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Ports & Protocols Flashcards

1
Q

What is a port?

A

Entry/exit point by software apps to exchange information

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2
Q

What is a protocol?

A

, Rules and conventions for data exchange between network devices

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3
Q

IP address function

A

Direct data to the correct system in a network

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4
Q

Port function

A

Identifies specific apps/services on a computer

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5
Q

What are the 3 port groups?

A

Well-known ports, registered ports, ephemeral port

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6
Q

What’s the numbering of well-known ports?

A

0-1,023

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7
Q

Name examples of well-known ports.

A

FTP, SMTP, HTTP and https

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8
Q

FTP uses which ports?

A

20,21

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9
Q

SMTP port #

A

25

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10
Q

http port #

A

80

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11
Q

http and HTTPS, which port is secure?

A

https

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12
Q

https port #

A

443

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13
Q

Registered ports #ts

A

1,024 to 49,151

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14
Q

Ephemeral ports #

A

49,152 to 65, 535

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15
Q

2 way communicator is established between…

A

Client and webserver

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16
Q

What does TCP stand for?

A

Transmission Control Protocol

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17
Q

What layer of the OSI model does TCP operates from?

A

Transport layer (4)

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18
Q

Functions of TCP

A

Error checking, data sequencing, acknowledgment

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19
Q

TCP function with messages

A

Breaks down larger messages into smaller packets for data transfer

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20
Q

Define 3 way hand shake

A

Initiated to establish a connection between systems

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21
Q

Error checking

A

Detects & retransmits lost/corrupted packets

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22
Q

Flow control

A

Prevents overwhelming the receiver

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23
Q

Windowing

A

Controls the amount of data sent a time

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24
Q

Enable multiple network applications on the same server

A

Ports

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25
Numerical identifiers are called.
Ports
26
Ensures reliability and ordered delivery betwee clients and server
TCP
27
3 way handshake
Establishes secure connection
28
What is UDP acronym
User datagram protocol
29
Define UDP
Comm. Protocol used for time sensitive transmissions on the internet
30
UDP cons
- ideal for speed over checking - low latency, reduced processing overhead - lacks error checking and recovery services
31
Connection less
UDP
32
Uses ports to direct date to the connect application
UDP
33
Stateless protocol;fire/forget
UDP
34
ICMP
Internet control message protocol
35
OSI layer for ICMP
Network layer (3)
36
ICMP (Internet control message protocol)
Network layer (3)
37
ICMP is not used for what?
Data transmission between systems
38
ICMP messages
Used for host/service unreachability, expired time to live router buffer issues
39
Type - ICMP msg structure
Indicates the type of ICMP msg (1 byte)
40
Code- ICMP msg structure
Provides additional context about message type (1 byte)
41
Checksum -imp msg structure
Used for error checking the msg header and data (2 bytes)
42
Used for error handling/ diagnostics
ICMP
43
Define web ports and protocols
Standardized rules and numerical gateways that govern data transmission/communication for websites
44
Name 2 fundamental ports
Port 80 (HTTP) port 443 (HTTPs)
45
Encrypts data, securing it from interception/tampering
HTTPS
46
Vital for websites ah fling sensitive data like banking
HTTPS
47
SMTP
Sending emails
48
SMTP port#
25
49
A secure variant of SMTP
SMTPS
50
POP3
Transmits emails in plain text (insecure)
51
POP3 port#
995 via SSL/TLS
52
IMAP
Transmits emails in plain text (insecure) more flexible then POP3
53
IMAP port#
143
54
A variant of IMAP that transmits secure/enctypted data
IMAPS
55
IMAPS port #
993
56
Sending emails
SMTP/SMTPS
57
Reciving emails
POP3/IMAP
58
Email management on multiple devices
IMAP
59
File transfer ports & protocol
Specialized rules and procedures that are utilized for the transmission of files across networks
60
FTP port #
20 - actual data transfer 21- sending control commands
61
Drawback of FTP
Lack of encryption/ security risks
62
SFTP port#
22- standard port for SSH connections
63
Addresses FTP security concerns
SFTP
64
TFTP
Basic version of FTP THAT LACKS AUTHENTICATION & directory browsing
65
designed for sending files when minimal security is sufficient
TFTP port 69
66
SMB (server message block)
A network file sharing protocol that allows applications to read/write files & request service from server programs
67
Not a protocol to send data across the internet
SMB
68
Basic transfers (ports 20,21)
FTP
69
Secure transfers (port 22)
SFTP
70
Simple, unsecured transfer (port69)
TFTP
71
Windows file sharing in LANs
SMB
72
When choosing protocol:
Align security requirements, network environment & functionality needed
73
Build & manage systems & network remotely from anywhere in the world
Remote access ports & protocls
74
Protocol for secure remote login and network services over an unsecure network
SSH (secure shell)
75
Early remote login protocol
Telnet
76
RDP (Remote Desktop protocol)
Port 3389- Allows remote access to a window system, supporting different network topologies
77
Fundamental services for smooth digital communication and network management
Network Services, Ports, and Protocols
78
DNS (Domain Name System)
domain names to IP addresses ■ Operates on ports 53
79
TCP = larger msgs UDP= smaller msgs
DNS
80
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Automates the assignment of IP addresses and networking parameters to client devices
81
SQL Services
Refers to protocols used by database servers for managing queries
82
SQL
Microsoft SQL: port 1433/MySQL 3306 Data management query
83
Syslog
Standard for message logging allowing devices to send event messages across IP networks
84
Network Time Protocol (NTP)
Vital for time-dependent processes
85
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
Voiceover IP applications
86
LDAP
Allows retrieval of mngmt/relevant info (unsecured)
87
LDAPS
Protect sensitive data; encrypted tunnel

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