Ports & Protocols Flashcards by Jonathan Nuqui

What is a Port?

logical communication endpoint that exists on your computer or server.

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What is an Inbound Port?

used when a computer or server is listening for a connection

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What is an Outbound Port?

open by a computer whenever it wants to connect to a given server.

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What are the Well-Known Ports?

any port that is numbered between zero and 1023

Called well known ports because they are assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

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What protocol and port number is used for secure web browsing?

Well-Known Port

HTTPS

Port 443

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What protocol does port 23 use?

Telnet

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What are Registered Ports?

Ports 1024 to 49,151 are considered registered and are usually assigned to proprietary protocols

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What port does the Microsoft SQL server use?

Port 1433

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What port does the RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) use?

port 3389

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What are the Dynamic and Private Ports?

Port 49,152 to 65,535 can be used by any application without being registered with IANA

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What is a Protocol?

Rules governing device communication and data exchange

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What to know for ports for the Sec+ exam

Memorize the port number.
Memorize the protocol used by that port by default.
I want you to know whether the protocol supports TCP or UDP connections.
I want you to know a basic description of what that port or protocol is going to be used for.

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Port 21 (TCP)

Used for: FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

FTP is going to be used to transfer files from a host to host, and it operates over port 21 using TCP.

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Port 22 (TCP)

Used for: SSH, SCP, SFTP

SSH is used for remote control or remote access using a text-based environment to a remote server.

SCP is going to provide with you a secure copy functions over port 22

SFTP will provide secure file transfers over port 22 as well.

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Port 23 (TCP)

Used for Telnet

Telnet is a protocol used for remotely accessing network devices and it operates over port 23 using TCP.

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Port 25 (TCP)

Used for: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)

Responsible for sending emails over port 25 using TCP

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Port 53 (TCP and UDP)

Used for: DNS (Domain Name System)

This is going to be used to translate domain names into IP addresses and it functions over port 53 using both TCP and UDP connections.

Port 69 (UDP)

Used for: TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)

simplified file transfer protocol that is often used with network-based operating systems. This is going to operate over port 69 using a UDP connection.

Port 80 (TCP)

Used for: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)

Used for insecure web browsing

Port 88 (UDP)

Used for: Kerberos

Kerberos is a network authentication protocol that operates over port 88 using UDP

Port 110 (TCP)

Used for: POP3 (Post Office Protocol Version 3)

POP3 is going to be responsible for retrieving email from a server and it operates over port one 10 using TCP connections.

Port 119 (TCP)

Used for: NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol)

used for accessing news groups and it operates over port 119 using TCP.

Port 135 (TCP & UDP)

Used for: RPC (Remote Procedure Call)

This is going to facilitate your communication between different system processes and it operates over port 135 using TCP and UDP

Ports 137, 138, & 139 (TCP & UDP)

Used for: NetBIOS

NetBIOS is a network protocol suite and it operates over ports 137, 138 and 139 using UDP and TCP.

What is NetBIOS?

used inside of a Windows domain environment for you to be able to share things like internal network names as well as doing file and printer sharing in a local Windows environment.

Port 143 (TCP)

Used for: IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) allows for accessing email messages on a server and be able to operate over port 143 using a TCP connection.

Port 161 (UDP)

Used for: SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Allows access to email messages on a server

Port 162 (UDP)

Used for: SNMP Traps Responsible for sending SNMP trap messages

Port 389 (TCP)

User for: LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) This is going to be able to help you with directory services and it operates over port 389 using TCP.

Port 443 (TCP)

Used for: HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) provides us with a secure web communication process that operates over port 443 using TCP.

Port 445 (TCP)

Used for: SMB (Server Message Block) used for file and printer sharing over a network and operates using port 445 using TCP

Ports 465 & 587 (TCP)

Used for: SMTPS provides us with secure SMTP communications to send our emails over port 465 or 587 using either SSL or TLS and a TCP connection.

Port 514 (UDP)

Used for: Syslog protocol for sending log messages and it operates over port 514 using a UDP connection.

Port 636 (TCP)

Used for: LDAPS (LDAP Secure) allows us to have our LDAP directory communications happening over an SSL or TLS connection that is encrypted and operating over port 636 using a TCP connection.

Port 993 (TCP)

Used for: IMAPS or the Internet Message Access Protocol over SSL or TLS and essentially, this is the secure version of IMAP. This is going to be used to do the secure email retrieval over port 993 using a TCP connection.

Port 995 (TCP)

Used for: POP3S (Post Office Protocol version 3 over SSL/TLS) This allows us to have secure email retrieval using a POP3 protocol over port 995 using a TCP connection.

Port 1433 (TCP)

Used for: Microsoft SQL Used to facilitate communication with our Microsoft SQL server and it operates over port 1433 using a TCP connection

Ports 1645 & 1646 (TCP)

Used for: RADIUS RADIUS is a protocol for remote authentication, authorization and accounting that operates over ports 1645 and 1646 using a TCP connection.

Ports 1812 & 1813 (UDP)

used for: RADIUS when it uses a UDP session Used for authentication and accounting as defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

Port 3389 (TCP)

Used for: RDP (Remote Desk Protocol) enables remote desktop access and operates over port 3389 using a TCP connection.

Port 6514 (TCP)

Used for: Syslog TLS Used in a secure Syslog that uses SSL/TLS to encrypt the IP packets using a certificate before sending them across the IP network to the syslog collector