguese mainland?

A

Algarve, hot seaside climate is not particularly suited for the production of fine wines.
Traditional grape varieties in the region include Castelão and Tinta Negra Mole for red wines, and Arinto and Síria for white wines.

34
Q

Plantations of Quercus suber—cork trees—are widespread through which region?

A

Alentejano

35
Q

What are the most highly regarded wines of the volcanic Açores (Azores) islands?

A

The fortified white wines of Pico DOP made from Verdelho (the variety behind some of the very finest Madeira);

36
Q

What kind of grape is Loureiro?

A

Occasionally Loureira; fine; ‘laurel-scented’; white grape variety that is the most planted in Vinho Verde country and also grown in Rías Baixas.

37
Q

What kind of grape is Bical?

A

Portuguese white grape variety grown mainly in Bairrada; and Dão. Some capacity for ageing has been demonstrated; Bical developing an almost Riesling-like bouquet after a decade in bottle.

38
Q

What kind of grape is Encruzado?

A

Portuguese white grape variety most commonly planted in Dão. It can yield well-balanced; full-bodied varietal wine.

39
Q

What kind of grape is Arinto?

A

Portuguese white grape variety most commonly encountered in Bucelas in which it must constitute at least 75 per cent of the blend. It is also grown in many other parts of Portugal; notably the Ribatejo and Terras do Sado.
Arinto is respected for its high acidity and can yield wines which gain interest and; sometimes; a citrus quality with age. As an ingredient in Vinho Verde it is known as Pedernã.

40
Q

What kind of grape is Arinto Tinto?

A

Portuguese synonym for Aragonez; or Tempranillo.

41
Q

What kind of grape is Touriga Nacional?

A

It produces small quantities of very small berries in the Douro valley and the Portuguese Dão region (where it probably originated) which result in deep-coloured; very tannic; concentrated wines.

42
Q

What kind of grape is Baga?

A

Red grape found throughout central Portugal but mostly in the Bairrada region; where; unusually for Portugal; it accounts for as much as 90 per cent of black varieties.
This small; thin-skinned variety (Baga means ‘berry’) produces dark; fairly acidic; tannic wines that can be undrinkably astringent if the grapes are under-ripe when picked.

43
Q

What kind of grape is Castelão?

A

Portugal’s most planted vine variety; known variously as Periquita in Terras do Sado; Castelão Francês in the Ribatejo; João de Santarém in Oeste; Trincadeira in Dão; Mortágua or Moreto in the Algarve; and Santarém in the Douro.

44
Q

What kind of grape is Trincadeira?

A

Ideally suited to the Alentejo; where it can produce deep-coloured; spicy wines in the right conditions but tends to herbaceousness if not picked at the right time. Known in the Douro as Tinta Amarela.

45
Q

What kind means IGP?

A

Indicação Geogràfica Protegida or Protected Geographical Indication. The whole of the country is divided into 14 ‘Regional Wine’ areas.
Wines from these areas have for years been labelled in Portugal as Vinho Regional. Now the European Union has introduced new titles for this category of wine: IGP.

46
Q

What is the highest classification level in Portugal?

A

DOC (Denominação de Origem Controlada; old but still in use) or DOP (Denominação de Origem Protegida which meansProtected Designation of Origin; new EU regulation).

47
Q

What is a taste profile of Tinto Alentejo?

A

Full-bodied red wines that are typically blends made with Aragonês (Tempranillo), Trincadeira, Castelão, Alfrocheiro and Alicante Bouschet.

48
Q

What is a taste profile of Branco Alentejo?

A

Light-bodied and Full-bodied white wines made with Arinto (fuller in style), Antão Vaz (fuller in style), Roupeiro and Fernão Pires (an aromatic white variety).

49
Q

What is a taste profile of Alentejano (IGP/Vinho Regional?

A

Full-bodied red and white wines from a larger encompassing region that may include non-indigenous grape varieties (Viognier and Syrah are growing in popularity here).

50
Q

What is a taste profile of wines from Alenquer?

A

Concentrated, high tannin red wines made with Castelão, Alfrocheiro, Aragonês (Tempranillo) and Touriga Nacional

51
Q

What is a taste profile of wines from Bucelas?

A

Light-bodied, citrus and beeswax-driven, age-worthy white wines made with Arinto. Typically very fine with 4+ years of age.

52
Q

What is a taste profile of wines from Arruda?

A

Full-bodied red wines that often include international grape varieties like Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah

53
Q

What is a taste profile of wines from Colares?

A

Very rare find. Golden colored, full-bodied white wines in an oxidative style made with Malvasia Fina (grown on the beach cliffs).

54
Q

What is a taste profile of wines from Óbidos and Lourinhã?

A

Light-bodied aromatic white wines particularly with Fernão Pires.

55
Q

Portuguese word for White wine?

A

Vinho Branco

56
Q

Portuguese word for Red wine?

A

Vinho tinto

57
Q

What is the name for Mencía in Dão?

A

Jaen, producing full-bodied red wine. Raspberry and black cherry flavors with moderately high acidity and mouth-drying tannin.

58
Q

On Portuguese wine label what means Colheita Seleccionada?

A

Colheita Seleccionada– “Selected Harvest”.
Official designation for DOC/DOP wine and IGP wine with outstanding organoleptic characteristics and an alcoholic strength equal to or greater than (in 1% by vol.) the minimum threshold set as evaluated by the panel of the regional wine commission.
The use of this designation requires the indication of the harvest year;

59
Q

On Portuguese wine label what means Colheita tardia?

A

Late harvest. Official designation for DOC/DOP wine and IGP wine;

60
Q

On Portuguese wine label what means Engarrafado?

A

Bottled

61
Q

On Portuguese wine label what means Garrafa?

A

Bottle

62
Q

On Portuguese wine label what means Garrafeira?

A

Official designation for DOC/DOP wine and IGP wine with harvest year and minimum aging: for red wine an aging of at least 30 months, of which at least 12 months in glass bottle; for white and rose wines an aging of at least 12 months, of which at least 6 months in a glass bottle.
It also stands for wine shop or wine cellar in Portuguese.

63
Q

On Portuguese wine label what means Grande Reserva?

A

Official designation for DOC/DOP wine and IGP wine with highlighted organoleptic characteristics and an alcoholic strength equal to or greater than (in 1% by vol.) the minimum threshold set as evaluated by the panel of the regional wine commission.
The use of this designation requires the indication of the harvest year;

64
Q

On Portuguese wine label what means Quinta?

A

Farm, estate, property.

Wines designated with “Quinta” may only be made of grapes coming from that specific property;

CMS Advanced Old World 2016 (5 decks)

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